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Biological Knowledge Extraction from BioPAX Graphs
No full textInternational audienceIn systems biology, the study of biological pathways is a key to understand the complexity of biological systems. The recent massification of biological pathway data available online through various databases raised an important need of standardization of these data. The BioPAX format (Biological Pathway Exchange), created in 2010, is a semantic web format designed for the standardization and exchange of pathway data. BioPAX is highly expressive but intrinsically complex, limiting its wider adoption. Here we report on the use of the BioPAX format in 2024 and present abstraction methods to simplify knowledge extraction from BioPAX graphs
Improved Cryptanalysis of GIFT-64
No full textInternational audienceIn this paper, we propose new differential attacks against the block cipher GIFT-64. First we demonstrate how the parallel matching algorithm proposed by Naya-Plasencia at CRYPTO’11 as an advanced list-merging algorithm can be leveraged to enhance differential attacks, overcoming a previously assumed bottleneck. By reducing the complexity of the pairs generation process whenever a non-linear filter is available, this approach enabled us to mount a new differential attack against 25-round GIFT-64 in the related-key setting.Then we use the differential Meet-in-the-Middle cryptanalysis technique introduced by Boura et al. at CRYPTO’23 to improve the differential attacks recently proposed by Chang et al. at CT-RSA’25, leading to the best known attacks against GIFT-64 in the single-key setting, both in term of number of rounds and of complexity
Le vieillissement démographique: Des espaces ruraux plus vieillis, une gérontocroissance urbaine accentuée
No full textNational audienceAgeing is a notable phenomenon, which has become more acute since the 2000s. Around one fifth of the French population is now aged 65 or over. At the local level, this is the result of declining fertility, longer life expectancy, the inherited age structure and migration. The proportion of elderly people is mapped at the level of counties or cities (‘cantons-ou-villes’), showing that it increases as population density decreases, a consequence of rural depopulation in the 20th century and the departure of young people for education or employment. The change in the proportion of older people is also mapped, highlighting how the coastal areas are ageing as a result of residential migration of senior residents. Furthermore, peri-urban areas as well as small and medium-sized towns have benefited most from the increase in the elderly population, while this trend remains limited in large urban and rural areas, where deaths do not sufficiently offset the number of people entering old age.Le vieillissement est un phénomène marqué, qui s’est accentué à partir des années 2000. Environ un cinquième de la population française a aujourd’hui 65 ans ou plus. À l’échelle locale, il résulte de la baisse de la fécondité, de l’allongement de la vie, de la structure par âge héritée et des migrations. La part des personnes âgées est cartographiée au niveau des cantons-ou-villes, montrant en premier lieu que celle-ci augmente à mesure que la densité démographique diminue, conséquence de l’exode rural au XXème siècle et du départ des jeunes pour les études ou l’emploi. L’évolution de la part des aînée est aussi cartographiée, illustrant le vieillissement des littoraux qui s’explique par des migrations résidentielles de personnes âgées. En outre , les espaces périurbains et les petites et moyennes villes ont le plus bénéficié de la gérontocroissance, tandis qu’elle demeure limitée dans les grandes agglomérations et les espaces ruraux, les décès y compensant insuffisamment les entrées dans le troisième âge
Introduction au numéro : « Logement et inégalités dans les Amériques »
No full textInternational audienc
Resilient Working Capital Strategies in Vietnamese Supply Chains: Evidence from the COVID-19 Crisis
No full textInternational audienc
Preconditioning for the high-order sampling of the invariant distribution of parabolic semilinear SPDEs
No full textFor a class of ergodic parabolic semilinear stochastic partial differential equations (SPDEs) with gradient structure, we introduce a preconditioning technique and design high-order integrators for the approximation of the invariant distribution. The preconditioning yields improved temporal regularity of the dynamics while preserving the invariant distribution and allows the application of postprocessed integrators. For the semilinear heat equation driven by space-time white noise in dimension , we obtain new temporal integrators with orders and for sampling the invariant distribution with a minor overcost compared to the standard semilinear implicit Euler method of order . Numerical experiments confirm the theoretical findings and illustrate the efficiency of the approach
Assessing risks of viral contamination associated with using recycled water in slaughterhouses to wash pig transport lorries
No full textInternational audienc
Improved Riemannian FOD averaging for fiber bundle priors incorporation in FOD-based tractography algorithms
No full textInternational audienc
Instrument de spectroscopie (sub-)millimétrique pour la détection des émissions volatiles du sol
No full textSoil is a dynamic, living medium that hosts diverse microorganisms responsible for nutrient cycling, plant growth promotion, pathogen suppression, and stress resilience. Among the products of microbial metabolism are volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which serve as powerful indicators of soil quality and health. However, conventional VOC detection techniques remain underutilized, largely due to the low rate of compound identification. This research investigates the use of experimental rotational spectroscopy to enhance soil VOC detection by providing molecular structural information. To this end, a submillimeter-wave spectrometer was developed, specifically designed for the detection and identification of soil VOCs. The spectrometer, based on photomixing, was assembled, calibrated, and validated, with improvements proposed to enable accurate detection of gas mixtures. Additionally, the metabolomic characteristics of three environmental bacterial strains were examined, and their growth kinetics were measured in a common nutrient medium. On-demand production of bacterial VOC mixtures will contribute to validating the instrument for applications in environmental microbiology.Le sol est un milieu vivant dynamique qui abrite une diversité de micro-organismes responsables du cycle des nutriments, de la promotion de la croissance des plantes, de la suppression des agents pathogènes et de la résilience face aux stress. Parmi les produits du métabolisme des micro-organismes du sol figurent les composés organiques volatils (COVs), qui constituent de puissants indicateurs de la qualité et de la santé des sols. Toutefois, une analyse des techniques conventionnelles de détection des VOCs montre que leur potentiel reste sous-exploité, en grande partie en raison du faible taux d’identification des composés. Cette recherche explore l’utilisation de la spectroscopie rotationnelle expérimentale afin d’améliorer la détection des COV du sol en fournissant des informations sur la structure moléculaire. À cette fin, un spectromètre à ondessubmillimétriques a été développé, spécifiquement conçu pour la détection et l’identification des VOCs du sol. Le spectromètre, basé sur le photomélange, a été assemblé, calibré, et validé. Les points d’améliorations ont été proposé afin de permettre une détection précise des mélanges gazeuses. Par ailleurs, les caractéristiques métabolomiques de trois souches bactériennes environnementales ont été examinés, et leurs cinétiques de croissance ont été mesurées dans un milieu nutritif commun. La production à la demande de mélanges de COV bactériens contribuera à valider l’instrument pour un usage en microbiologie environnementale
Huitièmes Journées Parité en mathématiques
No full textNational audienceCompte-rendu des huitièmes Journées Parité de la communauté mathématiques qui ont eu lieu à Rennes en juin 2025