Research & Innovation Initiative Journals
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Navigating Challenges of Bangladesh-Myanmar Border Management and Its Strategic Solutions
Get PDFBangladesh faces multifaceted challenges in managing its border with Myanmar, ranging from informal trade to cross-border crime. The Rohingya influx and turmoil inside Myanmar further exacerbate the challenges. The present study aims to explore multidimensional cross-border issues in border management and their consequences for national security, focusing on relevant and strategic solutions for improving Bangladesh-Myanmar land border management. This study employed a qualitative research approach, descriptive in nature, to acquire insight into the complexities of border management. Thematic analysis of different sources has been conducted for this study to identify some crucial challenges of Bangladesh-Myanmar border management, such as informal trade, drug trafficking, turmoil inside Myanmar, Rohingya influx, cross-border crime, infrastructural inadequacy, poverty, etc. Such challenges may create regional instability. Moreover, these pose a significant threat to Bangladesh\u27s socioeconomic, political, and health security. Proactive diplomatic efforts for successful Rohingya repatriation, the development of border infrastructure, the socioeconomic development of the bordering community, and their engagement in the border management process are imperative for a strategic solution to the persistent challenges. Implementing these measures can benefit effective border management and help ensure peace, stability, and cooperation in the Bangladesh-Myanmar border area
Exploring the Determinants of Liquidity of Private Commercial Banks in Bangladesh: Moderating Effect of Bank Age
Get PDFPurpose: The main objective of this study is to explore the critical bank-specific determinants of the liquidity of private commercial banks in Bangladesh.
Methods: This research examined the financial statements of twenty private commercial banks in Bangladesh over thirteen years (2010–2022). Various statistical tests and analyses, including the F-test, Breusch and Pagan LM Test, Modified Wald Test, Pesaran CD Test, Wooldridge Test, and Feasible GLS Model, were employed to evaluate the panel data.
Results: The regression results showed that the net interest margin, capital adequacy, financial leverage, credit quality, operating efficiency, and bank age are statistically significant variables influencing the liquidity of private commercial banks in Bangladesh. The study also indicates that a bank`s age moderates the impact of financial leverage, credit quality, and operating efficiency on liquidity.
Implications: The study\u27s theoretical implications deepen understanding of factors influencing bank liquidity, integrating bank age as a moderating variable. As far as the practice is concerned, it assists policymakers and bank managers in enhancing liquidity management techniques, guaranteeing financial stability, and promoting resilience within the banking industry.
Originality: This study distinguishes itself by examining the moderating effect of bank age on liquidity determinants in private commercial banks in Bangladesh, a facet seldom explored in prior studies
Performance of Domestic Airlines in Kenya: The Role of Strategic Management Practices
Get PDFPurpose: The study sought to examine the effect of strategic management practices on the performance of domestic airlines in Kenya. This comes when the domestic airlines in Kenya face tremendous challenges orchestrated by dynamics in the operating environment and disruptions in the global markets. Domestic airlines have seen a surge in customer shuns rates due to low customer satisfaction. Moreover, most domestic airline players have faced a steady decline in sales revenues and overall market share. This raises the question of what could be the remedy to upscale organizational performance of domestic airlines. The study specifically addressed the effect of environmental scanning, strategy formulation, strategy implementation, and strategy evaluation on the performance of domestic airlines in Kenya.
Methodology: The study employed a causal research approach and targeted 129 employees from 43 domestic Kenyan airlines. A questionnaire was used to collect primary data, which was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.
Results: The findings revealed that strategic management practices (environmental scanning, strategy formulation, strategy implementation, and strategy evaluation) significantly influenced the performance of domestic airlines in Kenya.
Implications: Domestic airlines should expand and continue performing in the competitive market. Managers have the duty to integrate strategic management practices through vigorous environmental scanning, formulation of strategies that respond to market demands, effective implementation of developed strategies, and evaluation of implemented strategies to ensure they align with the external operating market for enhanced performance
Circular Economy and Corporate Sustainability in Bangladesh\u27s Ready-Made Garment Industry: Problems and Prospects
Get PDFPurpose: The ready-made garments sector in Bangladesh contributes to 81.82% of national exports and employs well over four million workers. Nonetheless, this sector encounters substantial challenges in implementing circular economy principles to achieve corporate sustainability. This study identifies essential factors that can enhance corporate sustainability in the ready-made garments sector of emerging economies by addressing significant issues, challenges, and opportunities related to supply chain management, technology, government policies, and circular economy principles. The study presents a research paradigm for achieving corporate sustainability based on a rigorous evaluation of the literature.
