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The Unification of Maghrebi Nationalism Under the Mission Civilisatrice, Analyzed in Contrast to Features of the Moroccan Independence Movement
No full textThe colonial, revolutionary, and post-colonial history of Northwest Africa is both complex and ever dynamic, owing to the innate complexity and dynamism of French imperialist ideology itself. From an unread perspective, the sociocultural and political features of Algeria, Tunisia, and Morocco appear essentially uniform in physical and social geography, language, religious practice and ideology (and subsequent association with the broader Arab-Muslim world), and in the ways French colonialism imparted French and European culture. As the Ottoman Empire decayed, the French invasion and seizure of Algiers in 1830 ignited the resurgence of French and the broader European fervor of imperialism, as France continued its protectorate sphere into Tunisia in 1881 and Morocco in 1912. The arrival, assimilation, and endurance of French culture, however, occurred and now persists in a distinct manner for each country, in accordance with the divergence of French colonial practices employed by the empire throughout its second colonial period. As will be further discussed, the parallel between the indigenous North African societies predating second-wave French imperialism and the varying French assimilationist tactics these societies were subjected to undoubtedly shaped the revolutionary bases of the independence movements of Algeria, Tunisia, and Morocco; the ultimate political, cultural, and ideological schisms between these countries and their respective “mode” of French imperialism resound into the present day, and in these developing nations one can see the broad implications of two worlds enduring intense social-political transience—the individual nation-states of the Maghreb and their former overseer France—colliding in the tradition of European colonialism.https://digitalcommons.jsu.edu/ce_jsustudentsymp_2024/1056/thumbnail.jp
Does the Lateral Extra-Articular Tenodesis Reduce Post-Surgical Rotational Instability with Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tears: A Critically Appraised Topic
No full textContext: Anterior cruciate ligament tears have become more common over the past 20-years, with an increase of 12 times the amount of surgical anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Athletic individuals are the most at risk for these injuries, as well as re-injury. The lateral extra-articular tenodesis is a surgical procedure that takes a piece of the iliotibial band, looping it under the lateral collateral ligament, and securing it at Gerdy’s tubercle. Therefore, the purpose of this critically appraised topic is to determine whether adding the lateral extra-articular tenodesis to an anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction will decrease the amount of rotational instability post-operation.
Methods: A computerized search was conducted in October 2023. The search terms used were “lateral extra-articular tenodesis,” “anterior cruciate ligament tears,” “rotational instability,” and “rotational instability post-operation.” Electronic databases used were Google Scholar, PubMed, and SportDiscus. Inclusion criteria included articles that were written after 2010 in the English language and articles about anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with the addition of the lateral extra-articular tenodesis. Exclusion criteria included studies with cadavers or individuals older than 60 years of age. Validity of the selected studies was determined using the PEDro scale and the COSORT checklist. One author independently reviewed the studies, scored each paper, and reviewed the completed appraisals to come to a consensus on the study quality.
Results: The literature search retrieved 5,300 total articles and 5,296 were excluded based on the exclusion criteria, resulting in four studies. All cited studies used the following special tests: Pivot Shift Test, Lachman Test, and patient-reported outcome measures to determine rotational instability. The results demonstrated that when using the Pivot Shift to assess rotational instability, the lateral extra-articular tenodesis decreased the amount of rotational instability post-operation with 81% of Pivot Shift tests being negative post-operation. When using patient-reported outcome measures, patients reported more pain with the lateral extra-articular tenodesis as compared to an isolated anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.
