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L’Estoire et la Queste del saint Graal en marge du cycle arthurien : expérimenter une lecture hors-contexte dans les manuscrits de Paris, BnF fr. 12581 et de Chantilly, musée Condé, 476
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Additional file 1 of Attachment insecurity, adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), and suicidality in French residential-care adolescents: a gender-differentiated study
No full textInternational audienceSupplementary Material 1. Supplementary material is available online, including Table S1 presenting the bivariate correlations among the main study variables (ACE, attachment dimensions, depressive symptoms, suicidality)
Droit administratif et droit naturel. Premier regard
No full textInternational audienceLe droit naturel classique n’a longtemps suscité d’intérêt que de la part des historiens du droit et des idées, convaincus à juste titre de son utilitépour la compréhension du droit contemporain. Après avoir récemment fait l’objet d’une certaine attention de la doctrine privatiste, le moment estvenu pour la doctrine publiciste d’apporter sa contribution à ce renouveau. Telle est la finalité de cet ouvrage qui envisage le droit administratif àl’aune des catégories du droit naturel classique.L’objet de ces pages pourra légitimement surprendre. À première vue en effet, le droit administratif est un droit de la puissance publique, certesmodéré par le contrôle du juge, mais qui semble exclure par principe toute approche sous l’angle de la justice ou de l’équité. Ce premierregard, qui en appelle d’autres à l’avenir, propose de revenir sur cette idée fort répandue.Sans nier la dimension politique du droit administratif, les contributions du présent ouvrage montrent que ce droit est souvent marqué par la présencediscrète d’une conception classique, c’est-à-dire gréco-romaine, du droit naturel, tant dans sa construction historique que dans l’application qu’enfait aujourd’hui le juge administratif dans les domaines les plus variés
Assessment of the performances of blood tests for the antemortem diagnosis of aspergillosis in wild or captive aquatic birds
No full textInternational audienceAbstract The antemortem diagnosis of aspergillosis in birds remains a complex challenge. A variety of diagnostic methods are currently available, including direct detection of Aspergillus components, antibody-based assays, and nonspecific markers such as serum protein electrophoresis (SPE), but their diagnostic performances remain limited. The objective of this study was to assess and compare the performances of several diagnostic approaches, specifically, galactomannan index measurement, beta-D-glucan assay, 3-hydroxybutyrate quantification, SPE, and mannoprotein detection tests. A secondary objective was to develop a predictive model of aspergillosis incorporating optimal test thresholds identified in the first phase, combined with clinical signs. A total of 101 serum and 31 plasma samples were collected from 118 aquatic bird of various species in France. Birds were classified into three categories: control individuals ( n = 88), suspected aspergillosis cases ( n = 7), and confirmed cases ( n = 23). While individually considered tests displayed limitations in specificity, predictive modeling revealed that elevated levels of 3-hydroxybutyrate above 0.52 mmol/L (Se = 96%, Sp = 51%) combined with beta-globulins above 6.90 g/L (Se = 78%, Sp = 51%), in conjunction with concurrent respiratory clinical signs, were significantly associated with the occurrence of aspergillosis. A multivariable logistic model combining these variables achieved excellent diagnostic performance, with AUCs up to 0.98 and sensitivity above 98%. These findings suggest that these parameters, particularly when considered alongside clinical signs, may serve as more reliable indicators for detecting aspergillosis in birds
Histoire des idées mobilistes : le modèle de Wegener
No full textInternational audience« Ce qui suit est une première tentative d’explication de l’origine des grands traits de l’écorce terrestre, c’est-à-dire les continents et les bassins océaniques, au moyen d’un seul principe global, à savoir la mobilité horizontale des blocs continentaux. Partout où nous avons jusqu’à présent laissé les liaisons terrestres s’enfoncer dans les profondeurs de la mer, nous supposerons désormais une séparation et une dérive des masses continentales. L’image que nous obtenons ainsi de la nature de notre croûte terrestre est nouvelle et, à bien des égards, paradoxale, mais elle n’est pas dépourvue de justification physique. » (Wegener 1912, „Die Entstehung der Kontinente“. Petermanns Geographische Mitteilungen, 58(I), 185)C’est par ces mots qu’en 1912 Alfred Wegener (1880-1930), météorologiste allemand, spécialiste de l’atmosphère et des régions polaires, introduit l’article dans lequel il expose sa théorie sur la formation des continents.Après avoir présenté le contexte théorique de la géologie dans lequel émerge la théorie de la dérive des continents, nous en verrons les caractéristiques ainsi que les arguments avancés par son auteur pour la défendre et l’installer dans les débats académiques. Nous aborderons enfin l’accueil qui lui est réservé par les géologues, entre rejet, intérêt et soutien
