HAL-UNICE
Not a member yet
30584 research outputs found
Sort by
A filtered bucket-clustering method for Projection onto the Simplex and the l1 ball
No full textNational audienc
La politique de la liberté selon Hannah Arendt et la démocratie à vocation giaminisante
No full textThe objective of this essay is to examine the philosophical approach to freedom as developed in the works of Hannah Arendt. According to that writer, freedom is the purpose of politics. The Arendt analysis exposes both the traditional blindness of philosophy concerning freedom, and the blockages facing modern political science and law in their attempt to define freedom as sovereignty. In considering the human condition through the words and actions which bring people together, Hannah Arendt reveals the public space of the active majority, demanding an understanding of political sense and social interaction. This analysis of the conditions of power has led us to bring out the flaws in political power in Africa, the contradictions between the founding revolutionary spirit and the political excesses of African leaders. By making a mockery of the status of African citizens, African leaders betray the very foundation of democratic power. In the hope of restoring to African citizens their power as major political actors, we propose a new democratic approach which we have called giaminising. This theory looks for and establishes the conditions and strategies of a democracy capable of affirming the pre-eminence of the citizen as political actor, and this before making him or her the subject of rights.Cet essai a pour objectif de s'interroger sur l'approche philosophique de la liberté développée au travers des travaux d'Hannah Arendt. Selon cette auteure, la liberté est la raison d’être du politique. L’analyse arendtienne dénonce, à la fois l’aveuglement traditionnel de la philosophie à l’égard de la liberté et les impasses des sciences politiques et juridiques modernes dans leur tentative de définir la liberté comme souveraineté. En saisissant la condition humaine par la parole et l'action qui mettent en rapport les hommes, Hannah Arendt découvre, l’espace public de la pluralité agissante, exigence d’une compréhension du sens politique et de la convivance. Cette analyse des conditions du pouvoir nous a amené à mettre en évidence les failles du pouvoir politique en Afrique, les contradictions entre l'esprit fondateur des révolutions et la démesure de l'action politique des dirigeants africains. En bafouant le statut du citoyen en tant qu'acteur politique majeur, les dirigeants africains trahissent le fondement même de tout pouvoir démocratique. Dans l'espoir de restituer au citoyen africain son pouvoir d'acteur politique majeur, nous proposons une nouvelle approche démocratique que nous nommons giaminisante. Cette théorie recherche et établit les conditions et stratégies d’une démocratie à pouvoir fort, capable de rendre effective la prééminence du citoyen comme acteur politique, avant de le qualifier comme sujet de droits
You'll Never Tweet Alone Building Sports Match Timelines from Microblog Posts
No full textInternational audienceIn this paper, we propose an approach to build a timeline with actions in a sports game based on tweets. We combine information provided by external knowledge bases to enrich the content of the tweets, and apply graph theory to model relations between actions and participants in a game. We demonstrate the validity of our approach using tweets collected during the EURO 2016 Championship and evaluate the output against live summaries produced by sports channels
Towards Proving Optimistic Multicore Schedulers
No full textInternational audienceOperating systems have been shown to waste machine resources by leaving cores idle while work is ready to be scheduled. This results in suboptimal performance for user applications, and wasted power. Recent progress in formal verification methods have led to operating systems being proven safe, but operating systems have yet to be proven free of performance bottlenecks. In this paper we instigate the first effort in proving performance properties of operating systems by designing a mul-ticore scheduler that is proven to be work-conserving
Sulfur diagenesis under rapid accumulation of organic-rich sediments in a marine mangrove from Guadeloupe (French West Indies)
No full textInternational audienceThe biogeochemistry of sulfur and carbon during early-diagenetic processes within organic-rich marine mangrove sediments was studied in the “Manche à Eau” lagoon, Guadeloupe, West Indies. These sediments are characterized by a total organic carbon content (TOC) mostly above 11 wt%, δ13CTOC below − 25‰ VPDB and C/Nmolar ratios exceeding 15. Rates of mangrove-derived organic carbon accumulation vary between ~ 200 and 400 gOC·m− 2·yr− 1, with highest rates at the shore of the lagoon. On the lagoon border, where colorless filamentous sulfur-oxidizing bacteria colonize the sediments, active sulfate reduction within the upper 20 cm, with a net removal rate of ~ 0.5 μmol·cm− 3·d− 1, is assumed to be essentially driven by organic carbon oxidation. This is expressed by relatively low apparent sulfur isotope fractionation (34εnet = − 33‰) and a gentle δ18O/δ34Ssulfate apparent slope of 0.36 ± 0.03 (2s). Further inside the lagoon, in the absence of sulfur-oxidizing bacteria, higher apparent sulfur isotope fractionation and a steeper δ18O/δ34Ssulfate slope (0.67 ± 0.20) suggest an overall lower sulfate removal rate that may be coupled to minor sulfur disproportionation. Spatial and vertical variation in sulfur cycling, reflected by oxygen and sulfur isotopic characteristics, seem to be mainly controlled by unsteady to relatively steady organic matter deposition and its reactivity. In all sediments, δ34S values of pyrite are positively correlated with the TOC/TS ratio and negatively correlated with δ13CTOC; suggesting a primary control of the quantity and quality of organic matter on the pyrite isotope records, despite potential iron-limiting conditions for the most active sites. Our results provide insights into the role of organic carbon input on sulfur cycling; stimulating sulfate reduction and in turn the presence of sulfur-oxidizing microbial mats, resulting in an intense cycling of both carbon and sulfur in these marine mangrove sediments
