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Prioritized Norms in Formal Argumentation
No full text24 pages,7 figures, Revised version submitted to DEON2016 special issue for the Journal of Logic and Computation on September 10th, 2017To resolve conflicts among norms,various nonmonotonic formalisms can be used to perform prioritized normative reasoning. Meanwhile, formal argumentation provides a way to represent nonmonotonic logics. In this paper, we propose a representation of prioritized normative reasoning by argumentation. Using hierarchical abstract normative systems, we define three kinds of prioritized normative reasoning approaches, called Greedy, Reduction, and Optimization. Then, after formulating an argumentation theory for a hierarchical abstract normative system, we show that for a totally ordered hierarchical abstract normative system, Greedy and Reduction can be represented in argumentation by applying the weakest link and the last link principles respectively, and Optimization can be represented by introducing additional defeats capturing implicit conflicts between arguments
Modelling collective axon growth from in vivo data reveals the importance of physical axon-axon interactions
No full textInternational audienceNeurite extension is essential to establish complex neuronal circuits during brain development. Neurons extend their axons in a crowded environment to reach target territories and connect to specific partners. Much work has been performed on cultured isolated neurons, focusing on the response of axon growing ends to chemical guidance cues. However, the cellular mechanisms involved in the growth of axon groups in their natural environment (the brain), are still poorly understood. Our objective is to shed light on collective axon growth and branching processes in a complex environment, considering axon-axon mechanical interactions. To do so, we propose a simple mathematical model for axonal elongation that we simulate embedded in a realistic environment
Estimation and Removal of T Wave Component in Atrial Flutter ECG to Aid Non-Invasive Localization of Ectopic Source
No full textInternational audienceThe use of the ECG as a diagnostic tool for analyzing supraventricular arrhythmia avoids invasive procedures prior to clinical intervention. Analysis of atrial activity may indicate properties of the underlying arrhythmia. In atrial flutter, there is a high synchroneity between atrial and ventricular activity. Statistical and classical separation methods are unlikely to work due to this dependency, impeding the extraction of the atrial activity. We propose a method using least square polynomial estimation to model the T wave component and subtract it from overlapped f-waves. After pre-processing, an initial f-wave was carefully segmented, representing pure atrial activity. Subsequent f-waves were detected and corrected by subtracting the T wave, modeled as a sum of weighted polyno-mials which minimize the least square error. To evaluate the method, VCG loops were obtained using the inverse Dower transform. Loop parameters were obtained from eigenvectors and eigenvalues issued from PCA. Using degree K = 3 polynomials allowed recovery of overlapped f-waves with significant improvement in 3 of 4 parameters (p < 0.05). f-waves overlapped by T waves can thus successfully be recovered using this method with better performance with the parameters considered
Soft-proton exchange on magnesium-oxide-doped substrates: A route toward efficient and power-resistant nonlinear converters
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Emergence of chaos in a viscous solution of rods
No full textInternational audienceIt is shown that the addition of small amounts of microscopic rods in a viscous uid at low Reynolds number causes a significant increase of the flow resistance. Numerical simulations of the dynamics of the solution reveal that this phenomenon is associated to a transition from laminar to chaotic ow. Polymer stresses give rise to flow instabilities which, in turn, perturb the alignment of the rods. This coupled dynamics results in the activation of a wide range of scales, which enhancesthe mixing efficiency of viscous flows
The COQ2 genotype predicts the severity of coenzyme Q 10 deficiency
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KPPF: Keypoint-based Point-Pair-Feature for scalable automatic global registration of large RGB-D scans
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Grid spanners with low forwarding index for energy efficient networks
