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There and back again: local institutions, an Uruk expansion and the rejection of centralisation in the Sirwan/Upper Diyala region
Get PDFDuring the fourth millennium BC, public institutionsdeveloped at several large settlements across greaterMesopotamia. These are widely acknowledged as thefirst cities and states, yet surprisingly little is knownabout their emergence, functioning and demise.Here, the authors present new evidence of public institutionsat the site of Shakhi Kora in the lower Sirwan/upperDiyala river valley of north-east Iraq. A sequenceof four Late Chalcolithic institutional households precedespopulation dispersal and the apparent regionalrejection of centralised social forms of organisationthat were not then revisited for almost 1500 years.During the fourth millennium BC, public institutions developed at several large settlements across greater Mesopotamia. These are widely acknowledged as the first cities and states, yet surprisingly little is known about their emergence, functioning and demise. Here, the authors present new evidence of public institutions at the site of Shakhi Kora in the lower Sirwan/upper Diyala river valley of north-east Iraq. A sequence of four Late Chalcolithic institutional households precedes population dispersal and the apparent regional rejection of centralised social forms of organisation that were not then revisited for almost 1500 years
Pilgrimstegn, valfart og rituel praksis:- en analyse af de danske fund
Get PDFPilgrimstegn er religiøse souvenirs, som blev solgt til pilgrimme på middelalderens valfartssteder rundt omkring i Europa. De blev i tusindvis distribueret ud i samfundet over store, geografiske afstande. En del blev hjembragt til Danmark, både fra fjerne og nære destinationer, og optræder i dag i en række forskellige kontekster, som detektorfund, arkæologiske fund eller som faststøbt dekoration på kirkeinventar. Tegnene var beviser på udførte rejser, og de vidner om en omfattende, religiøs industri. Men de fungerede også som amuletter, hvis iboende kræfter kunne komme andre end den udførende pilgrim til gavn. Både fundkontekster og studier af selve genstandene viser, at de kunne bruges og genbruges i en række forskellige sammenhænge, og at de ofte blev omformet og tildannet efter behov. De mange tilgængelige data om fund fra hele Europa viser mange fællestræk i måden, genstandene er brugt på, og dermed udgør genstandsfundene en helt unik kilde til detaljer i dagliglivets rituelle praksis
Smuds på officersstandens ære. Den pinlige sag om løjtnant Stürup af De Vestindiske Tropper
No full textEn officer af De Dansk Vestindiske Tropper kom i 1778 i klammeri med flere medlemmer af borgerskabet på St. Jan. Episoden endte med hans fængsling og senere hans desertion, hvilket var helt uhørt for en officer. Hans sag afdækker forholdet mellem de forskellige grupperinger på øen i slavetidens Vestindien. Dels forholdet mellem de militære og civile hvide, dels mellem de hvide og de sorte, med hvilke sidste den pågældende officer plejede social omgang
Skibsværfternes historie:Værfter og værftsarbejdere i Danmark i 150 år
No full textSkibsværfternes historie sætter ord og billeder på det 20. århundredes værftshistorie. Engang var mange tusinde mænd – og senere også en hel del kvinder – beskæftigede i en industri, som var med til at definere Danmark. Gennem 150 år blev der hamret, svejset og bygget skibe af jern og stål i næsten alle større danske kystbyer. I dag ligger værfterne tyste hen, revet ned eller ombygget til andre formål. Men i denne bog lever historien om dengang, vi byggede skibe, fortalt i både tekst og billeder
Har en smagsdommer godkendt dine brugsting?
