Manisa Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Akademik Arşiv Sistemi
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Defining the Macroscopic and Microscopic Findings of Experimental Focal Brain Ischemia in Rats From a Forensic Scientist's Point of View
No full textApproximately 10% of all deaths in the world occur as a result Of stroke. Determination of the time schedule of the pathologic events in a stroke patient is invaluable for a forensic specialist. The aim of this study was to define the schedule of the macroscopic and microscopic changes that occurred in a rat model of permanent focal ischemia for providing useful clues for the evaluation of stroke patients. Male Wistar rats weighing 250 to 350 g were used in this study. Permanent focal brain ischemia was applied by the suture occlusion method. The animals were divided into 7 experimental groups (n = 6) with time schedules including 1.5, 3, 6, 12, 24, 72 hours, and the sham. Brains were harvested at the end of the determined time schedule. Lesions in the frontoparietal cortex were evaluated macroscopically first and later hematoxylin eosin stained sections from the infarct core were investigated microscopically. Macroscopically, enlargement of the ipsilateral hemisphere was mild at 6 hour, apparent at 12 and 24 hours, and mild again at 72 hours. Microscopically, ischemic changes were apparent even at 1.5 hour. Red neurons and infiltration of the parenchyma with neutrophil leukocytes were observed at 12 hours. Pannecrosis and massive leukocyte infiltration were observed at 72 hours. Macroscopic and microscopic findings obtained from a rat model may provide clues for determination of the time-dependent changes due to brain ischemia in human subjects. Finally, the benefits of determination of time course of pathologic changes in the brain for forensic scientists were discussed
Therapeutic Hotline: Treatment of prurigo nodularis and lichen simplex chronicus with gabapentin
No full textPsychocutaneous conditions are frequently encountered in dermatology practice. Prurigo nodularis and lichen simplex chronicus are two frustrating conditions that are classified in this category. They are often refractory to classical treatment with topical corticosteroids and antihistamines. Severe, generalized exacerbations require systemic therapy. Phototherapy, erythromycine, retinoids, cyclosporine, azathiopurine, naltrexone, and psychopharmacologic agents (pimozide, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor antidepressants) were tried with some success. Here five cases with lichen simplex chronicus and four cases with prurigo nodularis, who responded well to gabapentin, are presented
Effect of sandblasting and aging on structural and mechanical properties of Inconel 625 coated steels for marine applications
No full textIn present study, the Inconel 625 alloy was coated using TIG welding method, and the coating was subjected to sandblasting and artificial aging. The coating samples were examined by wear and corrosion tests to evaluate their performance in marine applications. The study characterized different sample groups for the purposes of coating steel samples, coating surfaces by deformation, applying aging processes, and observing the combined effects of aging and deformation. Wet-sliding wear and corrosion tests were conducted in 3.5wt.% NaCl solution. The presence of compressive stresses resulting from sandblasting and aging led to microstructural changes, while formation of δ, γ′, γ″ phases and complex carbides contributed to increased wear and corrosion resistance. Deformation supported the precipitation of γ′, γ″ phases and carbides. Aging increased the hardness by 30%, whereas the sandblasting process doubled up the hardness of as-deposited coating. Maximum corrosion resistance was obtained in the aged sample without applying sandblasting. © 2025 the author(s), published by De Gruyter, Berlin/Boston
Effects of low-dose combination therapy with an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor and a diuretic on flow-mediated vasodilation in hypertensive patients: A 6-month, single-center study
No full textBackground: Combination therapy with an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor and a diuretic has been shown to be highly effective in hypertension. Clinical trials have demonstrated that ACE inhibitors may improve endothelial cell dysfunction in hypertension. However, the effectiveness of the combination treatment in endothelial cell dysfunction is unknown. Objective: This study investigated the effects of a new low-dose combination, perindopril 2 mg plus indapamide 0.625 mg, on brachial artery flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD) and left ventricular diastolic function in hypertension. Methods: Patients aged 18 to 75 with newly diagnosed stage I or II hypertension were eligible. Endothelium-dependent brachial artery FMD and endothelium-independent vasodilation were assessed at baseline. Patients were treated with oral perindopril 2 mg plus indapamide 0.625-mg tablets once daily for 6 