Conclusions: Patients who underwent an anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with the lateral extra-articular tenodesis demonstrated a decrease in rotational instability post-operatively. Applying this knowledge to the athletic training population can better assist athletic trainers to understand the positive attributes and the inclusion of the lateral extra-articular tenodesis surgical technique will allow athletic trainers to understand if their patient would or would not be a good candidate for the procedure.https://digitalcommons.jsu.edu/ce_jsustudentsymp_2024/1044/thumbnail.jp
The Developmental Effects of the Time and Duration of Exposure on Xenopus laevis Embryos by Sodium Selenate
No full textAmphibians play critical roles in the environment\u27s wellbeing. Selenium (Se) can be found in organic and inorganic forms in nature. Many different fertilizers, pesticides, insecticides, and fungicides have sodium selenate in them. The range selenium has between deficiency and toxicity is narrow, meaning excess exposure could cause various adverse effects in aquatic organisms. From previous experiments using Xenopus laevis embryos with sodium selenate after a 4-day exposure to 100 mg/L concentration had a 100% mortality rate that occurred at day 4. Xenopus laevis is a standard model for developmental toxicity due to being minimal maintenance, cost efficient, and having transparent embryos. The observation of mortality occurring suddenly on day 4 of the experiment lead to the question of why, was it accumulation of sodium selenate or possibly related to developmental stage. The objective in this study is to determine if accumulated exposure to sodium selenate or developmental timing was most important in explaining why mortality did not occur till day 4. This was investigated by exposing 4 petri dishes of 20 embryos each to 8 mls of 100 mg/L. Each set of 4 petri dishes contained either 100 mg/L Se and were exposed to 7 various times and exposure lengths and 1 set of negative controls. A single experiment used a total of 640 embryos. The experiment was repeated three times for a total of 1,920 embryos. For each experiment a different pair of frogs were used to account for genetic variation. Mortalities were counted for each day. Mortalities and malformations were counted on the last day of the assay and embryo length were measured. Results showed that embryos exposed for 48-96 hours perished. The time of development within the embryos that were exposed for 24 hours at a time played a role in mortality that occurred. Embryos that were exposed for 24 hours between days 2-3 and 3-4 were deceased and severely malformed. Malformations such as stunted growth, edemas, loose gut, hemorrhages, bent notochords, and kinked tails were seen throughout each experiment. Embryos that were exposed for 24 hours between days 0-1 and 1-2 barely showed any mortalities or malformations.
Overall, time of exposure / developmental stage seemed more important than duration for the developmental toxicity to Xenopus laevis. The sodium selenate impacted the embryos more at the 2-3;3-4 day exposure than the 0-1;1-2 day exposure. Future testing could pinpoint what part of the embryo is developing at certain times to determine what is being affected by the sodium selenate.https://digitalcommons.jsu.edu/ce_jsustudentsymp_2024/1028/thumbnail.jp
Optimizing Athletic Recovery: The Role of Nutrition and Supplements in Combatting Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage
No full textExercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) presents a significant impediment for athletes, manifesting as pain, soreness, inflammation, and diminished muscle functionality. While traditional recovery modalities such as massage, cryotherapy, and stretching offer varying degrees of relief, recent trends have gravitated towards nutritional and supplementation interventions as promising avenues to mitigate EIMD-related consequences. This exhaustive review categorizes these interventions based on their nutrient profiles, encompassing fruits, vegetables, herbs, amino acids, proteins, vitamins, and other dietary supplements, all posited to potentially attenuate EIMD symptoms and enhance muscle function across diverse demographic groups.
This assessment emphasizes the importance of addressing EIMD, which can significantly hamper athletic performance and compromise training integrity. Athletes, particularly those facing the demand for swift recovery post-intensive exercise, stand to gain from evidence-based nutritional and supplementation protocols. These approaches have been rigorously examined, yielding encouraging findings in reducing EIMD manifestations and bolstering muscle performance. Specific nutritional interventions exhibit substantial promise. Foods rich in antioxidants and long-term supplementation with agents like creatine, omega-3 fatty acids, and vitamin D3 have effectively alleviated EIMD symptoms. Nevertheless, the review acknowledges prevailing research voids, particularly highlighting the necessity for more inclusive studies involving female athletes to assess the effectiveness of diverse supplementation regimes thoroughly. Supplements such as pineapple-derived proteases, ginger, ginseng, curcumin, taurine, β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate, and caffeine are identified as meriting deeper exploration.
The study accentuates the significance of conducting holistic investigations into combined nutritional strategies and their influence on EIMD, positing that such research could unveil synergistic benefits and empower athletes to refine their recovery methodologies more effectively. Adopting nutritional strategies should be approached with prudence, mindful of potential adverse impacts on long-term training adaptations.