Methods: The study employs systematic reviews using the PRISMA strategy to retrieve comprehensive documentation. This methodology enables a comprehensive scoping of exploratory themes, adjusting search terms repeatedly to gather interdisciplinary perspectives on the integration of corporate sustainability into the circular economy.
Results: The research highlights the importance of corporate sustainability within the Bangladeshi ready-made garments sector, focusing on technology, government involvement, supply chain dynamics, and the circular economy. Despite financial limitations, infrastructural challenges, and talent deficiencies, the industry has the potential for environmental, social, economic, and political sustainability.
Originality: This study presents a novel framework that examines the interplay of technological capabilities, supply chain flexibility, governmental influence, and the circular economy within Bangladesh\u27s ready-made garment sector, aiming to achieve corporate sustainability.
Implications: The research offers industry practitioners valuable insights for enhancing technical training, implementing regulatory reforms, and advancing infrastructure development, thereby facilitating an effective transition to a circular economy. This understanding can help governmental entities and industry leaders craft policies that strike a balance between environmental, economic, political, and social responsibilities
An Empirical Insight into the Influence of the Names of Bars on Their Growth and Development in Bamenda III, Cameroon
Get PDFPurpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of business name on the growth and development of bars in Bamenda III.
Methods: Data for this study were obtained with the help of a structured questionnaire from 140 respondents randomly selected. The data were analyzed in SPSS 20 and in Stata 14, employing both descriptive and inferential statistics.
Results: Ordinary least squares results indicate that the name score, access to business financing, the size of the management team, and the legal status of the business are positively associated with the growth and development of Bars in Bamenda III.
Implications: From a policy perspective, choose a name that is memorable, unique, and easy to pronounce, consider the target market when choosing a name, as this can affect customer perception and behavior, choose a name that aligns with the brand image and values of the business, conduct market research to determine the effectiveness of the desired name before implementing it and continuously monitor customer feedback and adjust the business name if necessary.
Originality: This study is original in that it explores the relationship between business names and the success of bars in Bamenda III. While there have been studies on the impact of branding on business success, there has been limited research specifically focused on the effect of business names on bars in Bamenda III.
Limitations: One potential limitation of this study is the risk of sampling bias, as the sample will consist only of bar owners and customers in Bamenda III. Additionally, the study may be limited by the subjective nature of the data, as perceptions of success and the impact of business names may vary among individuals.
Does the Use of Social Media Improve Academic Performance? A Study on University Graduates in a Developing Country
Get PDFPurpose: The current research examines the impact of various factors, including learning engagement, psychological effects, social interaction, and changes in behavioral patterns by using social media at the tertiary level, on university students\u27 academic performance.
Methods: A total of 389 students completed structured questionnaires assessing their behaviors and attitudes that impact their academic performance. Quantitative data analysis included reliability analysis and regression models to assess the magnitude of factors related to social media and their impact on key educational outcomes.
Findings: Academic performance is highly contingent on learning engagement, social interaction, and changes in behavioral patterns. However, the impact of psychological effects on academic results is negligible. The results suggest that social media holds promise as an auxiliary support for educational engagement when integrated thoughtfully within academic environments.
Implications: This study contributes to the limited body of evidence quantifying the direct educational impact of social media among Bangladeshi university students. Institutions that consider social media a learning tool should develop clear guidelines to maximize potential benefits, such as collaboration and the sharing of educational resources, while mitigating risks, including distraction and overuse
Implications of Celebrity Endorsement on Brand Equity: A Study in The Telecommunications Sector of Cameroon
Get PDFPurpose: The increasing reliance on celebrity endorsements in Cameroon\u27s telecommunications sector has raised critical questions about their effectiveness in strengthening brand equity. This study examines the implications of celebrity endorsement (Celebrity trustworthiness, celebrity attractiveness, and celebrity popularity) for consumer brand equity among leading telecommunications companies in Cameroon.
Methods: This study used a quantitative cross-sectional research design. Using a causal research approach, 602 questionnaires were administered both in person and online (via Google Forms) to telecoms subscribers. The multiple correspondence analysis was used to construct indices for celebrity trustworthiness, attractiveness, and popularity. The Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) and the Seemingly Unrelated Regression (SUR) were used to test the hypotheses.