No full textNetavisen: Det kan man kalde smagsdommeri: Professor godkendte alle FDB's brugstin
Vedanatomisk analyse af trækul fra Jortveit, gnr/bnr 127/17, Grimstad kommune, Agder fylke, Norge
Get PDFNo Future Growth Enhancement Expected at the Northern Edge for European Beech due to Continued Water Limitation
Get PDFABSTRACT With ongoing global warming, increasing water deficits promote physiological stress on forest ecosystems with negative impacts on tree growth, vitality, and survival. How individual tree species will react to increased drought stress is therefore a key research question to address for carbon accounting and the development of climate change mitigation strategies. Recent tree-ring studies have shown that trees at higher latitudes will benefit from warmer temperatures, yet this is likely highly species-dependent and less well-known for more temperate tree species. Using a unique pan-European tree-ring network of 26,430 European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) trees from 2118 sites, we applied a linear mixed-effects modeling framework to (i) explain variation in climate-dependent growth and (ii) project growth for the near future (2021?2050) across the entire distribution of beech. We modeled the spatial pattern of radial growth responses to annually varying climate as a function of mean climate conditions (mean annual temperature, mean annual climatic water balance, and continentality). Over the calibration period (1952?2011), the model yielded high regional explanatory power (R2?=?0.38?0.72). Considering a moderate climate change scenario (CMIP6 SSP2-4.5), beech growth is projected to decrease in the future across most of its distribution range. In particular, projected growth decreases by 12%?18% (interquartile range) in northwestern Central Europe and by 11%?21% in the Mediterranean region. In contrast, climate-driven growth increases are limited to around 13% of the current occurrence, where the historical mean annual temperature was below ~6°C. More specifically, the model predicts a 3%?24% growth increase in the high-elevation clusters of the Alps and Carpathian Arc. Notably, we find little potential for future growth increases (?10 to +2%) at the poleward leading edge in southern Scandinavia. Because in this region beech growth is found to be primarily water-limited, a northward shift in its distributional range will be constrained by water availability.With ongoing global warming, increasing water deficits promote physiological stress on forest ecosystems with negative impacts on tree growth, vitality, and survival. How individual tree species will react to increased drought stress is therefore a key research question to address for carbon accounting and the development of climate change mitigation strategies. Recent tree-ring studies have shown that trees at higher latitudes will benefit from warmer temperatures, yet this is likely highly species-dependent and less well-known for more temperate tree species. Using a unique pan-European tree-ring network of 26,430 European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) trees from 2118 sites, we applied a linear mixed-effects modeling framework to (i) explain variation in climate-dependent growth and (ii) project growth for the near future (2021–2050) across the entire distribution of beech. We modeled the spatial pattern of radial growth responses to annually varying climate as a function of mean climate conditions (mean annual temperature, mean annual climatic water balance, and continentality). Over the calibration period (1952–2011), the model yielded high regional explanatory power (R2 = 0.38–0.72). Considering a moderate climate change scenario (CMIP6 SSP2-4.5), beech growth is projected to decrease in the future across most of its distribution range. In particular, projected growth decreases by 12%–18% (interquartile range) in northwestern Central Europe and by 11%–21% in the Mediterranean region. In contrast, climate-driven growth increases are limited to around 13% of the current occurrence, where the historical mean annual temperature was below ~6°C. More specifically, the model predicts a 3%–24% growth increase in the high-elevation clusters of the Alps and Carpathian Arc. Notably, we find little potential for future growth increases (−10 to +2%) at the poleward leading edge in southern Scandinavia. Because in this region beech growth is found to be primarily water-limited, a northward shift in its distributional range will be constrained by water availability
Thinging Architecture::Architectural Affordance in Community-Making
No full textThough mundane things such as potted plants, doormats or Christmaslights are an unavoidable part of residential life in many neighbour-hoods, their importance for community-making is rarely taken seriouslyin architectural design. This article shows how decorations in the transi-tion zones from private to public domains play a pivotal role in informalcommunity-making among residents in Danish social housing, as theyoffer a highly social – though indirect – way of negotiating atmosphericand communal expectations and coherences. Analysing empirical casesfrom three typologically different housing estates, we argue that thearchitectural design heavily influences the extent to which residents canform communities through things. Combining material culture theoryand design theory, the article promotes the concept of thinging architec-ture as a means of categorising and identifying architectural elements/design that affords residents community-making through things. Thearticle concludes that thinging architecture should play a crucial role inthe design of social housing to enable a strong communal life.Though mundane things such as potted plants, doormats or Christmas lights are an unavoidable part of residential life in many neighbourhoods, their importance for community-making is rarely taken seriously in architectural design. This article shows how decorations in the transition zones from private to public domains play a pivotal role in informal community-making among residents in Danish social housing, as they offer a highly social though indirect way of negotiating atmospheric and communal expectations and coherences. Analysing empirical cases from three typologically different housing estates, we argue that the architectural design heavily influences the extent to which residents can form communities through things. Combining material culture theory and design theory, the article promotes the concept of thinging architecture as a means of categorising and identifying architectural elements/design that affords residents community-making through things. The article concludes that thinging architecture should play a crucial role in the design of social housing to enable a strong communal life