Research & Innovation Initiative Journals
Not a member yet
234 research outputs found
Sort by
An Evaluation of Veterinary Production and Services in Bangladesh
Get PDFAs a developing country, the economy of Bangladesh is based on agricultural activities. Veterinary science and production have a significant impact on the socio-economic development of the country. The current study evaluates the sector in terms of Animal Feeds, Disease and Diagnostic Services, Preventive Veterinary Service, Clinical Service, Artificial Insemination, Wildlife Healthcare, Administrative Assistance, Legal framework and policy regime, Veterinary Public Health and Zoonoses, Research and Development for Veterinary Science, Licensing Veterinary Activities, Industrial Evaluation Based on ventures, and Veterinary education and research activities. Veterinary activities and economic development are positively correlated and affect poverty alleviation. The current study is a pioneering attempt to evaluate the area in the context of Bangladesh, which will essentially add value to the existing literature
Screening of Foreign Investments and the Bilateral Investment Treaties of Bangladesh
Get PDFSince 1960, about 2852 bilateral investment treaties (BITs) have been signed. Of them, 2298 BITs are in force at present. In the last 61 years, the WTO members failed to conclude a global treaty to regulate FDI in host countries, consequently, the BITs have played a significant role to regulate FDI. As a member of the WTO, Bangladesh has signed 31 BITs so far with various states to allow and increase the inflow of FDI into the country. Bangladeshi foreign investment laws and BITs mainly protect foreign investors. However, neither of them has any specific provision regarding the screening of foreign investments in Bangladesh. Two questions have been addressed in this paper: (a) Do the BITs of Bangladesh allow the host state for screening of foreign investments at the entry stage? (b) Should the screening of FDI be required during the pre-entry stage in Bangladesh? In this paper, a doctrinal research method has been used to critically analyze 15 BITs to explore whether there is any reference for screening of foreign investments in Bangladesh. We find that the existing Bangladesh BITs have provisions to promote and protect foreign investments but have no reference in relation to the screening of foreign investments. Therefore, the author has recommended that the Government of Bangladesh can consider specific provisions for screening of FDI in future BITs
Indigenous Fishing Methods of the Moyon Tribe of Manipur (India) and Myanmar
Get PDFFishing is one of the main economic activities of the Moyon tribe living in Manipur (India), and Myanmar. For many centuries, Moyons used indigenous methods for fishing. However, in recent years, indiscriminate fishing using modern technologies has led to an ecological crisis which not only affected the ichthyofauna diversity but also affected the livelihood of individuals depending on fishing as well as the sustainability of the indigenous fishing methods. The paper explores the indigenous fishing techniques and practices of the Moyon tribe. The study adopted a qualitative-exploratory research method with ethnography as the primary component. Data were collected from on-site observations of fishing and discussions with the local Moyon population. The study revealed that indigenous fishing methods have become unsustainable due to misuse by the fishers. Another significant observation was the shift in fishing methods from traditional to modern (market) gears. The recently used fishing gears are a threat to the fish population, aquatic ecosystem, and indigenous knowledge of fishing crafts. The study concludes that unsustainable fishing by the Moyon tribe is connected with poverty and the lack of development and education
The Effects of Covid-19 Pandemic and Recovery Strategies for the Travel and Tourism Sector in Bangladesh
No full textPurpose: This study\u27s purpose is twofold: first, to examine the effects of the Covid-19 pandemic on Bangladesh\u27s travel and tourism sector and second, to suggest some recovery strategies to reduce the negative effects of this pandemic so that the travel and tourism sector of Bangladesh can bounce back.
Methods: This study is qualitative in nature, applying secondary data analysis technique to collect data from various sources, which includes academic journals, news articles, and websites of different professional bodies like the World Tourism Organization (UNWTO), World Travel and Tourism Council (WTTC), Travel Owners Association of Bangladesh (TOAB), etc.