Results: The overall results indicate a positive and significant effect of celebrity endorsement on brand equity in Cameroon\u27s telecommunications industry. All three constructs of celebrity endorsement were positive and significant at the 1% level. Celebrity popularity had the most tremendous impact on Brand equity, followed by celebrity trustworthiness. Celebrity attractiveness had the least impact on brand equity in Cameroon\u27s telecommunications industry.
Implications: The study found that improving celebrity endorsement deals within a company increases consumer brand equity. Managers and Marketers should therefore focus more on getting celebrity endorsers who are popular and credible. Celebrity attractiveness is important, but should not be the main criterion in choosing an endorser. Decision-makers can rely on these insights to make strategic decisions within their companies
Unraveling the Complexity: A Comprehensive Analysis of the Armenia-Azerbaijan Conflict and Turkish Geopolitical Stance
Get PDFThe Armenian Azerbaijani dispute, a 100-year-old conflict, has resurfaced in the Nagorno-Karabakh region, a region with a majority Armenian population. The Armenia-Azerbaijan conflict began after Russia\u27s 1917 Bolshevik Revolution, with Azerbaijanis and Armenians fighting for sovereignty over Nagorno-Karabakh. After the USSR\u27s dissolution in 1991, the conflict resulted in 20,000 deaths and over 1 million displaced persons. This paper examines the historical background of the Armenia-Azerbaijan conflict over Nagorno-Karabakh, a region with a majority Armenian population. It also analyzes the reasons behind the escalation of the conflict in 2020 and Turkey\u27s role in supporting Azerbaijan.
The study employs a descriptive secondary data analysis approach, reviewing various reports, journals, articles, and research papers. The findings reveal that the conflict stems from historical ethnic tensions and territorial disputes. Azerbaijan\u27s military advantage due to increased energy resources, Turkey\u27s political and military support, and the withdrawal of the United States from the region all contributed to the recent escalation. The war resulted in casualties on both sides and caused economic damage. Turkey aims to expand its influence in the area by supporting Azerbaijan. The paper concludes that the conflict will unlikely be resolved soon due to the complex geopolitical interests involved
Utilizing Dispute Resolution Mechanisms (DRMs) for Conflict Settlement in Public-Private Partnership (PPP) Education Infrastructure Development
Get PDFPurpose: This study explores the deployment of Dispute Resolution Mechanisms (DRMs) in addressing conflicts inherent in Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) for educational infrastructure, particularly in Nigerian universities.
Methodology: Using purposive sampling, 126 questionnaires were administered to stakeholders, including private investors and university officials involved in PPP procurement. The study analyzed responses using descriptive statistics, including mean values, relative importance index (RII), and Henry Garrett ranking methods, to identify causes of dispute, prevention strategies, and DRM implementation frameworks.
Results: The study identified 21 critical causes of dispute, ranging from excessive contract variations to inadequate risk allocation and trust deficits. Among 13 examined dispute prevention strategies, extensive stakeholder consultations and regular site meetings emerged as the most effective. Fast-track resolution processes were ranked as the most resourceful DRM, while litigation was the least preferred due to inefficiencies and costs.
Implications: The findings emphasize integrating preventive measures and effective DRMs into PPP contracts to reduce disputes, ensure project sustainability, and align stakeholders. The study offers practical recommendations for incorporating DRMs into the PPP framework, enhancing project outcomes, and fostering investor confidence.
Originality: This research provides a novel DRM framework tailored to the peculiarities of PPP conflicts in Nigerian universities, addressing the scarcity of focused studies on this topic.
Limitations: The study is geographically limited to three universities in southwestern Nigeria, and findings may not fully represent other contexts or sectors
Artificial Intelligence and Public Relations Synergy: A Study in the Context of Bangladesh
Get PDFThe integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in the field of public relations (PR) has brought a massive change in communication. This paradigm shift is not merely a technological advancement but a fundamental transformation in how public relations practitioners (PRPs) interact with stakeholders to communicate effectively. The study\u27s primary objective was to examine the extent to which PRPs in Bangladesh utilize AI in their routine activities to achieve organizational goals. This research elucidates the current landscape by surveying a diverse sample of PRPs, thereby disclosing the degree to which AI technologies have been incorporated into PR practices. The study revealed that the utilization of AI in the field of PR in a variety of institutions in Bangladesh is less anticipated. Inadequate knowledge was also discovered in the investigation. This research contributes to the ongoing conversation regarding the influence of AI on the future of PR. It offers valuable insights for professionals and organizations that are striving to navigate this transformative journey effectively