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Parameterized Verification of Timed Networks with Clock Invariants
No full textInternational audienceWe consider parameterized verification problems for networks of timed automata (TAs) based on different communication primitives. To this end, we first consider disjunctive timed networks (DTNs), i.e., networks of TAs that communicate via location guards that enable a transition only if there is another process in a certain location. We solve for the first time the case with unrestricted clock invariants, and establish that the parameterized model checking problem (PMCP) over finite local traces can be reduced to the corresponding model checking problem on a single TA. Moreover, we prove that the PMCP for networks that communicate via lossy broadcast can be reduced to the PMCP for DTNs. Finally, we show that for networks with k-wise synchronization, and therefore also for timed Petri nets, location reachability can be reduced to location reachability in DTNs. As a consequence we can answer positively the open problem from Abdulla et al. (2018) whether the universal safety problem for timed Petri nets with multiple clocks is decidable
Automatic Assume-Guarantee Reasoning for Safety and Liveness Using Passive Learning
No full textInternational audienceWe present circular assume-guarantee reasoning rules automated by an appropriate use of passive learning algorithms for automata and LTL formulas. Both algorithms directly apply to systems made of not just two but multiple components. Moreover the algorithms are modular in the sense that they can be instantiated by any external learning algorithm and model checker. We present experiments showing the feasability of our approach
Control of Dental Plaque and Gingival Inflammation by Natural Ingredients-Based Mouthwash
No full textInternational audienceBackground/Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effects of a new alcohol-free marine mouthwash containing an algae extract, a coastal plant extract, and seawater on plaque reduction, gingivitis, and oral microbiota balance. Methods: In a single-center, prospective, randomized comparative study, 50 subjects with gingivitis were assigned to either a marine mouthwash group (Test, n = 26) or a marketed mouthwash group (Comparator, n = 24). Clinical assessments included plaque, gingivitis, halitosis, and volunteer self-evaluation at baseline (T0) and after 7 days (T7). Gingival microbiota was sampled using swabs at baseline (T0) and after 7 days (T7). Conclusions: Both groups demonstrated reductions in dental plaque, gingivitis, and halitosis at T7 compared to baseline. Improvements in halitosis were observed in both groups but did not reach statistical significance. Microbiota analysis revealed that the Test group experienced the enrichment of health-associated bacterial taxa and a reduction in disease-associated species, notably Porphyromonas endodontalis, while the Comparator group showed an increase in pathogenic taxa. The marine mouthwash was well tolerated and positively rated by participants. Combining an algae extract, a coastal plant extract, and seawater, it effectively reduces plaque and gingivitis and may contribute to oral microbiota balance. It represents a promising alternative to conventional chemical oral care products
A direct adaptive control architecture for buildings thermal comfort and energy efficiency optimization using multilayer perceptron neural networks and model reference learning
No full textInternational audienceThis paper presents an original direct adaptive control strategy applied to a building heating system, using an intelligent control approach based on Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) neural networks. The main contribution of this work is the integration of a newly developed climate database, representing the coldest regions of Algeria, into the Simbad simulation environment. This enhancement significantly increases the realism and robustness of the simulation, allowing for a more accurate assessment of control performance under extreme and challenging climate conditions. The proposed control architecture follows a model reference structure in which an MLP-based adaptive controller ensures real-time adjustment to varying thermal demands and external disturbances. Unlike conventional fixed-parameter controllers, the system learns and adapts online to maintain thermal comfort while optimizing energy usage. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in achieving precise temperature regulation and substantial energy savings. This study highlights the importance of coupling intelligent control techniques with realistic environmental data to develop energy-efficient solutions tailored to diverse climatic contexts
Évaluation théorique de performance d'un système à antennes distribuées sur canaux multi-trajets partiellement bloqués
No full textInternational audienceCet article s'intéresse à l'établissement théorique des expressions de probabilité d'erreur binaire (PEB) pour les systèmes à antennes distribuées sur canaux à évanouissement partiellement bloqués. Des modèles de lignes à retard par grappes de rayons ou clusters issus du 3GPP sont considérés, avec la possibilité de bloquer un sous-ensemble de ces clusters. En supposant que le récepteur ne puisse pas mettre à jour son égaliseur lors d'un blocage furtif, une analyse statistique est effectuée afin de fournir les fonctions de densité de probabilité des symboles égalisés avec biais selon l'évènement de blocage. Les expressions de PEB sont ensuite obtenues puis validées par simulation. Les résultats théoriques fournis permettent de prédire les performances des systèmes multi-antennes distribués et d'analyser précisément l'impact du blocage dans divers scénarios.</div
Energy-Efficient Secure Cell-free Massive MIMO Precoding With Power Constraints per Access Point for Next Generations of Communications
No full textInternational audienc
Radiotherapy for penile cancers: 2025 update
