Research & Innovation Initiative Journals
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Impact of Transport Infrastructure on Living Standards: Evidence from the Chinese Provinces Directly Affected by the "One Belt, One Road" Initiative
Get PDFPurpose: This paper discusses the impact of transport infrastructure on living standards in the Chinese provinces directly affected by the “One Belt, One Road” initiative.
Methods: The impact of transport infrastructures such as railways and highways on people’s living standards, more specifically, the household consumption level in the Chinese provinces directly affected by the "One Belt, One Road" was analyzed based on data from 2008 to 2017 from National Bureau of Statistics of China and some databases related to the "One Belt, One Road". Descriptive statistics, correlation, and regression were applied for analysis.
Results: a)The living standards are not improved in proportion to the development level of railways and highways due to influences of various factors on living standards, b) the development level of transport infrastructure does not have enough impact on reducing the gap in living standards between urban and rural areas in the Chinese provinces under study, c) the development level of transport infrastructure has a relatively more significant impact on living standards in coastal provinces than inland provinces under study, and d) in the future, the measures to develop the transport infrastructure may provably contribute to achieving targets for enhancing the living standards under the realization of the “One Belt, One Road” initiative.
Implications: To enhance the living standard, the management of investment in transport infrastructure as well as other factors, such as employment, income distribution, supply of goods and services, price level, etc. affecting people’s living standard ought to be improved in line with the features of a given region
Definitions and Concepts of Organizational Sustainability: A Literature Analysis
Get PDFThis research paper provides a comprehensive literature review that thoroughly examines the definitions and different concepts of organizational sustainability. This paper also looks at how research gaps are addressed in the literature with a particular emphasis on issues of organizational sustainability. Overall, organizational sustainability, including issues and aspects related to sustainability, is discussed. Individual authors provide their perspectives on various aspects of organizational sustainability from their field research, case analysis, and creative search. It also includes a greater knowledge of how real economic activity concerns and political dynamics can inhibit decision-making related to operational or practical sustainability. Several sustainability viewpoints from around the world have provided a genuine mechanism for organizations to increase their financial success while minimizing their impact on the environment and society. This study urges that knowing an organization\u27s ability to change and self-regulate on critical issues for long-term sustainability can help solve the socio-ecological dilemma. This study shows how firms approach sustainability and what fundamental issues still need to be resolved. The research has provided novel and unusual insights into the factors contributing to organizational sustainability. Additional value is generated by estimating progress toward the idea of organizational sustainability, identifying impediments, and analyzing various real-world examples of measures to enhance advancement toward that concept
Credit Risk Management Practices and Loan Performance of Commercial Banks in Uganda
Get PDFPurpose: The study examined the relationship between Credit Risk Management Practices and Loan Performance of Commercial Banks in Mbarara City. The study covered 19 commercial banks.
Method: A correlational design was used to establish the relationship between different credit risk management practices and Loan Performance in selected commercial banks in the city. The study used a structured questionnaire to collect numerical data from the credit staff and management of 19 commercial banks. Correlation and regression tests to analyze the relationships and effects of Credit risk management and Loan Performance of commercial banks in Mbarara city
Findings: The study found a significant relationship between credit risk identification and loan performance; credit risk assessment and loan performance; credit risk monitoring and loan performance; and credit risk control and loan performance. The study also found that some commercial banks did not have experts to accurately predict credit risks nor evaluate the consequences of the decisions taken by loan officers.
Implication: Banks should source experts who can analyze and predict risks and evaluate their consequences on the bank. The bank should adopt the tool of 5cs of credit management, with this it will develop a good loan book that shall lead to good loan performance.