No full textInternational audienceA routing R of a connected graph G is a collection that contains simple paths connecting every ordered pair of vertices in G. The edge-forwarding index with respect to R (or simply the forwarding index with respect to of G is the maximum number of paths in R passing through any edge of G. The forwarding index of G is the minimum over all routings R's of G. This parameter has been studied for different graph classes (1), (2), (3), (4). Motivated by energy efficiency, we look, for different numbers of edges, at the best spanning graphs of a square grid, namely those with a low forwarding index
Analyse multi-paramétrique des voix de paralysie laryngée unilatérale
No full textIntroduction : L’évaluation de la qualité de la voix est un enjeu important pour la laryngo-phoniatrie dans le but de valider la pertinence et l’efficacité des traitements proposés qu’il s’agisse de la rééducation ou de la phonochirurgie. Le comité de phoniatrie de l’European Laryngological Society (ELS) a défini un protocole minimum sous l’autorité de Dejonckere. Cependant l’ELS entreprend actuellement une série de consultations dans le but de mettre à jour ce protocole qui a maintenant 15 ans. Notre travail s’inscrit dans cette perspective visant à repenser et à refonder les éléments du bilan d’évaluation de la voix. Il a été décidé d’étudier dans un premier temps à un groupe de pathologie le plus homogène possible sur le plan du fonctionnement glottique et le choix s’est porté sur les paralysies laryngées unilatérales (PLU).<br>Objectifs : Les données objectives sont-elles corrélées aux grades perceptifs dans le cadre des PLU ? Les données objectives caractérisant la fuite glottique sont-elles corrélées entre elles et quelle information tirer de cette corrélation ? Est-il possible de déterminer plusieurs « profils vocaux » sur la base des informations obtenues et quelles informations pratiques en tirer dans la prise en charge de nos patients.<br>Méthode : Notre étude est une étude rétrospective menée d’octobre 2012 à mai 2016 à l’Hôpital de la Conception à Marseille. 153 patients atteints de PLU de plus de 18 ans ont été inclus (75 hommes et 78 femmes). La moyenne d’âge était de 60 ans. Nous avons réalisé une étude stroboscopique du fonctionnement des cordes vocales, une analyse subjective du patient sur sa voix par le VHI, une analyse subjective par le praticien de la qualité de la voix (échelle GRB), une analyse acoustique avec simultanément l’analyse de l’instabilité fréquentielle (jitter) et du HNR, une analyse aérodynamique avec la mesure du TMP, DAB, PSG.<br>Résultats et perspectives : L’étude de la corrélation entre données objectives et grades perceptifs, dans le cadre des PLU, montre que le grade B est le Gold Standard dans ce type de pathologie. L’analyse des corrélations entre DAB/TMP et Sr>1kHz montre qu’il n’y a peu d’intérêt des scores composites dans le sens où chaque paramètre qualifiant la fuite glottique doit être étudié de façon indépendante du fait qu’ils apportent des informations différentes et complémentaires sur la pathologie vocale. La suite de ce travail serait d’inclure des voix post traitement afin d’apprécier si l’association des mesures objectives peut aussi être capable d’apprécier le résultat vocal après traitement, d’extrapoler ces observations à d’autres groupes de pathologies vocales et d’élaborer des profils vocaux qui pourront aider le praticien à la prise de décision thérapeutique afin d’aider au mieux son patient : orthophonie, chirurgie, abstinence thérapeutique
Non-linear MHD simulations of QH-mode DIII-D plasmas and implications for ITER high Q scenarios
No full textInternational audienceIn nonlinear MHD simulations of DIII-D QH-mode plasmas it has been found that low n kink/peeling modes (KPMs) are unstable and grow to a saturated external kink mode. The features of the dominant saturated KPMs, which are localized toroidally by non-linear coupling of harmonics, such as mode frequencies, density fluctuations and their effect on pedestal particle and energy transport, are in good agreement with the observations of the Edge Harmonic Oscillation (EHO) typically present in DIII-D QH-mode experiments. The non-linear evolution of MHD modes with toroidal mode numbers n from 0 to 10, including both kink-peeling modes and ballooning modes, is investigated through MHD simulations by varying the pedestal current and pressure relative to the initial conditions of DIII-D QH-mode plasma. The edge current and pressure at the pedestal are key parameters for the plasma either saturating to a QH-mode regime or a ballooning mode dominant regime. The influence of E×B flow and its shears on QH-mode plasma has been investigated. The behavior of QH-mode with different flow shear shows E×B rotation has strong stabilization effects on the medium to high-n modes but destabilizing for n=2. The QH-mode extrapolation results of an ITER Q=10 plasma show that the pedestal currents are large enough to destabilize an n=1-5 kink/peeling mode, leading to a saturated kink-peeling mode