No full textInternational audienceThis article presents an update of the French national guidelines for the management of penile cancer, with recommendations on dose and volume for radiotherapy and brachytherapy. Multidisciplinary management and centralization in high-level of expertise centres is key for the management of this rare malignancy. For patients at high-risk of having micrometastatic disease (stage T1b or higher), a dynamic sentinel node biopsy should be offered as surgical staging and human papillomavirus status should be obtained. Organ-preservation with brachytherapy should be discussed whenever it is possible (tumours limited to the glans). For locoregionally advanced diseases, chemoradiotherapy as primary treatment could be discussed
Translating Sentences from Written French into LSF Annotation
No full textInternational audienceThe automatic translation of written language into sign language can be approached as a two-stage process. In the first stage, written sentences are transcribed into gloss-based annotations that represent the structure of the target sign language; in the second, these annotations are used to generate 3D animations via a signing avatar. This paper focuses on the first stage: the automatic generation of gloss-based representations for French Sign Language (LSF) from written French. Beyond the general methodological framework, our main contributions are as follows: (i) the design of a parameterized glossed-based specification language that accurately captures the grammatical properties of LSF; and (ii) the implementation of a method for transcribing written French into gloss-based LSF annotations, using large language models trained on a limited amount of data. Our approach is evaluated using a bilingual corpus collected within the SignToKids project [27]. The results are promising and demonstrate the method's potential for scaling to larger datasets
Rapid searches across million-genome bacterial collections on laptops: a practical methodology for point-of-care applications using k-mers
No full textNational audienceIntroduction - Recent advances in sequencing technologies have led to the generation of massive collections of bacterial genomes, such as 661k (n=661,405) and AllTheBacteria (n=2,440,377), offering great potential for point-of-care (POC) applications, such as in rapid diagnostics and epidemiological surveillance. However, searching across millions of genomes in real-time on portable devices is challenging as existing approaches either search across limited genome subsets (e.g., BLAST), require computational clusters (e.g., BIGSI) or have prohibitive space and time requirements for laptops (e.g., LexicMap). Recently, alignments against these large collections have been made possible by Phylign leveraging the phylogenetic compression technique. However, Phylign’s suitability for time-critical applications remains limited due to its reliance on COBS index, which is inefficient when searching divergent or long sequences, like plasmids. Although more modern k-mer indexes can be combined with phylogenetic compression, no established methodology exists to guide their selection, application, and parametrization. Therefore, the aim of this study is to define a methodology for k-mer-based searches across million-genome collections on standard laptops using phylogenetic compression, to address specific biological questions.Materials and Methods - Our methodology guides the use of k-mer searches in 3 steps, as follows. 1) An initial biological question of interest is translated into a k-mer-based algorithm, 2) formalizing k-mer searches as a combination of 3 elements: query type, reference collection type, and matching mode. 3) This combination guides the selection of k-mer indexes to evaluate based on their indexing and searching performance, in order to identify the most suitable one for the given application. The whole methodology was applied to the problem of plasmid search using Phylign and the 661k collection, comparing 4 modern k-mer indexes (COBS, Fulgor, Themisto and Metagraph).Results - Different compression power and search speed characteristics were shown by the evaluated indexes. Metagraph offered the best compression power but the slowest plasmid searches. Themisto showed better performance on closely-related genomes. Fulgor offered the best trade-off, having similar index size to Metagraph and COBS while archiving the fastest plasmid searches. As a result, Phylign achieved ~4x faster plasmid searches when combined with Fulgor.Discussion and Conclusions - Rapid searches across million-genome collections are crucial at POC. Our work provided the first practical guidelines for microbiologists to address their biological questions on a large-scale and on standard laptops using k-mer searches, paving the way for novel strategies at POC
Biodegradable Microwave Cavity Resonator
No full textInternational audienceThis letter presents the first fabrication and characterization of a biodegradable coaxial cavity resonator, focusing on the measurement of complex permittivity of encapsulation as well as |S11| and impedance parameters. The resonator components are 3D-printed from plant-based resin, coated with silver-coated copper flakes, and enclosed by a laser-cut zinc membrane. A monopole coupler antenna, inspired by the “Great Seal Bug,” is co-designed with the cavity to enable near-field coupling and achieve frequency-selective, near- 50 Ω impedance-matched wireless sensing. Numerical and experimental analysis of the gap between post and membrane (G-post), and between the coupler antenna and post, resulted in | S11| of −30.3 dB at 1.7 GHz, and a quality factor of 307, outperforming existing flat biodegradable resonators. A 40-MHz resonance shift is observed with a 20 μ m variation in G-post, highlighting the resonator’s high sensitivity to membrane position. This system enables battery-free wireless sensing with biodegradable antennas for biodiversity monitoring