Limitations: We still don\u27t know clients\u27 perceptions of the different credit risk management practices. Therefore, a qualitative study to assess clients\u27 perception of the credit management practices in commercial banks should be conducted
Ethical Approach to Sustainability Accounting Practices and Financial Performance of Aviation Companies in Nigeria: A Conceptual Model
Get PDFConsidering the significance of environmental and social hazards alongside the inevitable economic importance of the aviation industry, the researcher examined the general impact of the ethical approach to environmental and social Sustainability Accounting Practices (SAP) on their performance in Nigeria. Due to a lack of financial data in the public domain of Nigeria’s aviation industry to empirically measure performance indices, the researcher adopted an exploratory research design in combination with an integrative conceptual and a practical case review as alternative analytical models. The case result and majority of findings among reviewed researches conducted in other countries did not only support a positive association between sustainability accounting practices and financial performance of aviation companies but also demonstrated a significant influence of the ethical dimension of SAP in such nexus. Drawing from the results of reviewed studies and findings from case analysis, therefore, the researcher hypothetically concluded that a positive association exists between SAP and financial performance in Nigeria\u27s aviation industry. However, the researcher further attributed the scarcity of relevant financial data for empirical analysis to a poor listing of aviation companies on the Nigerian Stock Exchange (NSE), especially the domestic airlines. In addition to developing a hypothetical background and raising research questions for future empirical investigation, it was recommended among other things that aviation companies in Nigeria should exploit the ethical dimension of corporate social responsibility as a practical strategy for entrenching their "going concern" objective in a long-term good corporate financial outlook
Influence of Demographic Factors on Retirement Planning and Socio-Economic Status of Civil Servants in Uganda: Reflections from Pensioners from Busoga Sub-Region
Get PDFThis study provides a Ugandan perspective on the influence of demographic factors on retirement planning and the socio-economic status of civil servants. The study collected data from 236 pensioners using a questionnaire survey. The demographic factors included gender, marital status, age, income, and educational level. Using multiple regression, the study concludes that there is a low predictive influence of demographic factors on retirement planning and socio-economic status. Only educational level and monthly income have significant influences on retirement planning and the socioeconomic status of the retirees. This study offers a solid ground for increasing civil servants’ salaries in Uganda. Also, the government may consider identifying resources for the professional development needs of civil servants
Do the Elements of Emotional Intelligence Determine Charismatic Leadership? : An Empirical Investigation
Get PDFPurpose: Emotional intelligence is a critical stimulus of charismatic leadership. This research is an effort to detect the relationships between the elements of emotional intelligence and charismatic leadership.
Method: Purposive sampling technique was adopted to assemble data from 356 bankers working in different private commercial banks in Bangladesh. The Emotional Quotient Index (EQ Index: Rahim et al., 2002) and a Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ 5X: Bass &Avolio, 2000) were used to assess emotional intelligence and charismatic leadership respectively. A total of 356 usable responses were received which were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and linear regression.
Results: The study revealed that all elements of emotional intelligence, namely, self-awareness (r=.64, p<.001), self-regulation (r=.62, p <.001), motivation (r = .65, p< .001), empathy (r = .63, p< .001), and social skills (r = .59, p <.001) were positively correlated with charismatic leadership. It also demonstrated that potential covariates (e.g. experience, age, employee, department, education, gender, and position) shared a negligible correlation with emotional intelligence and charismatic leadership.
Implications: These unique findings would be helpful to academics, scholars, policymakers, and managers/executives of commercial banks to flourish their charisma by cultivating and boosting emotional intelligence to realize a higher level of organizational outcomes.
Limitations: The generalizability of the findings is limited by its particular sampling technique which is less reliable.
 
Factors Influencing Adoption of Islamic Banking in Morocco: An Exploratory Study
Get PDFPurpose: The objective of this research is to explore the factors influencing the choice of Islamic banking services by Moroccan banking customers.
Methods: This study is based on an exploratory qualitative study conducted with a sample of forty active users of the banking services (having a bank account), but non-users of Islamic banking products, aged 25 to 60 in Morocco.