A Quantile Mapping Bias Correction Method Based on Hydroclimatic Classification of the Guiana Shield
No full textInternational audienceSatellite precipitation products (SPPs) provide alternative precipitation data for regions with sparse rain gauge measurements. However, SPPs are subject to different types of error that need correction. Most SPP bias correction methods use the statistical properties of the rain gauge data to adjust the corresponding SPP data. The statistical adjustment does not make it possible to correct the pixels of SPP data for which there is no rain gauge data. The solution proposed in this article is to correct the daily SPP data for the Guiana Shield using a novel two set approach, without taking into account the daily gauge data of the pixel to be corrected, but the daily gauge data from surrounding pixels. In this case, a spatial analysis must be involved. The first step defines hydroclimatic areas using a spatial classification that considers precipitation data with the same temporal distributions. The second step uses the Quantile Mapping bias correction method to correct the daily SPP data contained within each hydroclimatic area. We validate the results by comparing the corrected SPP data and daily rain gauge measurements using relative RMSE and relative bias statistical errors. The results show that analysis scale variation reduces rBIAS and rRMSE significantly. The spatial classification avoids mixing rainfall data with different temporal characteristics in each hydroclimatic area, and the defined bias correction parameters are more realistic and appropriate. This study demonstrates that hydroclimatic classification is relevant for implementing bias correction methods at the local scale
Non-isothermal Compositional Two-Phase Darcy Flow: Formulation and Outflow Boundary Condition
No full textInternational audienceThis article deals with the modelling and formulation of compositional gasliquid Darcy flow. Our model includes an advanced boundary condition at the interface between the porous medium and the atmosphere accounting for convective mass and energy transfer, liquid evaporation, and liquid outflow. The formulation is based on a fixed set of unknowns whatever the set of present phases. The thermodynamical equilibrium is expressed as complementary constraints. The model and its formulation are applied to the simulation of the Bouillante high energy geothermal field in Guadeloupe characterized by a high temperature closed to the surface
Étude du comportement post-rupture de versants instables par l’observation et l’instrumentation
No full textGravity processes occur at many scales of time and space in the evolution of landforms’ morphology. Their understanding is subtle and complex and it is fundamental to consider the management of the risks associated with these destructive phenomena. Indeed, the intrinsic characteristics of the studied slopes are specific and the external factors acting on the dynamics of the destabilization present a wide range of temporalities and intensities. In order to understand how these forcings influence the behavior of slope instabilities, a systemic approach has been adopted in this work to put into perspective all the processes involved in the temporal evolution of their behaviors. Through two study cases located in the Alpes Maritimes (La Clapière at Saint-Etienne-de-Tinée and the Prat de Julian at Vence, France), real natural observatories with several years of multi-parameter monitoring, we were able to clarify the ability of instrumental observation to determine key behavioral parameters controlling the dynamic evolution of unstable slopes. Multivariate analyzes integrating the surface (displacements, deformations, disturbances) and internal state (groundwater level, electrical resistivity of the subsurface) allowed to quantify the links between the behavioral state of the studied slope and the meteorological contributions. This work finally highlights the importance of multi-parameter observational studies in the development of descriptive and predictive models, as well as the alert systems associated with these major risks.Les processus gravitaires dans l’évolution de la morphologie des reliefs se produisent à de nombreuses échelles de temps et d’espace. Leur compréhension, fondamentale pour envisager la gestion des risques associés à ces phénomènes destructeurs, est subtile et complexe. En effet, les caractéristiques intrinsèques aux versants étudiés sont spécifiques et les facteurs externes agissant sur la dynamique de la déstabilisation présentent des temporalités et des intensités très variées. Afin de comprendre comment ces forçages influencent le comportement des instabilités de versant, une approche systémique a été adoptée dans ce travail pour mettre en perspective l’ensemble des processus en jeu dans l’évolution temporelle de leurs comportements. A travers deux cas d’étude situés dans les Alpes Maritimes (La Clapière à Saint-Etienne-de-Tinée et le Prat de Julian à Vence), véritables observatoires naturels disposant de plusieurs années de suivi multi-paramètres, la faculté de l’observation instrumentale à déterminer des paramètres comportementaux clés contrôlant l’évolution dynamique des versants instables a été explicitée. Des analyses multivariées intégrant l’état de surface (déplacements, déformations, perturbations) et interne (niveau piézométrique, résistivité électrique de la subsurface) ont permis de quantifier les liens entre l’état comportemental du versant étudié et les contributions météorologiques. Ce travail met finalement en avant l’importance des études observationnelles multi-paramètres dans l’élaboration des modèles descriptifs et prédictifs, ainsi que les systèmes d’alerte associés à ces risques majeurs
Professions réglementées du droit et aiguillon concurrentiel
No full textInternational audienceLa réglementation appliquée à certaines professions est plus souvent analysée sous le prisme d'une protection indue contre la concurrence que sous celui de la défense de l'intérêt général, i.e. de la prévention d'une défaillance de marché. Dans le cadre de la réforme de la réglementation applicable à certaines professions du droit inaugurée en France par la loi Macron d'août 2015, nous interrogeons le cadre réglementaire initial avant de nous attacher aux impacts possibles sur les prix et sur la qualité du service rendu de la réforme en cours
