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Integrative medicine: what is it about?
No full textInternational audienceLa médecine intégrative (MI) se définit comme l’association à la médecine conventionnelle des thérapies complémentaires les mieux soutenues par des preuves scientifiques dans une indication et un parcours de soins donnés. Après avoir clarifié ces trois concepts, nous pointons que la MI tente de résoudre l’exclusion de certaines thérapies du champ conventionnel actuel et questionnons les acteurs et motifs de cette exclusion. Nous précisons les champs d’application et la structuration de la MI
Effects of Periodontal Therapy on Cardiovascular Risk Biomarkers: A Systematic Review.
No full textInternational audiencePurpose: Periodontal and cardiovascular diseases are prevalent chronic conditions sharing common pathogenic pathways involving bacterial translocation and systemic inflammation. This systematic review aimed to assess the impact of non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) on cardiovascular risk biomarkers, including endothelial function, systemic inflammation and thrombosis markers, and lipid and glucose metabolism, in patients with or without comorbidities.Materials and methods: A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Scopus databases, following preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and supplemented by manual searches. Eligible studies were published after 2010, written in English, and involved adult patients with moderate to severe periodontitis treated with NSPT. Risk of bias was assessed for all included studies.Results: Sixteen studies were included. NSPT was associated with a significant reduction in high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α), as well as with decreased HbA1c levels, particularly in patients with type 2 diabetes. Improvements in endothelial function were observed, notably a reduction in endothelial microparticles (EMPs), although results across vascular parameters such as flow-mediated dilation (FMD) and PWV were heterogeneous. Effects on lipid profiles were inconsistent and generally modest.Conclusion: NSPT shows moderate to high clinical relevance by improving key cardiovascular biomarkers especially inflammation and glycaemic control with both healthy and comorbid patients. These findings support the integration of periodontal care into cardiovascular risk mana-gement strategies, though further research is needed to confirm effects on lipid metabolism and vascular function
Comparing Modelling and Simulation Tools in Order to Face a Manufacturing-System Contest
No full textInternational audienceModern systems require effective modelling and simulation techniques for accurate analysis and informed decision making. Various approaches exist in order to tackle discrete event systems such as (i) formal methods e.g. automata or Petri Nets (PNs), which provide a formal graphical modelling approach [GK21] with formal proof of properties, (ii) numerical approaches e.g. the dioid algebraic framework [BRHB13] for analytical computations and performance evaluation (iii) and Discrete-Event Systems (DESs) simulation, to represent and simulate system behaviours over time [BW10] and enable to compute samples properties. While they all serve to model and analyse systems, they differ in the modelling process, abstraction level and output focus, making it difficult to determine which approach is the most suitable for the given requirements. This study compares their strengths and limitations using the Flexibacsystem of the contest called IMIC [KHBDC24] as our study case. Choosing a benchmark case is beneficial for comparing with others. This poster summary focuses specifically on the comparative insights derived from that experimental framework
L’utilisation des systèmes d'information géographique pour l’analyse spatiale des infrastructures hydrauliques dans le premier arrondissement de la commune d’Akanda au Nord de Libreville (Gabon)
No full textInternational audienceCet article examine la question de l'approvisionnement en eau des ménages provenant des eaux souterraines dans le 1er arrondissement d'Akanda (Gabon). L'objectif visé est d’inventorier et d'analyser la répartition spatiale des infrastructures hydrauliques en effectuant une typologie et une évaluation à l'aide de la cartographie thématique. La méthode employée repose exclusivement sur l'utilisation des données attributaires et spatiales, en utilisant le logiciel QGIS 3.28.13. Des zones tampons (buffer) ont été mises en place pour observer la répartition spatiale et visualiser la couverture spatiale des points d'eau. Elles sont une technique qui permet d’identifier les zones sous-équipées, ce qui a un impact positif sur l'accessibilité physique. Les résultats obtenus mettent en évidence que les équipements hydrauliques sont répartis de manière inégale dans le 1er arrondissement d'Akanda suivant la tendance de l’urbanisation rapide à laquelle il fait face. La partie Ouest est la moins desservie en ouvrages hydrauliques de la commune. Ces résultats mettent en évidence l'importance de la cartographie et en particulier du SIG dans la planification territoriale, le suivi et la gestion efficaces et durables des infrastructures hydrauliques. L'utilisation de cet outil peut contribuer à diminuer les difficultés d'approvisionnement en eau et renforcer l’aide à la décision pour la gestion des infrastructures hydrauliques dans le premier arrondissement d’Akanda
State Estimation using Extended Kalman Filter for Fractional Model Predictive Control of Fractional Chaotic Rössler Oscillator*
No full textInternational audienceIn this research, we propose a robust state estimation framework for a fractional-order Rössler system by implementing Fractional Model Predictive Control (FMPC) with Kalman filtering. The Gr ünwald-Letnikov (GL) characterization is employed to model the fractional dynamics due to its computational efficiency and ease of implementation, distinguishing it from the more commonly used Caputo and Riemann-Liouville characterizations. Our FMPC framework directly incorporates fractional-order models into the predictive control structure, thereby enhancing control precision and stability. Two scenarios are investigated: one where the state z is measured to infer x and y, and another where x and y are measured to estimate z. In this scenario, realistic conditions with Gaussian noise are considered for the control design. By leveraging the memory properties of fractional derivatives and employing a tailored Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) to ensure state retrieval, our simulations demonstrate that the integrated FMPC-EKF strategy reliably tracks and estimates all state variables under various noise profiles. These results underscore significant improvements in the robustness and accuracy of state estimation for nonlinear, chaotic systems, offering promising implications for practical applications in complex dynamic environments