Results: The findings indicate that Bangladesh\u27s travel and tourism sector has been impacted considerably by the pandemic due to travel restrictions, movement control order, apprehension of Covid-19 contamination, etc. Some recovery strategies are also suggested to minimize the pandemic\u27s detrimental consequences.
Implications: This research provides guidelines for tourism marketers, which will help them to revise their strategies so that they will be able to remove anxiety from travelers’ minds and influence their visit intention.
Originality: Covid-19 pandemic and its effects on the travel and tourism sector have been an emergent research area since travel and tourism is one of the severely affected sectors during the pandemic. However, so far insufficient studies related to this area in the context of Bangladesh are available. Hence, this research is an attempt to bridge this gap in the literature
Social Media and the Liabilities of Internet Service Providers in Nigeria: A Comparative Analysis of Jurisdictions
Get PDFSocial media has been the vehicle for the dynamic progression of globalization. The purpose of social media encompasses many ends. Some of which allow for liabilities for third-party users, or in some circumstances, liabilities for Internet Service Providers. There are many complications in determining the liabilities of Internet Service Providers and third-party users. This paper examined the nature of Internet Service Providers (ISP), social media, and the activities of third-party users in Nigeria. It also interrogated the various instances where third party use of social media might affect ISP liability. This paper further explored the judicial and legal framework of some jurisdictions to see how they view the liabilities of internet service providers. The paper concluded that internet service providers should be held accountable for the content that is published on their platforms as it affects greatly the lives of concerned users offline
Food Choices and COVID-19: A Study of Traditional Dietary Habits in Chandigarh, India
Get PDFThe study aims to understand the traditional dietary habits during the COVID-19 pandemic and to comprehend the role of societal norms associated with gender in the context of Chandigarh, India. The present paper reports the findings from a cross-section survey conducted in September-October 2020 in Chandigarh in India. In total, there were 70 participants for the primary survey. A five-point Likert scale was used for the primary survey on a scale anchored with Strongly Agree (5) to Strongly Disagree (1). We conducted a Chi-square test and Regression Analysis to test the hypothesis. The result proved that socio-cultural and gender norms are significant for food choice during pandemics. The study will benefit the policymakers while framing the policy dealing with pandemic considering the local socio-cultural perspective. The sample size was very small. Therefore, the outcomes of the study may not be generalized for the whole population of Chandigarh, India
The Effect of Store Image on Store Loyalty Mediated by Customer Satisfaction and Trust
Get PDFPurpose: This study aims to identify the influence of store image on store loyalty in the context of the Bangladesh retail market. It also observes the mediating roles of trust and customer satisfaction on store image and store loyalty.
Methods: This is a quantitative cross-sectional study based on survey data. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire. The study used a non-probability, convenience sampling technique. Responses from 534 supermarket shoppers were included for analysis. Partial Least Square (PLS) based Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was used to analyze the data.
Results: The results revealed that the store image has a direct relationship with store loyalty. The study also validates an indirect relationship between store image and store loyalty via customer satisfaction and trust.
Implications: This paper contributes to the theoretical and practical knowledge to formulate effective retail marketing strategies which may affect customer loyalty. The results of the study also have a contribution to the overall development of the retailing industry of Bangladesh.
Originality: This study envisioned a unique model considering the multi-dimensional hierarchical concept of store image and customer loyalty. Additionally, this study validated the intervening role of trust between store image and store loyalty which is a pioneering attempt in this regard.
Limitations: The study would have been made more effective if other variables like service quality, store choice, purchase intention, store reputation affecting store loyalty, etc. were also included. In addition, the use of non-probability sampling (convenience sampling) also restricts the generalizability of the findings
Mergers and Acquisitions in Brazilian Higher Education Companies: Effect on Share Value
Get PDFPurpose: The objective of this study is to detect and measure the occurrence of extraordinary returns to the shareholders of private higher education companies, listed on the Brazilian stock market, B3, when mergers and acquisitions occur.