In summary, we tried to shed light on a spectrum of nutritional and supplementation strategies with potential efficacy in ameliorating symptoms associated with EIMD. Recognizing the multifaceted challenges confronting athletes, the review advocates for continued research to refine our understanding of optimal recovery protocols. This endeavor will substantially enrich the discourse on managing and preempting EIMD, fostering improved health and performance outcomes for athletes and physically active individuals.https://digitalcommons.jsu.edu/ce_jsustudentsymp_2024/1019/thumbnail.jp
An Evaluation of the Teach-Back Method for Training Functional Analysis Methodology
No full textBehavior analysts conduct functional analyses to identify the environmental contingencies maintaining challenging behavior, which allows them to develop a function-based treatment plan. Behavioral staff must be fully trained on functional analysis methodology before conducting the analysis. A common way to train staff to conduct a functional analysis is through behavioral skills training (BST), but BST is time consuming and includes numerous materials. Teach-back, a widely used training method in healthcare settings, requires less time and no materials. Currently, there is little research on the effectiveness of the teach-back method for teaching behavioral techniques, and there is no research on the teach-back method for teaching functional analysis methodology. To address this, we used a multiple baseline design to compare the effects of two training methods (written instructions and teach-back) on the percentage of functional analysis steps completed correctly across three different functional analysis conditions (play, attention, and escape). We included seven participants with a limited background in behavior analysis. One participant accurately conducted all three functional analysis conditions with the use of written instructions alone. One participant conducted the play and attention sessions using written instructions alone, but needed one teach-back session to learn the escape condition. Two participants conducted the play session correctly using only written instructions, while one session of teach-back was needed for these participants to learn the attention and escape conditions. Three participants did not acquire the skills needed to conduct any functional analysis conditions with written instructions but were able to display the skills after one or two sessions of teach-back. These results indicate that individuals with limited behavioral knowledge can be quickly taught functional analysis methodology using written instructions and teach-back.https://digitalcommons.jsu.edu/ce_jsustudentsymp_2024/1011/thumbnail.jp
The State of the Science: Wetland Degradation Worldwide and Its Effect on Herpetofauna Biodiversity
No full textWetlands are an important part of aquatic systems due to their natural filtration systems, Carbon sequestration, and their ability to provide habitat for thousands of species, including amphibians. Currently, only 50% of wetlands remain globally and are contributing to the globally unprecedented extinctions of amphibian populations, which are dwindling by 3.79% each year. In order for advancements in further conservation efforts, it is critical to compile a summary of existing information in relation to the link between wetlands and amphibian diversity. This will aid the identification of necessary studies to propel the field forward. Therefore, I evaluated research approaches in published, peer-reviewed papers to summarize the state of the science at a global scale. The methods included using keywords such as ‘wetland restoration’, ‘wetland biodiversity’, and ‘amphibian biodiversity’ to select papers that were subsequently compiled into categories. Wetlands were categorized by wetland type, size, health, and conservation, while amphibians were categorized by diversity indices, population size, and recruiting averages. First, I recorded dates of publication and large-scale geographical region, based on the scientific approaches used (survey, empirical-field, field-hypothesis testing, lab hypothesis-testing and modeling. I later found that most papers included information on wetland type, size, health, and conservation management with respect to wildlife diversity, including amphibians, due to them being excellent indicator species.https://digitalcommons.jsu.edu/ce_jsustudentsymp_2024/1007/thumbnail.jp
Exhibition Entry View
No full textExhibition Entrance view with all panels shown.https://digitalcommons.jsu.edu/etds_mfa_images/1024/thumbnail.jp
Design Citizen Third Insert (Unfolded Back)
No full textA flat view of the back of the third insert included within the Design Citizen bookhttps://digitalcommons.jsu.edu/etds_mfa_images/1064/thumbnail.jp
Design Citizen Book Inserts (Detail)
No full textA detail shot of the content from the Design Citizen book laid flat and mounted on a gallery wallhttps://digitalcommons.jsu.edu/etds_mfa_images/1071/thumbnail.jp
Design Citizen Deconstruction Walls 1
No full textTwo fully intact deconstruction walls on the left side of the galleryhttps://digitalcommons.jsu.edu/etds_mfa_images/1072/thumbnail.jp