Les sociétés du Bronze ancien atlantique du XXIVe au XVIIe s.a.C.: Actes du colloque international de l’APRAB, Rennes, Ille-et-Vilaine (16-18 novembre 2018)
No full textInternational audienceLe déploiement de l’archéologie préventive et les nouvelles approches méthodologiques (ADN et isotopes, modélisation bayésienne, LiDAR...) ont renouvelé très largement la documentation et les problématiques comme la question des mobilités ou des paysages du Bronze ancien autour de l’Arc atlantique et de ses périphéries. Un regard nouveau sur les corpus de données permet de proposer de nouvelles interprétations en termes de migration, d’intégration, de transferts de connaissances techniques et intellectuelles tout en faisant écho à des problématiques européennes contemporaines. Les processus de diffusions et d’interconnexions proposés dans les articles de synthèse illustrent parfaitement la complexité des changements matériels et idéels et leur impact sur les groupes culturels régionaux sur de grands territoires
Paix et positivisme
No full textInternational audienceEn philosophie, paix et guerre sont deux notions liées car la paix est pensée comme un principe qui ne se différencie pas catégoriquement de la guerre. L’objectif de la philosophie est de dépasser cet antagonisme en pensant que le souci de la paix revient à celui d’éviter la guerre. La paix est pensée comme une absence de guerre, ce qui implique de s’interroger sur la nature humaine, l’organisation des sociétés et du monde. Et le positivisme ne pense pas autrement ces notions antagonistes qui régissent les sociétés et leurs orientations politiques. La conception pacifique de l’humanité par l’extinction des guerres reste un des traits essentiels du positivisme. Mais, ne nous y trompons pas, ce pacifisme est un combat permanent, à la fois idéologique et politique dont la mission est d’éviter les guerres et plus spécifiquement les guerres de conquêtes
Strangeness enhancement at its extremes: multiple (multi-)strange hadron production in pp collisions at TeV
No full textInternational audienceThe probability to observe a specific number of strange and multi-strange hadrons (), denoted as , is measured by ALICE at midrapidity (|y|<0.5) in TeV proton-proton (pp) collisions, dividing events into several multiplicity-density classes. Exploiting a novel technique based on counting the number of strange-particle candidates event-by-event, this measurement allows one to extend the study of strangeness production beyond the mean of the distribution. This constitutes a new test bench for production mechanisms, probing events with a large imbalance between strange and non-strange content. The analysis of a large-statistics data sample makes it possible to extract up to a maximum of 7 for K, 5 for and , 4 for and , and 2 for and . From this, the probability of producing strange hadron multiplets per event is calculated, thereby enabling the extension of the study of strangeness enhancement to extreme situations where several strange quarks hadronize in a single event at midrapidity. Moreover, comparing hadron combinations with different and quark compositions and equal overall quark content, the contribution to the enhancement pattern coming from non-strangeness related mechanisms is isolated. The results are compared with state-of-the-art phenomenological models implemented in commonly used Monte Carlo event generators, including PYTHIA 8 Monash 2013, PYTHIA 8 with QCD-based Color Reconnection and Rope Hadronization (QCD-CR + Ropes), and EPOS LHC, which incorporates both partonic interactions and hydrodynamic evolution. These comparisons show that the new approach dramatically enhances the sensitivity to the different underlying physics mechanisms modeled by each generator
Prospects for geoneutrino detection with JUNO
No full textInternational audienceGeoneutrinos, which are antineutrinos emitted during the decay of long-lived radioactive elements inside Earth, serve as a unique tool for studying the composition and heat budget of our planet. The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) experiment in China, which has recently completed construction, is expected to collect a sample comparable in size to the entire existing world geoneutrino dataset in less than a year. This paper presents an updated estimation of sensitivity to geoneutrinos of JUNO using the best knowledge available to date about the experimental site, the surrounding nuclear reactors, the detector response uncertainties, and the constraints expected from the TAO satellite detector. To facilitate comparison with present and future geological models, our results cover a wide range of predicted signal strengths. Despite the significant background from reactor antineutrinos, the experiment will measure the total geoneutrino flux with a precision comparable to that of existing experiments within its first few years, ultimately achieving a world-leading precision of about 8% over ten years. The large statistics of JUNO will also allow separation of the Uranium-238 and Thorium-232 contributions with unprecedented precision, providing crucial constraints on models of formation and composition of Earth. Observation of the mantle signal above the lithospheric flux will be possible but challenging. For models with the highest predicted mantle concentrations of heat-producing elements, a 3-sigma detection over six years requires knowledge of the lithospheric flux to within 15%. Together with complementary measurements from other locations, the geoneutrino results of JUNO will offer cutting-edge, high-precision insights into the interior of Earth, of fundamental importance to both the geoscience and neutrino physics communities