Asian Pacific Journal of Health Sciences
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Antibacterial Activities of Eriocaulon quinquangulare L.
Get PDFThe use of plant and plant parts for the treatment of diseases and disorders is oldest practices by human beings. Still in the modern lifestyle, the rural and the tribal community depends on local plants for their primary health care. Among the plant diversity, less documentation has observed on medicinal plants of wetland. Keeping this in view, Eriocaulon quinquangulare was selected for antibacterial activities against selected pathogenic bacteria. The plant parts were collected from Khurda to Puri districts of Odisha state. The collected plant parts were subjected for plant extraction followed by phytochemical screening and antimicrobial activities. The results revealed that the experimental plant rich with diverse phytochemicals observed sound antimicrobial activities. The present work highlights the importance of wetland and unexplored floral wealth
Insect Repellents: A Review on Available Options and Current Formulation Trends
Get PDFA total of 164,103 dengue cases were recorded in 2021, compared to 205,243 cases in 2019. Since 2008, the case fatality rate has been fewer than 1%. The administration had reviewed the country’s worrisome dengue condition. Dengue cases have all surged dramatically around the world. One among the best way to avoid the bite of mosquito is to use repellents. The previous papers have primarily relied on herbal repellents or synthetic, formulation methods and thud has been unable to compile it in single paper with global forecast and recent products available in market. So, I tried to compile all this matter in this paper. In this review, a survey plants that have a repelling effect, synthetic agents (chemicals with insect repellent), a review of formulation trends, and a global forecast market and products available in the market were conducted
Development of Fog-based Dynamic Load Balancing Framework for Healthcare using Fog Computing
Get PDFFog computing has become one of the leading technologies by conquering the many significant challenges in IoT, Big Data, and Cloud. Computing models are inclining toward Fog than Cloud due to faster processing. The numerous idle devices near the users help overcome the issue of latency found in the Cloud. Resource management through load balancing plays an essential role in efficient data processing. Based on the current pandemic situation, Emergency patient’s vital sign monitoring system for COVID and other variants is implemented with support of dynamic resource load balancing environment. Apart from this, previously, we have faced many such diseases such as plague and flu which were pandemic and have become normal diseases now. Apart from them, there are many critical conditions and diseases such as hypertension, kidney failure, heart attack, cancer, lung, and liver disease that need continuous monitoring. It is not feasible to treat all patients at the hospital as the count is increasing very speedily. There is a need for infrastructure to handle resource issues without any delay in the treatment of patients using the fog computing. The proposed approach DynaReLoad would provide prompt health services and prevent early deaths due to critical conditions. An immediate alert to the doctors will be generated when detecting any abnormality. The effectiveness of DynaReLoad has been analyzed with other load balancing algorithms to achieve a low latency with minimum MakeSpan, better scheduling time, and response time, maximizing load balancing level and resource utilization using iFogSim
Readiness for Practice among Pregraduate Nursing Students in South India: A Cross-sectional Survey
Get PDFBackground: Often the transition from student nurse to a graduate nurse causes stress and fatigue among novice nurses. This study intended to identify the readiness for practice among pregraduate nurses. Methods: A cross-sectional online survey conducted among 195 pregraduate nursing students. Participants filled Modified Casey-Fink Readiness for practice tool. A total of 192 students responded to the survey. Student t-test and ANOVA were used to identify the difference in practice based on demographic variables. Results: Overall mean score of readiness for practice among pregraduate nurses was found to be 58.5 ± 5.58. There was significant difference in readiness for practice in terms of their religion and program of study. Conclusion: To facilitate the smooth transition from student to professional, a planned preparatory program may be useful at the course completion
Prevalence of Anemia among Adolescent Girls in a Rural Area of Indore, Central India