Methods: This study uses the Event Study technique on process data from 46 merger and acquisition events, that occurred in the period of 2007- 2015, involving the three main Brazilian private higher education companies, and applies the Z-statistic to test the accumulated standard abnormal returns.
Results: Based on the results, it is possible to affirm that the presence of abnormal returns was not detected after merger and acquisition events. Events of this nature do not promote changes in the short-term value of the company, in the cases of large and publicly traded Brazilian private higher education companies.
Implications: The announcement of a merger or acquisition process has wide repercussions in the media and attracts the attention of investors that aims to gain abnormal earnings from anticipated post-merger value creation. This study showed that the potential gain in value does not always occur or is reflected in the stock prices of the companies involved, in the short term
Leveraging on the Urban Economy to Promote the Growth of Women-Owned Small Businesses in Bangladesh
Get PDFPurpose: The contribution of small businesses to a country’s economic growth is vital. It makes sense to accentuate the small businesses by emphasizing the neglected segments. The present study aims to explore the women-owned small businesses (WOSB) and their various problems. The study also examines if the city-based features of the urban economy can be favorable to promote the growth of WOSB.
Methods: The concept paper conducts secondary research by selecting sample literature on WOSB of Bangladesh from the manufacturing, and trading sectors. The selection and classification of extant literature were conducted by emphasizing problems faced by WOSB, and the city-based amenities of developing countries. The extracted information is analyzed by categorizing and interpreting relevant issues to create a base-model of venture-growth.
Results: Based on the literature review, a growth-framework is formulated that reflects the issues faced by WOSB categorized as financial illiteracy, inadequate human capital, insufficient social capital, and business environmental hiccups. Also, the substandard growth of WOSB is envisaged in the model if the problems are not addressed timely. The study also discovers that the urban economy could be leveraged to make these issues less coercing for the women owners.
Implications: The paper creates a nexus with the WOSB and the privileges of urban platforms to ensure better growth of the firms.
Originality: As far as authors could determine, the aimed research-domain was mostly covered from the perspectives of developed countries, rarely covered in the context of developing countries, and almost absent in Bangladesh. This paper attempts to fulfill that gap
The Capital Flow Volatility Spillover in Some Selected African Economies
No full textPurpose: The study conducted an empirical examination of the link between capital flows and exchange rate by examining the relative influence of FDI and FPI on the exchange rates.
Method: The study proceeded with the EGARCH model and the data sample covering the period from 1990-2016. The data were subjected to cross-country screening. The screening criteria are such that all the data that constitute capital in all sampled countries must have equal sample sizes. The measurement of capital flow in each of the sampled countries was restricted to two categories capital, namely, foreign portfolio investment (FPI) and foreign direct investment (FDI).
Results: The research establishes that the behavior of capital flow volatility spillover of the sample countries\u27 currencies exchange rate differs, with only South Africa\u27s and Morocco\u27s currencies revealing some slight similarity and existence of asymmetric volatility spillover from capital flows to exchange rate. Additionally, the study discloses that capital flows spillover has a considerable effect on exchange rate volatility than harmful spillover. The study also observed that positive shocks associated with capital flow volatility affect exchange rate value in Botswana more than capital outflow. Further positive capital flow spillover impending from capital inflow has a considerable effect on exchange rate volatility than the harmful spillover impending from the capital outflow. Further, the positive capital flow spill over impending from capital inflow significantly affects exchange rate volatility more than the negative spillovers that emanate from the capital outflow.
Implications: This suggests that the monetary policy should consider options that can accelerate capital flow into the Moroccan economy. However, in South Africa for any given quantum of capital flow into the economy, the South African Reserve Bank must use instruments to affect stability; otherwise, the currency exchange rate could remain unstable. Thus, capital withdrawals out of the Egyptian economy will create domestic currency instability.
Keywords: Spill-over, Foreign Direct Investments (FDI), Portfolio Investments (PI), asymmetric, capital flow volatility, Exchange rate volatility