Asian Pacific Journal of Health Sciences
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Candida: A Clinico-mycological Study
Get PDFFungal infections caused by Candida spp. are a cause of morbidity and mortality, with Candida albicans being considered the prime suspect. Other species, Candida tropicalis, Candida pseudotropicalis, Candida parapsilosis, Candida krusei, Candida guilliermondii, and Candida vishwanathii are equally notorious and should be reported aggressively. The presence of fungal elements in clinical samples is sometimes low, making their detection challenging amidst the tissue elements and other bacterial presence. Therefore, mycological diagnostic methods need to be comprehensive with no less emphasis on any diagnostic step
Stereochemistry of Dihydropyrimidinones Derivatives Synthesized by Brick Dust Catalytic Reaction
Get PDFA number of catalytic synthetic reactions have been reported which play the important role in stereochemistry of compounds. The key to the success of this protocol was the generation of stereogenic centers in 1, 4-Dihydropyrimidinones (DHPMs) and the influence of catalysts on their configuration. Waste brick dust was found to be an effective catalyst, generating chiral DHPMs derivatives using aryl aldehyde, urea, and ethyl acetoacetate. This work mainly focuses on the stereochemistry of brick-dust catalyzed DHPMs derivatives. Discovery of brick dust catalyst associated with several benefits such as rapid clean reaction, simple, and ease work-up
Perception of Fluency Therapy of Stutterers by their Parents in Rural Area-comparative Study Based on Group and Severity
Get PDFStuttering is a speech disorders which intermittent interruptions of fluent articulation. Stuttering is an impairment of “Speech that is characterized by frequent repetition or prolongation of sounds or syllables or words that disrupt the rhythmic flow of speech“. This study aims to know the perception of parents toward speech/fluency therapy for PWS in rural areas in Gujarat. A closed-ended questionnaire (yes/no) consisting of 20 questions which were develop helps in gathering information in aspects of the perception of client problem, fluency therapy, and availability of therapist, the duration of therapy session, and their comfortability toward therapist, technique effectiveness, and the improvement in the therapy and implementation in daily life. Thirty parents/caregivers of stuttering clients in that the subjects are divided into two groups, that is, Group-A age range of (10–20 years) and Group-B age range of (20–30 years). These two groups are subdivided into three categories with five subjects in each category, that is, mild, moderate, and sever stuttering. The study was conducted to see the level of perception of stuttering and its therapy. Hence, the results suggested that comparison between Group-A and Group-B. In Group-A, responses were better for (mild, moderate, and severe) as compared to the Group-B (mild, moderate, and severe) responses, because as the person grows older the parents involvement that will be less due to that reason younger subjects responses were better as compared to the older subject responses
Green Tea Catechins: Role as Antiviral Agents
Get PDFGreen Tea Catechins (GTCs) - unarguably the wonder compounds with numerous medicinal properties and health benefits. And most importantly, these benefits include antiviral effects, so significant nowadays in our corona-hit world. The major catechins of green tea are four - epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), epigallocatechin, epicatechin, and epicatechin-gallate. While each one of these has its own unique properties, EGCG, as per different studies, has been reported to be the most effective catechin showing significant antiviral activity against a broad spectrum of human and animal viruses. The antiviral properties of green tea extracts are manifold and target different areas. These include direct inactivation of the virus particles, prevention of entry into the target cell, inhibition of gene expression, inhibition of protein expression, inhibition of intestinal α-glycosidases that are important for processing glyco-conjugates of viruses, and lowering of proliferation of virus. Furtehrmore, a positive correlation between the antioxidant effects of catechins and their antiviral activities has been suggested. The growing concern about our health and the persistent fight while we are amidst the present coronavirus pandemic makes the inhibitory effect of GTCs a promising area of research. Due to their “relief and rectification” properties, these may be considered as a food supplement to ameliorate the harmful and deadly effects of the virus. The bioavailability of these