Get PDFBackground: India is one of the countries with the largest prevalence of anemia. The studies about adolescent anemia limited to small population in rural area around Index Medical College Indore. In this study, we aimed to investigate the prevalence of anemia and risk factors among adolescent girls in a PHC in jurisdiction of this institute, where social customs and diet are applied strictly and adopted as taboo in the society. Materials and Methods: The population of study was recruited from 12- to 18-year-old girls from various schools in and around the villages under PHCs having dependent rural population of Index Medical College, Hospital and Research Center, Indore. It also included the adolescent girl patients who applied to Pediatric Outpatient clinics. The criteria of anemia were accepted as the hemoglobin value below 12 g/dl for girls. Thalassemia traits, patients having chronic illness, or taking medication were excluded from the study. The following investigations done were complete blood count, peripheral blood smear study, reticulocyte counts, osmotic fragility test, Sickling test, alkali denaturation test for HbF, and hemoglobin electrophoresis. Results: The girls aged 12–18 years were 196 (23.33%) who were selected for the analysis to know the prevalence and type of anemia. The overall prevalence of anemia was 55.10%. About 108 out of 196 adolescent girls had varying severity of anemia. About 44.90% of girls were found to be non-anemic. Out of all 196 adolescent girls, 77 (70.00%) were mildly anemic, 16 (14.54%) were moderately anemia, and 17 (15.45%) were severely anemic. The Mean and SD values found were 11.23 ± 2.53 gm/dl. In the present study, the analysis of the prevalence of morphological types of anemia revealed that 83 (42.34%) girls had normocytic normochromic blood picture. Whereas the microcytic hypochromic peripheral smears were seen in 45 (22.95%) adolescent girls. The microcytic normochromic anemia was found in 50 (25.51%) cases and macrocytic picture was seen in 12 (6.12%) participants. All were advised Hb electrophoresis. Two of the girls did not report and 15 girls’ sample were analyzed. It showed 1 (0.51%) girl had sickle cell disease, 5 (2.55%) had sickle cell trait, and nine did reveal for sickle thalassemia disease. Conclusion: This study has demonstrated that anemia, among rural girls of small villages and Taluka in Madhya Pradedh, is also high as in other parts of the country. This indicates the importance of including adolescents in the risk group to improve their iron status and the need for planning intervention programs that would increase the hemoglobin levels among adolescent girls through prophylaxis treatment, dietary modification, and helminth control. Increasing the educational level of rural girls would also ensure safe motherhood
Assessment of Nutritional Status and Anthropometry of Pre-School Children
Get PDFChild growth is internationally recognized as an important indicator of nutritional status and health in populations. Nutritional status of children is a proxy indicator for assessing the entire population health status and one of the major predictors of child survival. Anthropometry is the scientific study of body measurements and in expensive and non-invasive methods for assessing children’s developing patterns. The literature found relationship between the age, gender, and anthropometric measures of young children. The present study was conducted to understand the relationship among the age, gender, and anthropometric indices across age and gender of pre-school children. The study sample was pre-school children attending Anganwadi in Tirupati town of Chittor district of Andhra Pradesh who were selected randomly. The results revealed that there was association between age, gender, and anthropometric data of pre-school children
Assessment of Morphological Variation of the Mandibular Condylar Process, Coronoid Process, and Sigmoid Notch in Temporomandibular Joints of Adult Population Using Digital Orthopantomogram Based on Age and Gender –A Cross-sectional Study
Get PDFIntroduction: Orthopantomogram, a form of radiography that uses X-ray technology and is used in the diagnosis and treatment planning in various fields of dentistry, has been found to be less expensive than other advanced imaging modalities such as computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging. Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the shape of mandibular condylar process, coronoid process, and sigmoid notch in various age groups and among the gender. Methods: A study was conducted using 150 digital orthopantomograms of patients. The different shapes of condylar process, coronoid process, and sigmoid notch were traced in computer using Galileos software. Statistical analysis was performed on the data obtained. A Chi-square test was performed to evaluate the P-value which was ascertained to be significant if <0.05. Results: The condylar shapes commonly observed among males and females were round, coronoid process shapes were triangular in shape and round, and sigmoid notches were wide. These variations in condylar process, coronoid process, and sigmoid notch are most commonly seen in the age group of 20–30 years. When compared between gender-wise and age-wise, there were no statistical significance differences found with these variations. Conclusion: In the present study, morphological variation in the shape of the condylar process, coronoid process, and sigmoid notch was observed among the adult population. Knowing these variations can help detect gender, age, and diagnoses of pathologies
