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Using open-data portals, remote sensing and computational modelling to investigate historic wreck sites and their environments: 45 years on from Muckelroy
Get PDFWe explored site formation processes at 549 shipwrecks in the North and Baltic Seas using multibeam echosounder (MBES) data and environmental/anthropogenic variables. Phase 1 classified the structural integrity of each wreck. Phase 2 used regression modelling to explore correlations between wreck class and environmental variables at individual sites. A best-fit model comprised depth, salinity, fishing intensity, and wreck year. In phase 3 multi-criteria analysis predicted preservation potential across the full model domain. Highest preservation potential is modelled for the southern Baltic Sea and Norwegian Trench, with low potential in shallower areas of the North Sea and off England, Netherlands and Germany.RESUMENExploramos los procesos de formación de sitio de 549 pecios de los mares del Norte y Báltico, empleando datos de ecosonda multihaz y variables ambientales/antropogénicas. En la Fase 1 se clasificó la integridad estructural de cada pecio. En la fase 2 se utilizaron modelos de regresión para explorar las correlaciones entre tipo de pecio y variables ambientales en sitios individuales. El modelo que mejor se ajusta incluye profundidad, salinidad, intensidad de pesca y el año de naufragio. En la fase 3, un análisis multicriterio predijo el potencial de preservación a lo largo de todo el dominio del modelo. Se calculó el mayor potencial de preservación para el sur del Mar Báltico y la Fosa Noruega, y un bajo potencial en áreas más superficiales del Mar Norte y frente a Inglaterra, Países Bajos y Alemania.摘要我们利用多波束測深探測儀（MBES）数据和环境/人为变量探查了北海和波罗的海549艘沉船的遗址形成过程。阶段1是对每艘沉船的结构完整性进行分类。阶段2使用回归模型探索单个遗址中沉船类别与环境变量之间的相互关联。最佳拟合模型包括深度、盐度、捕捞强度和沉船年代。在阶段3以多标准分析预测全模型领域的保存潜力。波罗的海南部和挪威海沟的保存潜力最高，北海较浅区域以及英格兰、荷兰和德国沿海的保存潜力则较低。摘要我們利用多波束測深探測儀（MBES）數據和環境/人為變量探查了北海和波羅的海549艘沉船的遺址形成過程。階段1是對每艘沉船的結構完整性進行分類。階段2使用回歸模型探索單個遺址中沉船類別與環境變量之間的相互關聯。最佳擬合模型包括深度、鹽度、捕撈強度和沉船年代。在階段3以多標準分析預測全模型領域的保存潛力。波羅的海南部和挪威海溝的保存潛力最高，北海較淺區域以及英格蘭、荷蘭和德國沿海的保存潛力則較低。المُستخلصلقد تم القيام باستكشاف عمليات تشكيل وتكوين المواقع لعدد ٥٤٩ من حطام السفن في بحر الشمال وبحر البلطيق وهذا باستخدام بيانات MBES والمتغيرات البيئية/البشرية. تم تصنيف المرحلة الأولى بالسلامة الهيكلية لكل حطام. بينما تم استخدام نمذجة الانحسار والتراجع في المرحلة الثانية وذلك لاستكشاف الارتباطات بين فئة الحطام والمتغيرات البيئية في المواقع الفردية. ومن الجدير بالذكر أن النموذج الأفضل الذي تم اتباعه في هذه الدراسة كان يتألف من العمق والملوحة وكثافة عمليات الصيد وعام التحطم. وفي المرحلة الثالثة، تنبأ التحليل متعدد المعايير بإمكانية توفير الحفظ والحماية عبر مجال النموذج الكامل. وتم تصميم أعلى إمكانات الحفظ في جنوب بحر البلطيق والخندق النرويجي، مع إمكانات منخفضة في المناطق الضحلة في بحر الشمال وقبالة إنجلترا وهولندا وألمانيا
KNV01580-01 Lystrupvej, Lystrup gods
Get PDFMuseum Sydøstdanmark foretog en mindre arkæologisk undersøgelse forud for etableringen af sø og vandløb ved Lystrup Gods. Forundersøgelsen afdækkede 426 m2 svarende til 5,4% af det samlede areal. Der fremkom ingen væsentlige fortidsminder, og området var kraftigt præget af vådbundsområder. Området blev efter endt undersøgelse frigivet til bygherres planlagte anlægsarbejde
Out of the Water Perspectives; Dialogue with Heritage Conservators:Proceedings of the Lecture Series at the Danish Institute at Athens 2023-2024: Underwater Archaeology and Cultural Resources: Methodology, Preservation and Communication A Dialogue Between Denmark and Greece
No full textVæsentlige egenskaber i arkæologisk, nedbrudt træ fra undervands- eller vandmættede miljøer afviger betydeligt fra friskt træ. Når materialet tages ud af det hidtidige iltfattige og vandmættede miljø, starter en kæde af destruktive processer – medmindre der findes forholdsregler, konkrete planer og ressourcer for at sikre fremtiden for de udgravede genstande. Forståelse for forskellene mellem friskt /ikke-nedbrudt træ og arkæologisk vanddrukkent træ og dets krav er afgørende for alle, der er involveret i udgravning af vanddrukne træfund, og en introduktion til vanddrukkent træs særlige egenskaber gives i indledningen. Papiret skitserer derefter nogle af de nødvendige trin, når vanddrukne arkæologiske skibsvrag fjernes fra det undervandsmiljøet, indtil de er i stabil tilstand, hensigtsmæssigt opbevaret eller udstillet
Experimental investigation of environmental and material factors in darkening of historic and modern lead white
No full textThe progressive darkening of lead white represents a critical challenge in the preservation of artworks on paper. The National Gallery of Denmark has witnessed an alarming acceleration of this phenomenon since the early 2000s, with lead white highlights in numerous old master drawings undergoing rapid discolouration. This study investigated the factors contributing to the darkening of lead white, specifically comparing industrially manufactured pigments to historically reproduced ones. The research aimed to determine if modern lead white, typically characterised by a higher proportion of hydrocerussite to cerussite in its composition, is more susceptible to darkening. Lead white paint mock-ups were subjected to hydrogen sulfide exposure under varying environmental (such as temperature and relative humidity levels) and material (such as pigment and binder properties) conditions to examine their impact on pigment stability. Due to the extensive number of variables involved, the investigation focused on a subset of the possible experimental conditions. The results indicated that modern lead white is more prone to rapid darkening, likely due to increased lead hydroxide content and smaller particle size, leading to higher reactivity with hydrogen sulfide. Additionally, the pigment-to-binder ratio significantly influenced darkening, with high ratios exacerbating the issue for both industrially made and historically reproduced pigments. Although temperature and relative humidity had minimal direct effects, elevated temperature and humidity conditions could potentially accelerate deterioration by hastening chemical reactions and promoting hydrogen sulfide dissociation into more reactive ionic species, respectively, thus increasing lead white vulnerability to darkening. However, given the observed greater influence of chemical and structural properties over environmental physical factors in the darkening of lead white, these findings emphasise the crucial role of pollution control and suggest that effective preservation of artworks and historical artefacts containing lead white highlights should prioritise strategies to reduce hydrogen sulfide exposure, rather than solely relying on climate control measures