polyphenols has been shown to be influenced by factors such as temperature, food processing methods, food matrix, and interaction with other compounds. Furthermore, the hydrophilic nature of EGCG molecule limits its bioavailability at the site of action. However, this limitation can be overcome and bioavailability of GTCs can be increased by chemical interventions, such as attachment of fatty acids. These ensure wide availability, and even wider use. The leading objective of this review is to collate, summarize and explain the information available on GTCs, and their effect on various pathogenic viruses in humans and animals. The GTCs surely promise to be an important weapon in our armour to fight corona and other pathogens
Identification of miRNA Biomarkers for Non-small Cell Lung Cancer using Microarray Datasets and Bioinformatics Analysis
Get PDFNon-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common type of lung cancer, which accounts for about 81% percent of all lung cancer cases. Despite advances in NSCLC diagnosis and treatment, the mortality rate is still high. Patients with NSCLC have a 5-year survival rate of only 21%. NSCLC is currently diagnosed at an advanced stage when cancer has already metastasized. Hence, it is essential to elucidate the molecular mechanisms associated with NSCLC pathogenesis and identify early diagnostic or predictive biomarkers. Circulating miRNAs might act as non-invasive blood-based biomarkers for NSCLC diagnosis and prognosis. In this study, we used previously published microarray datasets from Gene Expression Omnibus database and identified 12 down-regulated miRNAs in tissue and blood of NSCLC. Further analysis identified three miRNAs that could serve as biomarkers in the diagnosis of NSCLC: miR-140-3p, miR-29c, and miR-199a. The functional enrichment analysis of the candidate microRNA’s target genes disclosed various overrepresented pathways associated with malignancy progression. Seven target genes are identified as hub genes of the PPI network and hold strong predictive power. In addition, the three-gene combination (IL6, SNAI1, and CDK6) shows a hazard ratio of more than one (hr = 1.5) and P-value <0.002. Since the expression levels of these three miRNAs were significantly decreased in both tissue and blood, measuring miRNA expression in the blood also gives information on its expression in tissue. Therefore, these three microRNAs could be used as NSCLC diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers
Development and Validation RP-HPLC Method for Simultaneous Estimation of Dapagliflozin and Saxagliptin in Bulk and Pharmaceutical Dosage Form
Get PDFA simple, precise, sensitive, and rapid reverse phase high performance liquid chromatographic method was developed and validated for simultaneous estimation of Dapagliflozin (DAPA) and Saxagliptin (SAXA) in bulk as well as in tablet formulation according to the ICH guidelines. The chromatographic phase consisted by phosphate buffer: Acetonitrile, pH 4.0 adjusted by glacial acetic acid. The flow rate was adjusted to 0.8 ml/min and UV detection was carried out at 220 nm. Retention time was found to be 2.144 and 3.156 min; respectively. The detector was showed that linear responses over the concentration range 10–24 μg/ml for SAXA and 12–40 μg/ml for DAPA a good correlation coefficient of 0.999. This proposed method is highly sensitive, precise, and accurate which reduces cost of analysis; hence, recommended for routine quality analysis in laboratories
Role of Diltiazem in Combination with Glimepiride in Diabetic Nephropathy in Experimental-induced NIDDM Model
Get PDFDiabetic nephropathy (DN) is a major cause of end-stage renal disease in the general population. It is estimated that DN will eventually develop in about 40% of all patients with diabetes; therefore, the prevention is critical for delaying the development and progression of diabetic kidney disease. Despite extensive efforts, medical advances are still not successful enough to prevent the progression of the disease. In the present study, we focused on the comparison of combination therapies and whether they offered additional renoprotection. Type 2 diabetes mellitus was induced by intraperitoneally administering streptozotocin (STZ) (90 mg/kg) in neonatal rats, and then, these rats were treated with diltiazem (15.0 mg/kg) in combination with glimepiride (0.5 mg/kg) or with pioglitazone (2.5 mg/kg) in combination with glimepiride (0.5 mg/kg). DN markers were evaluated by biochemical and ELISA kits and renal structural changes were examined by light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Results show that the combination of diltiazem with glimepiride is more effective in amelioration of DN than pioglitazone with glimepiride drug therapy due to glycemic control, suppressing albumin excretion rate, total protein excretion rate, and augmented tumor necrosis factor-a signaling during the development of STZ-induced type 2 DN
