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The Revolution of house paint technologies in the late 20th century and its influence on Danish architectural finishes
No full textThe many revolutionary innovations in house paint materials of the 20th century affected the use of paint and colours in architecture and thereby the aesthetic expression of Danish architecture. This research has shown that the production and use of house paint in 20th-century Denmark was shaped by an expanding international industry that was dependent on new technological innovations, trade and transatlantic commodity products, as well as an international economic crisis and two world wars. The research presented in this paper is based on published literature, architectural finishes research case studies carried out on Danish buildings, and interviews with practitioners including house painters and paint manufacturers focusing on the period from 1950 to 1983. By the start of the 1950s, oil-modified alkyd paints marked a major advancement in paint technology: the paint roller and the first waterborne plastic paints together with standardised tinting liquid colours and pastes, including synthetic organic pigments, were also launched. In the mid-1960s, the invention of the airless paint sprayer and alkyd paints revolutionised and changed the painter's workflow. In the 1970s, automatic tinting machines together with the establishment of the Natural Colour System further paved the way for fully manufactured paint products and a standardised way of communicating colour. The standardisation of paint products and increased efficiency of application techniques influenced the aesthetic expression of painted architecture in Denmark on a scale never before seen, replacing hand-tinted paints and traditional decoration techniques
Early Shopping in Stockholm:Anmeldelse af: My Helsing og Johanna Ilmakunnas: Shopping i Stockholm. Sociala praktiker på gatunivå, 1700-1850, Stockholm 2023.
No full textFarming during turbulent times:Agriculture, food crops, and manuring practices in Bronze Age to Viking Age Denmark
No full textArchaeobotanical and stable isotope analysis on plant remains from 39 sites spanning the Bronze, Iron, and Viking Ages in Denmark has been undertaken in order to investigate the development and resilience of agricultural practices, particularly through the 1250-year-long Iron Age (500 BC – AD 750). During this time, an increase in the spectrum of food resources can be seen in the archaeobotanical material. At the same time, soil enrichment of fields of barley, which increased markedly during the Bronze-Iron Age transition, remainsconsistent until the Viking Age. A more broad-spectrum diet appears to tie in with agricultural extensification comprising increased scales of land use and fallowing alongside possibly less intense tillage of fields. These practices appear to have made agriculture resilient to climatic fluctuations during our study period, with the possible exception of a shift following volcanic eruptions in AD 536/540
Phronologies of Networked Water:Copenhagen
No full textBy way of water’s role in urban space, the chapter will revisit the notion of hybrids from two points: first, these ideas of hybridity in themselves reconstructed the binaries they set out to eradicate, and second, if the distributed agency that followed hybrid thinking actually eroded the notion of agency as a relational term. The discussion will be based on a case of spatial practices of water in a century of Copenhagen’s history—trams, plumbers, bathing halls, and bathrooms, respectively—and the processes through which they contribute to urban transformation. Following these changes, the concept of ‘phronologies’ is proposed as a hybrid approach that might counter the abovementioned issues, while still being in a state of conceptual development itself
Thrown stone for flesh and bone?:‘White’ stones in sacrificial context in Iron Age Scandinavia
No full textBeing Strong Together:Cooperative Farmer Organizing in Scandinavia
No full textThis chapter on the role of the cooperative farmer movement for the social and economic development in Denmark focuses on the cooperatives as a form of associating, hereby unfolding how these cooperatives gained momentum due to sociopolitical conflicts in the late 19th century and became embedded within a wider rural cultural and organizational network. This gave Danish economic development a distinctively associational characteristic as cooperative organizations consolidated on a national level. However, while cooperative businesses survived dramatic transformations by the 1960s concerning international economic pressures, shifts in national political interests leading to rural depopulation, increasing farm sizes, centralization, and the dissolution of rural culture and organizations, their former associational aspect was lost as their business aspect became disembedded from wider organizational and cultural networks
