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The Low Country saints of the Næstved Calendar
No full textThe Næstved Calendar (Copenhagen, Det Kongelige Bibliotek, E don. var. 52 2º), an illuminated manuscript produced at the Benedictine monastery of St Peder at Næstved (also called Skovkloster) ca. 1228–1250, is known for transmitting historical information in the form of the older Næstved annals, as well as information pertaining to various persons related to the community. However, the composition of the calendar which gives the manuscript its name has received little attention. An analysis of the feasts in the calendar reveals a strong influence from the Low Countries, more specifically the areas today covered by Belgium and Northern France, but little to none of the English and German influence usually seen as typical of high medieval Danish calendars. The article proposes two possible explanations for the calendar’s composition: the influence of the Flemish and Northern French connections of the Danish elite in the Valdemar Era (1157–1241), most famously exemplified by members of the Hvide family such as Peder Sunesen (d. 1214), and Næstved’s own contacts, forged through the town’s position as a centre of trade. In both scenarios, the saints’ presence should be seen in the context of greater mobility and increased connections with the continent in the Valdemar Era
Interpretation of X-ray spectral data using self-organising maps and hierarchical clustering: a study of Vilhelm Hammershøi’s use of painting materials
No full textThe goal of the Vilhelm Hammershøi Digital Archive project of the National Gallery of Denmark is to understand the Danish painter Vilhelm Hammershøi's painting methods by compiling a comprehensive amount of data on his use of materials and working methods through visual and technical examination of a large number of his paintings, and to make this information available to researchers and the public in an open access digital resource. A clear understanding of the full suite of pigments across the paintings requires determination of which materials comprise the palettes of the ground and paint layers. Scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy and macro x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy were selected as the key analytical techniques due to their ability to yield chemical information at the elemental level. This article presents a method that combines unsupervised machine learning and cluster analysis techniques, to automatically reduce the large x-ray spectral data to sets of distinct clusters that share similar spectra, making it possible to identify materials more precisely. The proposed method allowed the grouping of materials by chemical composition, which enabled an optimal understanding of the pigments used in the ground layers sampled from a large number of paintings as well as in the paint layer examined at the surface of one selected painting. The method performed well when compared with other well-established data mining techniques, and it helped reduce the time necessary for the interpretation of the analytical results significantly. Through this approach, a basis for a more nuanced view of Hammershøi's artistic idea and technical development will be generated
Interpretation of X-ray spectral data using self-organising maps and hierarchical clustering: a study of Vilhelm Hammershøi’s use of painting materials
No full textThe goal of the Vilhelm Hammershøi Digital Archive project of the National Gallery of Denmark is to understand the Danish painter Vilhelm Hammershøi's painting methods by compiling a comprehensive amount of data on his use of materials and working methods through visual and technical examination of a large number of his paintings, and to make this information available to researchers and the public in an open access digital resource. A clear understanding of the full suite of pigments across the paintings requires determination of which materials comprise the palettes of the ground and paint layers. Scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy and macro x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy were selected as the key analytical techniques due to their ability to yield chemical information at the elemental level. This article presents a method that combines unsupervised machine learning and cluster analysis techniques, to automatically reduce the large x-ray spectral data to sets of distinct clusters that share similar spectra, making it possible to identify materials more precisely. The proposed method allowed the grouping of materials by chemical composition, which enabled an optimal understanding of the pigments used in the ground layers sampled from a large number of paintings as well as in the paint layer examined at the surface of one selected painting. The method performed well when compared with other well-established data mining techniques, and it helped reduce the time necessary for the interpretation of the analytical results significantly. Through this approach, a basis for a more nuanced view of Hammershøi's artistic idea and technical development will be generated
BEV*ARV:Status på opbevaringsforholdene i de statslige og statsanerkendte museers magasiner, og en vej mod en national bevarings- og handlingsplan for kultur- og naturarven i Danmark.
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8 anbefalinger der understøtter fleksible fællesskaber blandt beboere i almene boligområder
No full textCore Point Chisels:A common but overlooked tool type from the late Middle Neolithic, the Late Neolithic and the Early Bronze Age in Southern Scandinavia
No full textThe hitherto largely unnoticed tool type, core point chisels, is presented in the paper. The tools are reminiscent of core axes, but are pointed at one end and flat at the other. Based on the presence of small crush marks on each end and along the edges of the long-sides, it is suggested that the tools were used for preparation of rock. Several possible objects for which the core point chisels may have been used are suggested, while the chisels’ use for preparation and reoccurring pecking of quern stones is emphasised. The tool type is dated to the late Middle Neolithic B, Late Neolithic and Early Bronze Age based on find contexts
The Sonic Revolution of 19th Century Copenhagen
No full textThis talk takes its cue from my ongoing work with a monography on the sonic and aural history of 19th century Copenhagen combining the mapping of urban noise and sonic experiences in the era with the contemporaneous notion of the 19th century as a particularly auscultative age. At one end the processes of industrialization and urbanization transformed the urban soundscape and led to new perceptions of the urban existence and the consequences of auditory overload. And at the other inventions of aurally based, new technologies like the stethoscope, telegraph and the phonograph engendered new listening practices and created “virtuoso listeners” in a variety of professions, and new urban interpretations and uses of sound and noise in political, aesthetic, and recreational arenas. The talk unfolds how part of this general process of aural and sonic change took place in Copenhagen