Association between Manual Dexterity and Domain Specific Cognition in Subjects with Diabetic Polyneuropathy
Get PDFIntroduction: Type 2 Diabetes is a global concern resulting from longstanding hyperglycaemia. One of its major complication is diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN). This study aimed to understand if any relationship exists between manual dexterity and domains of cognition in DPN patients. Objectives: To assess manual dexterity and domain specific cognition and to evaluate the association between manual dexterity measure and domain specific cognition score in subjects with DPN. Methods: 64 subjects both male and female (35-75 years) diagnosed with DPN were included. Nine Hole Peg Test for assessing manual dexterity and Montreal Cognitive assessment for assessing domain specific cognition are used as outcome measures. Results: A statistically significant but weak correlation between dexterity and Forward Digit Span (r=0.310) (p=0.013) was found. Delayed recall domain (r=-0.97) (p=0.44) showed inverse correlation with dominant hand dexterity. Statistically significant but weak correlation was found between non-dominant hand dexterity and the domains of Forward Digit Span(r=0.33) (p=0.007), Backward Digit Span (r=0.266) (p=0.034), and Sentence Repetition (r=0.243) (p=0.053). Majority of patients demonstrated intact cognition in Naming Domain (76.6%) (N=49), Forward Digit Span (64.1%) (N=41), Backward Digit Span (75%) (N=48), Abstraction Domain (98.4%) (N= 63) and Orientation Domain (64.1%) (N=41). Conclusions: The results imply that all domains of cognition are not affected. There was no significant association between manual dexterity of dominant and non-dominant hand indicating that dexterity may be independent of cognitive domain in patients with DPN
What Do Patients Expect from Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Qualitative Study
Get PDFPatient expectations are key predictors of post-total knee arthroplasty (TKA) health outcomes. The expectations dictate the pain levels, functional outcomes, and disability post-surgery. The study aims at exploring pre-operative expectations of patients from TKA. The study sample (n = 15) consisted of participants diagnosed with knee osteoarthritis who had opted for elective replacement surgery. The mean (SD) age of the participants was 72.07 (5.7). The principles of the qualitative research approach guided the study’s methodology. The primary author conducted face-to-face semi-structured interviews, which were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Each interview lasted for 15–30 min. The transcribed verbatims were thematically analyzed. The participants expected surgery to relieve their pain, improve their functional status, and make them productive for society. They also expected to be socially active and get rid of their medications. Participants lived experiences modulated their expectations. The study findings emphasize that health-care providers must consider the expectations of individuals undergoing surgery. Patients should be educated about realistic goals and attainments from surgery to ensure better post-operative health outcomes
Prevalence and Antimicrobial Sensitivity Pattern of MRSA Isolated from Infection Wound, Catheters Swabs and Sewage Water Samples
Get PDFNosocomial infection is a major problem in the world today. Methicillin- resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains, usually resistant to several antibiotics and also intrinsic resistance to ß- lactam antibiotics, shows a particular ability to spread in hospitals and now present in most of the countries. The present study was carried out to investigate the prevalence of MRSA and their rate of resistance to different anti staphylococcal antibiotics. A total of 100 health care associated (HA) sources such as wound, catheters swabs and sewage water samples were screened for MRSA and their antibiotic resistance pattern was performed. Out of 41 isolated strain of S.aureus, 34% were found to be methicillin resistant. There was high prevalence of MRSA in wound (44%), catheter samples (28%) and (22%) in sewage water sample. Almost all MRSA strains were resistant to penicillin followed by cloxacillin and cephalexin, co-trimoxazole. About 60-70% MRSA strains were resistant to erythromycin, ceftazidime, lincomycin, cephalexin, erythromycin and tetracycline. The determination of prevalence and antibiotic sensitivity pattern of MRSA will help the treating clinicians for first line treatment in referral hospitals