Contribution of grape-associated fungal species to the FMA defect on grapes and in musts
No full textInternational audienceAmong reported wine defects, the fresh mushroom aroma (FMA) off-odor has been linked to fungal volatile compounds (VOCs). However, the fungi causing this defect and the associated VOCs have not been fully elucidated, except for some reported FMA markers. Also, the biotic and abiotic factors impacting fungal growth and FMA production are poorly understood. Here, using a multidisciplinary approach combining predictive and classical mycology, sensorial and biochemical analyses, we determined growth patterns and VOCs profiles for 18 grape-associated fungal isolates, individually or in co-inoculation, on must media or Meunier grapes. FMA was primarily linked to Penicillium species, especially Penicillium crocicola with high intensity. On grapes, Botrytis cinerea co-inoculations with Penicillium bialowiezense or Penicllium citreonigrum led to detectable FMA off-odors and an increase in 3-octanol and 3-octanone FMA markers. Penicillium species competitively grew with Botrytis on grapes in comparison to other fungi, often leading to higher FMA perception. Fungal growth kinetics on must-based media were determined, and fastest growth rates were observed for Botrytis cinerea and Penicillium crocicola isolates although most fungi were able to grow in a wide range of conditions. Overall, our results pinpointed which individual and co-inoculated grape-associated fungi thrived on berries and in must conditions, and which combinations favored FMA off-odor production. This data can be used for better vineyard management practices and to anticipate potential conditions leading to FMA emergence in the future and in link with climate change and develop predictive tools for better vineyard management
The emergence of Green Budgeting in public organizations: The challenges of a new environmental performance control system
No full textInternational audienceGreen Budgeting is an important new tool for managing environmental performance in public organizations. Despite its growing popularity in recent years, particularly in Europe, few studies have focused on this tool in the field of administrative sciences. What is more, the term ‘Green Budgeting’ tends to cover a wide variety of practices in public organizations. In response to the current limitations of the academic literature, and to clarify the concept of Green Budgeting, our article examines the challenges of Green Budgeting and the choices that public organizations make when implementing this approach. Based on a literature review, two case studies, expert interviews and our participation in various Green Budgeting think-tank events, we identify and discuss three challenges arising from the design and one challenge arising from the use of this new environmental performance monitoring tool, and propose a framework for analysing promising Green Budgeting initiatives with a view to future research
The hidden side of the co-production of small-scale fishery policy instruments in Madagascar
No full textInternational audienceThe participation of stakeholders in the design of fisheries policy instruments has emerged worldwide as good governance practice. Their participation is expected to ensure that policies are context-specific, address local needs and ecological realities, and foster effective fishery management. We used an interdisciplinary perspective from policy science, institutional economics, and sociology to challenge this common view in least developed countries through a case study of mud crab export small-scale fisheries in Madagascar. In 2021–2023, we conducted semi-structured interviews with representatives of local communities, the fishing sector, environmental non-governmental organizations, research, and administrations to study the co-production process of policy instruments regulating fishing and market activities. The results showed that non-state stakeholders' participation was effective during the design, early development, and implementation phases of instrument production although local communities contributed less than other influencing stakeholders (non-governmental organizations, experts, and exporting companies) due to power asymmetries. However, the final content of most policy instruments was determined with limited participation while the decision-making process remained under the control of the central fisheries administration. The paper highlights the visible and hidden aspects of apparent inclusive governance of the fisheries. To develop sustainable and actionable solutions to wicked resource use problems in small-scale fisheries, efforts should extend beyond opportunistic consultation to ensure meaningful contribution of local and other non-state actors to decision-making through transparent institutions