months. FMD measurements were then repeated. Percentage changes in FMD from baseline to 6 months, as well as left ventricular diastolic function parameters (isovolumic relaxation time [IVRT] and mitral diastolic E-wave deceleration time [EDT]), indicated the effectiveness of the intervention. Results: Twenty-nine Turkish patients were enrolled (17 women, 12 men; mean [SD] age, 54.5 [9.5] years [range, 38-75 years]). The mean (SD) baseline FMD was 7.00% (2.39%) (endothelial cell dysfunction) and increased significantly to 8.68% (2.78%) at 6 months (P = 0.02); FMD improved in 15 patients (51.7%). At baseline and 6 months of therapy, mean (SD) IVRT was 101.7 (12.4) ms and 95.5 (7.7) ms, respectively (P < 0.001), and EDT was 234.7 (33.9) ms and 217.9 (25.6) ms, respectively (P < 0.001). Conclusions: In this small sample of hypertensive patients, a low-dose combination ACE inhibitor and diuretic significantly improved brachial artery FMD and left ventricular diastolic function. The improvement in FMD values was independent of the stage of hypertension. These findings suggest a relationship between improvement in endothelial cell function and diastolic function. Copyright (C) 2003 Excerpta Medica, Inc
Effects of Efflux Pump Inhibitors and Antileishmanial Drug Combinations on Leishmania tropica and Leishmania infantum Isolates; [Dışa Atım Pompa İnhibitörleri ve Antilayşmanyal İlaç Kombinasyonlarının Leishmania tropica ve Leishmania infantum İzolatlarına Etkisi]
No full textDrug resistance, one of the most important public health problems facing humanity, necessitates new strategies and approaches in the development of antileishmanial agents. Although developments regarding efflux pump inhibitors (EPIs) and other candidate agents are promising, the search continues to increase the duration of use and efficacy of existing antileishmanials. The aim of this study was to investigate the antileishmanial effects of three EPIs, namely reserpine, berberine and verapamil. The antileishmanial activities of EPIs, pentostam and miltefosine against Leishmania tropica and Leishmania infantum strains were determined by broth microdilution method. Minimum parasiticidal concentration (MPC) values were determined by inverted microscope and IC50 values were determined by MTT viability assay method. The effects of EPIs with determined antileishmanial activities on miltefosine and pentostam were investigated by checkerboard method. The MPC values of antileishmanial drugs miltefosine and pentostam for L.tropica and L.infantum were determined as 64 and 196 µg/mL at 24 and 48 hours, respectively. The MPC values of EPIs reserpine and berberine were determined as 314 and 64 µg/mL for the same incubation times and for verapamil, they were determined as 80 µg/mL at 24 hours and 40 µg/mL at 48 hours. Among anti-leishmanials, the IC50 values of miltefosine were calculated as 4.91/3.47 and 4.05/2.91 µg/mL for L.tropica and L.infantum at 24 and 48 hours, respectively and that of pentostam were calculated as 34.58/59.86 and 18.48/40.63 µg/mL at the same incubation times, respectively.The IC50 values of EPIs, reserpine, berberine, and verapamil were calculated as 74.05/50.61, 7.27/6.1, and 12.52/4.53 µg/mL for L.tropica at 24/48 hours, respectively and 64.52/51.72, 8.21/8.01, and 11.59/7.69 µg/mL for L.infantum. When miltefosine was combined with reserpine, berberine or verapamil, synergistic interactions were observed at 24 and 48 hours of incubation. When pentostam was combined with reserpine, partial synergy was observed at 24 hours and synergy was observed at 48 hours. When pentostam was combined with berberine or verapamil, synergistic interactions were observed at both incubation conditions. Synergy results were found to be the same in both L.tropica and L.infantum strains. In recent years, the speed of research on the discovery of new antimicrobials has significantly decreased and it has become necessary to investigate new molecules that can affect resistance mechanisms. It is thought that EPIs may be a promising approach that can increase the clinical performance of antileishmanial agents and reduce the level of side effects in the fight against drug resistance. © 2025 Ankara Microbiology Society. All rights reserved
Response to the 'correspondence' from Kleebayoon & Wiwanitkit the effect of COVID-19 vaccinations on menstrual cycle and serum anti-Mullerian hormone levels in reproductive age women
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The Performance of Symbolic Limited Optimal Discrete Controller Synthesis in the Control and Path Planning of the Quadcopter