Results: This research identified factors influencing the choice of Islamic banking services by the Moroccan banking customers, mainly the compatibility of the ethical and economic benefits provided by the Islamic banks with the needs of the potential adoption, as well as the influence of the two variables, namely the perceived complexity and the risk perceived by the potential adopter of the services and products offered by participatory banks in Morocco.
Implications: This study allows managers of participatory (Islamic) banks to understand Moroccan’s views as regards Islamic banking products. The major concern of Islamic banks is to increase the number of accounts and deposits of customers to face the challenge of the liquidity crisis. To this end, Islamic banks need to understand the factors that hinder or motivate the adoption of Islamic banking by consumers in Morocco so as to focus on these factors at the level of commercial communication
Impact of COVID-19 on Ready-made Garments Workers in Bangladesh
Get PDFCOVID-19 is an overwhelming crisis that has touched almost every sector. As the Ready-made Garments (RMG) sector is closely integrated with the global supply chain, it is important to understand the implications of COVID-19 on RMG workers as they are the most vulnerable in this situation. This article aims to explore the socio-economic impacts of the pandemic on RMG workers in Bangladesh. Particularly, it investigates the impact on health, safety and security, employment, livelihood, and social relations of the workers. The research also explores the roles and responsibilities of stakeholders in this regard. The study followed qualitative methodology. The primary data were collected through in-depth interviews, focus group discussion, and key informant interviews. The findings revealed that COVID-19 implicated detrimental consequences in terms of health, safety and security, and social relations. The workers also faced a livelihood crisis as their earnings were curtailed
Projected Productivity of Cash Crops in Different Climate Change Scenarios in India: Use of Marginal Impact Analysis Technique
Get PDFPurpose: This study assesses the impact of climatic and geographical factors on the yield of potato, cotton, groundnut, sesame, linseed, sugarcane, rapeseed & mustard, and sunflower seeds using state-wise panel data in India during 1971-2013. Thereupon, it estimates the expected yield of aforesaid crops in different climate change scenarios.
Methods: Cobb-Douglas production function model is used to estimate the regression coefficients of climatic and geographical factors with the yield of aforesaid crops.
Results: The empirical result shows that maximum temperature, minimum temperature, rainfall, and precipitation have a significant impact on the yield of potato, groundnut, sesame, linseed, sugarcane, rapeseed & mustard, sunflower seeds. The projected results indicate that yield of sesame, linseed, rapeseed & mustard, potato, and cotton crops may decline by 0.16%, 0.83%, 5.65%, 14.68%, and 23.31% respectively due to one unit change in average maximum and minimum temperature, actual precipitation, and rainfall during crop seasons.
Implications: The Agriculture department of the government should encourage farmers to implement crop-specific policies to mitigate the negative impact of climate change in agriculture.
Limitations: Application of fertilizer, quality of seeds, cost of cultivation, farm management practices, irrigated area, demographic factors (e.g., population growth, urbanization, industrialization, etc.), and ecosystem services (e.g., water, soil fertility, and land) have a significant impact on the yield of cash crops. However, these variables were not included to predict the yield of cash crops in this study. Thus, this study acknowledged this limitation and existing researchers can incorporate these variables in further study
Methods for Comprehensive Analysis of the Economic Effectiveness of Business Activities: Special Reference to R & D Expenditure
Get PDFPurpose: This paper suggests the methodology for comprehensively and dynamically evaluating the economic effectiveness of business activities in a view of scientific and technological development.
Methods: Authors analyze the previous studies related to evaluating the economic effectiveness of business activities and suggest the methodology using the weight coefficients and pair-evaluation standards.
Results: The findings reveal that comprehensive economic effectiveness of business activities reflects the effective use of various resources including labor, material, fixed asset, liquid materials, and R&D expenditure into the business activities in a certain period of time and it must be assessed by using the integrated indicator.
Implications: The findings may contribute to the theories related to the economic effectiveness of business activities. It is also likely to improve organizational decision-making