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Power Loss Determination, Assessment and Enhancement of the Nigerian Power System Network
Get PDFFor sustainability to be recorded in the Nigeria power sector (NPS), there must be a well-integrated system that is not easily prone to failure and is readily available when called into action. The NPS has overtime suffered from degraded infrastructure, policy paralysis to mention but few. However, if the needful is done with respect to identifying weak links in the network and a corresponding fast action in clearing failures along the line(s) then, some remarkable achievements could be recorded. This paper, therefore, carried out power flow analysis using the Newton Raphson Algorithm on the Electrical Transient Analyser Program (ETAP) version 12.6 on the NPS network using Maryland transmission station (MTS), Lagos, Nigeria as a case study. The choice of the location was as a result of the sensitivity of Lagos State in the economic activities of Nigeria. Results from the load flow indicated several voltage violations at load1 bus, load3 bus and load5 bus with magnitudes of 94.51, 94.91 and 94.79 % respectively. Consequently, transformers designated as T2A and T3A were said to have the highest and lowest branch losses of 150.0kW and 18.2kW respectively. Compensation of the losses along the line was carried out using optimal capacitor placement (OCP) subjected to constraints on the ETAP environment. The results from the OCP showed that it optimally sized and placed four capacitor banks on four of the candidate buses, which include load1 bus, load2 bus, load3 bus and load5 bus. An improvement of 2.26%, 1.12%, 1.93%, 1.12% and 2.006% were recorded for load1 bus, load2 bus, load3 bus, load4 bus and load5 bus respectively
Robust Stabilisation of Reformer Coupled Tanks
Get PDFDiesel plays a significant role in the energy consumption in most developing countries. It serves as a source of power for the transportation, agricultural and industrial sectors. Diesel is one of the product of the petroleum, being utilised in all types of compression ignition engines as fuel. Hence, the need for reformer tank to manage proper waste is needed to avoid economical loss and environmental damage. The utilisation of reformer tanks in the management of waste energy is of economic and environmental advantage to the nation. This paper presents the use of feedback linearization and back-stepping methods to control the nonlinear reformers tanks in order to achieve robust control and stabilisation of the diesel. The model was transformed to a motion control model and the efficiency of the suggested algorithm was tested. The result showed that the back-stepping controller design is satisfactory not only for the tracking performance but also for the determination of the stability region