No full textIn recent years, quadcopter-type unmanned aerial vehicles have been preferred in many engineering applications. Because of its nonlinear dynamic model that makes it hard to create optimal control, quadcopter control is one of the main focuses of control engineering and has been studied by many researchers. A quadcopter has six degrees of freedom movement capability and multi-input multi-output structure in its dynamic model. The full nonlinear model of the quadcopter is derived using the results of the experimental studies in the literature. In this study, the control of the quadcopter is realized using the symbolic limited optimal discrete controller synthesis (S-DCS) method. The attitude, altitude, and horizontal movement control of the quadcopter are carried out. To validate the success of the SDCS controller, the control of the quadcopter is realized with fractional order proportional-integral-derivative (FOPID) controllers. The parameters of the FOPID controllers are calculated using Fire Hawk Optimizer, Flying Fox Optimization Algorithm, and Puma Optimizer, which are recently developed meta-heuristic (MH) algorithms. The performance of the S-DCS controller is compared with the performance of the optimal FOPID controllers. In the path planning part of this study, the optimal path planning performances of the SDCS method and the MH algorithms are tested and compared. The optimal solution of the traveling salesman problem (TSP) for a single quadcopter and min-max TSP with multiple depots for multi quadcopters are obtained. The methods and the cases that optimize the dynamic behavior and the path planning of the quadcopter are investigated and determined
Antineuronal antibodies and 8-OHdG an indicator of cerebellar dysfunction in autism spectrum disorder: a case?control study
No full textObjectives: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder, that starts in early childhood and presents with deficiencies in social-communicational domains along with restricted and repetitive behaviours/interests. While genetic factors are dominant in its pathogenesis, many factors, including neurological, environmental and immunological have been identified. Furtheremore, although cerebellar dysfunction in the etiology of autism has been shown in different studies, the possible causes of the dysfunction and the role of neuroinflammation among these causes have not been clarified yet. Anti-Yo, anti-Hu, anti-Ri and anti-Amphiphysin antibodies have been found to be associated with cerebellar degeneration. The aim of the present study was to compare anti-Yo, anti-Hu, anti-Ri and anti- Amphiphysin antibodies and 8-OHdG values in blood using the ELISA method between ASD patients and healthy children to demonstrate the role of neuroinflammation as a potential cause of cerebellar dysfunction and DNA damage and evaluate the relationship between Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) scores in children diagnosed with ASD and these parameters. Methods: Thirty-five consecutive children between the ages of 3 and 12 referred to the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Outpatient Clinic of Harran University Hospital and diagnosed with ASD according to the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria were included in the study. The children did not have any chronic physical disorders and were treatment naive. Thirty-three healthy children between the ages of 3 and 12 without any physical or psychiatric disorders were included as the healthy control group. For psychiatric evaluation, a sociodemographic form and to measure the severity of autism, CARS was used. In the study, anti-Yo, anti-Hu, anti-Ri and anti-Amphiphysin antibodies and 8-OHdG values in blood were investigated using the ELISA method. Results: Thirty-five cases with autism (62.9% males) and thirty-three healthy controls (72.7% males) were included in the present study (p?=?0.385). The median age was 6.0 in the ASD group and 7.0 in the control group (p?=?0.146). Among ASD patients, anti-Ri antibody positivity was detected, while no anti-Ri antibody positivity was found in the control group (p?=?0.002). In the ASD group, the anti-Hu and 8-OHdG values were found to be significantly higher than those of the controls (p
Effect of Shot Peening on Residual Stress Distribution and Microstructure Evolution of Artificially Defected 50CrV4 Steel
No full textThe aim of this paper is to clarify the effects of shot peening on fatigue life and strain hardening behavior of spring steel samples containing artificial surface defect. Artificial defect acting as pre-cracks is introduced and the effects of this defect on the material surface and the distribution of residual stress away from the defect are investigated before and after shot peening. Shot peening has provided the following modifications on the surface: (1) homogenous compressive residual stress, (2) high dislocation density, (3) superficial strain hardening, (4) retained austenite reduction. In this paper, shot peening is applied to 50CrV4 steel and its effect on surface roughness, microhardness, surface residual stress, crystallite size and dislocation density calculation is determined and SEM observations are used to reveal the properties severely strain-hardened layer. It can be shown that the shot peening can modify the crystallite size, however, the main effect is achieved by increasing the dislocation density and inducing the highly compressive residual stress. The effect of the surface modification to the 3-point bending fatigue life are analyzed