Plants Associated with Human Fertility and Child Birth in Una District of Himachal Pradesh (India)
Get PDFThe Shivalik ranges divide the plain and Himalayan Mountain peaks and housed many medicinal important plants. One of the densely populated parts of this region includes district Una of Himachal Pradesh which has been thoroughly explored to identify the traditional knowledge in relation to plants associated with human fertility and childbirth-related problems in modern society. Infertility may account for many cases of “unexplained” fertility problems due to one or both partners. The present study revealed that people rely on total 24 plants species within 24 genera, belonging to 19 families that are utilized for various types of human fertility problems and child birth. Out of the total 19 family reported, the family Fabaceae leading with three species, followed by Lauraceae, Poaceae, and Zingiberaceae with two species each. The recorded species represent trees (11 species), shrubs (06), herbs (05), and climbers (02). The present information indicates the use of indigenous knowledge of the local people regarding the use of plant-based medicines to boost natural fertility, helps to maintain a healthy pregnancy, and is also recommended before and after parturition for easy delivery and will tone the uterus and nourish the blood
Assessment of Body Composition among the Sabar Preschool Children of Purulia districts, West Bengal, India
Get PDFThere is scanty information on body composition characteristics among preschool children from underprivileged communities of India. Therefore, the present cross-sectional study was designed to assess the body composition characteristics among Sabar preschool children aged 1-5 years. The present study was conducted at six different villages of three blocks under Purulia district, West Bengal, India. The subjects were randomly selected from house-to-house visit from studied villages. Significant age variations were noticed in mean height, weight, and Body mass index (BMI) among both sexes. Boys showed significant age variation in mean triceps skinfold thickness (TRISKF), whereas the girls showed significant age variation in mean Mid-upper arm circumference. Maximum significant age variation was observed in mean height (Boys: F = 52.36, P < 0.001; Girls: F = 49.78, P < 0.001), and minimum significant age variation was noticed in mean TRISKF among boys (F = 3.78, P < 0.05) and in mean BMI (F = 5.13, P < 0.05). Age-combined mean values of percent body fat (PBF) and fat mass (FM) were significantly higher among girls (20.39% and 2.36 kg) than boys (16.17% and1.84 kg). The Pearson correlation coefficients (r) showed that body composition measurers were significantly correlated with the majority of variables among these children. In conclusion, the results revealed that PBF, FM, and fat-free mass were good indicators to measure the degree of fat deposition, which could be used as a nutritional indicator in terms of leanness
A Cross-Sectional Study to Determine the Use of Online Healthcare Consultancy and Services for Non-communicable Diseases in Middle Age Population during COVID-19 in Bilaspur Chhattisgarh
Get PDFThe aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of use of online healthcare services in urban population age between 40 and 60 years in Bilaspur Chhattisgarh before and during COVID-19 and also to get idea about convenience, affordability, and satisfaction of online healthcare services for non-communicable diseases during COVID-19 in middle-age adults in Bilaspur. The ethical committee of the University of Hyderabad approved this Cross-sectional study which was done using the cluster sampling method, including five major areas of Bilaspur city. Online questionnaire was used containing 11 compulsory questions (objective type) and 3 questions were optional. Data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel and R studio. Responses of 200 participants who are suffering from non communicable diseases (NCDs) were recorded. The prevalence of participants using online healthcare services before COVID 19 is 22.5 and during COVID 19 is 36. Chi-square test was done in the project for 95% confidence interval and the p value came out to be 0.003001, which is significant. There is a positive correlation between convenience, affordability, and satisfaction. More participants are using online healthcare services during COVID-19 for NCDs in Bilaspur. The use of online healthcare services is more in males compared to females