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A long-term comparison of the effectiveness of three different annealing methods for fast dechlorination of archaeological iron
No full textKNV00294-01 Frøslev Vest:Beretning for arkæologisk prøvegravning af bebyggelse fra jernalder, vikingetid og middelalder
No full textEn arkæologisk prøvegravning af dele af matrikel 11l i Frøslev havde sit udgangspunkt i talrige metaldetektorfund fra romersk jernalder til middelalder. Der blev påvist treskibede huse fra romersk jernalder og vikingetid, samt etskibede huse fra sen vikingetid/middelalder. Desuden var der et hegnsforløb fra vikingetid
Using open-data portals, remote sensing and computational modelling to investigate historic wreck sites and their environments: 45 years on from Muckelroy
No full textWe explored site formation processes at 549 shipwrecks in the North and Baltic Seas using multibeam echosounder (MBES) data and environmental/anthropogenic variables. Phase 1 classified the structural integrity of each wreck. Phase 2 used regression modelling to explore correlations between wreck class and environmental variables at individual sites. A best-fit model comprised depth, salinity, fishing intensity, and wreck year. In phase 3 multi-criteria analysis predicted preservation potential across the full model domain. Highest preservation potential is modelled for the southern Baltic Sea and Norwegian Trench, with low potential in shallower areas of the North Sea and off England, Netherlands and Germany.RESUMENExploramos los procesos de formación de sitio de 549 pecios de los mares del Norte y Báltico, empleando datos de ecosonda multihaz y variables ambientales/antropogénicas. En la Fase 1 se clasificó la integridad estructural de cada pecio. En la fase 2 se utilizaron modelos de regresión para explorar las correlaciones entre tipo de pecio y variables ambientales en sitios individuales. El modelo que mejor se ajusta incluye profundidad, salinidad, intensidad de pesca y el año de naufragio. En la fase 3, un análisis multicriterio predijo el potencial de preservación a lo largo de todo el dominio del modelo. Se calculó el mayor potencial de preservación para el sur del Mar Báltico y la Fosa Noruega, y un bajo potencial en áreas más superficiales del Mar Norte y frente a Inglaterra, Países Bajos y Alemania.摘要我们利用多波束測深探測儀（MBES）数据和环境/人为变量探查了北海和波罗的海549艘沉船的遗址形成过程。阶段1是对每艘沉船的结构完整性进行分类。阶段2使用回归模型探索单个遗址中沉船类别与环境变量之间的相互关联。最佳拟合模型包括深度、盐度、捕捞强度和沉船年代。在阶段3以多标准分析预测全模型领域的保存潜力。波罗的海南部和挪威海沟的保存潜力最高，北海较浅区域以及英格兰、荷兰和德国沿海的保存潜力则较低。摘要我們利用多波束測深探測儀（MBES）數據和環境/人為變量探查了北海和波羅的海549艘沉船的遺址形成過程。階段1是對每艘沉船的結構完整性進行分類。階段2使用回歸模型探索單個遺址中沉船類別與環境變量之間的相互關聯。最佳擬合模型包括深度、鹽度、捕撈強度和沉船年代。在階段3以多標準分析預測全模型領域的保存潛力。波羅的海南部和挪威海溝的保存潛力最高，北海較淺區域以及英格蘭、荷蘭和德國沿海的保存潛力則較低。المُستخلصلقد تم القيام باستكشاف عمليات تشكيل وتكوين المواقع لعدد ٥٤٩ من حطام السفن في بحر الشمال وبحر البلطيق وهذا باستخدام بيانات MBES والمتغيرات البيئية/البشرية. تم تصنيف المرحلة الأولى بالسلامة الهيكلية لكل حطام. بينما تم استخدام نمذجة الانحسار والتراجع في المرحلة الثانية وذلك لاستكشاف الارتباطات بين فئة الحطام والمتغيرات البيئية في المواقع الفردية. ومن الجدير بالذكر أن النموذج الأفضل الذي تم اتباعه في هذه الدراسة كان يتألف من العمق والملوحة وكثافة عمليات الصيد وعام التحطم. وفي المرحلة الثالثة، تنبأ التحليل متعدد المعايير بإمكانية توفير الحفظ والحماية عبر مجال النموذج الكامل. وتم تصميم أعلى إمكانات الحفظ في جنوب بحر البلطيق والخندق النرويجي، مع إمكانات منخفضة في المناطق الضحلة في بحر الشمال وقبالة إنجلترا وهولندا وألمانيا
Exploring DNA degradation in situ and in museum storage through genomics andmetagenomics
No full textThe Ties That Bind:Computational, Cross-cultural Analyses of Knots Reveal Their Cultural Evolutionary History and Significance
No full textIntegral to the fabric of human technology, knots have shaped survival strategies since their first invention. As the ties that bind, their evolution and diversity have afforded human cultural change and expression. This study examines knotting traditions over time and space. We analyse a sample of 338 knots from 86 ethnographically or archaeologically documented societies over 12 millennia.Utilizing a novel approach that combines knot theory with computational string matching, we show that knotted structures can be precisely represented and compared across cultures. This methodology reveals a staple set of knots that occur cross-culturally, and our analysis offers insights into their cultural transmission and the reasons behind their ubiquity. We discuss knots in the context of cultural evolution, illustrating how the ethnographic and archaeological records suggest considerable knowhow in knot-tying across societies spanning from the deep past to contemporary times. The study also highlights the potential of this methodology to extend beyond knots, proposing its applicability to a broader range of string and fibre technologies
Should archaeology simply cancel plastics?
No full textMalignant! Wicked! Toxic! These terms might bring to mind descriptions of some world leaders or conflict situations, but in actuality they have all been recently used to describe plastics in our material heritage and archaeological sites (Scott 2002 and British Archaeology 2024). While I might use the slang ‘wicked’ to describe the plastic spacesuit worn by Andreas Mogensen, the first Danish astronaut in 2015, I cannot imagine that professional bodies like ICOM and EAA applaud the application of such negatively biased terminology to the materials in our care. In our modern world, where the policies and practices of inclusivity are promoted, I question why plastics are being cancelled in archaeology publications and how it affects their perceived value as artefacts as well as for use in both conservation and as storage materials.First, I will introduce plastics and why they degrade from a scientific perspective. Next, I follow with three cases of heritage materials to illustrate why archaeology should not cancel plastics. I contend that plastics are both a substantial part of our material heritage in modern times and an important tool in contemporary archaeological work
