Asian Pacific Journal of Health Sciences
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A Cross-Sectional Study on Prevalence and Pattern of Childhood Injuries in Rural and Urban Communities of Telangana State, South India: Burden of Childhood Injuries
Get PDFBackground: Injuries are leading cause of disability and premature mortality in children below 18 years of age and are a growing public health concern globally. There is an urgent need to understand injury epidemiology and its prevention. Aim: The study aims to identify the prevalence and pattern of injuries and its associated factors among children (≤18 years) in peri-urban communities. Methods: The present cross-sectional community-based survey undertaken in peri-urban communities of Telangana, South India. Two areas each from urban and peri-urban communities were randomly selected from the total clusters of villages under the purview of urban and rural health centers. House-to-house survey was conducted by trained field assistant and data were collected on sociodemographic details, injury history, causes, and consequences, community practices with the help of a structured questionnaire administered to parent/guardian of the children. Results: Study findings identify 53.6% children encountered at least one injury during 1 year period, which was 52.45% among children below 5 years of age, which was documented higher (66.3%) in children between 16 and 18 years age. Overall prevalence shows that 54% were unintentional injuries, 34% intentional injuries, and 12% uninjured. Injury prevalence was higher among rural children than urban children and was slightly higher in boys (53.8%) than girls (51.99%). Conclusions: Multi-faceted approach to document injury burden, strengthening primary health care through for appropriate mechanisms for injury registry and capacity building among gross root health workers, and primary health providers and school safety education is an urgent need in countries like India
Docking Studies of Histone Deacetylases Inhibitors
Get PDFTo augment hits from a high through put screening, a docking study on N-hydroxy phenyl acrylamides and N-hydroxy pyridine-derivatives was performed as histone deacetylases inhibitors. Twenty-nine ligands were docked inside the ligand-binding domain of protein data bank PDB ID: 1C3S utilizing Molegro version 4.02. All 29 compounds, compounds were found to embed in the hydrophobic pocket by forming hydrogen bonds. Almost all compounds were found to have highest MolDock score in comparison to reference or coexisting ligand in protein. The compounds that had highest MolDock score are generally considered better and can be used for further drug designing. The most potent compound was XXVIII having highest MolDock score. Compound XVI was found to have higher number of hydrogen bond interactions comparable to coexisting reference ligand
Prognosis of COVID-19 in Indian Pediatric Population
Get PDFCOVID-19 infection and its various signs and symptoms are still causing significant studies across the world. Although relatively less in prevalence and disease severity, children none the less are also affected by this infection. Most of the research in this regard has been focused on the adults, whereas there is a definite lacuna in the published data in the pediatric COVID-19 cases and its prognosis. India being a large country with significant number of population, which has experienced lot of such cases. The present study aims to explore data from 46 patients <14 years of age with reference to the prognosis of COVID-19 infection done in a semi-urban city in India. The results of this present study concluded that treatment response in children was generally good with oral steroids proving to be beneficial. Children being the most vulnerable section of the community as they are yet to be vaccinated against this new and deadly infection, this study aims to provide valuable insight to the effect of COVID-19 infection in unvaccinated children which also pave the way for further descriptive and elaborate studies to be undertaken on the topic
Assessment of Quality of Life of Children with Cerebral Palsy
Get PDFBackground: Children with cerebral palsy (CP) may have individual experiences and problems that restrict the participation in daily life activities. Quality of life (QOL) in children with CP needs to be quantified by CP-specific questionnaire. CP-QOL questionnaire is being used for this purpose. Objective: The aim of the study was to study the QOL of children with CP as asked by the caregivers of such children in south Indian population. Methodology: A cross-sectional and observational study including 121 participants (Parents/caregivers of children) with CP with age of 4–12 years was asked to complete the CPQOL questionnaire. The CPQOL questionnaire for primary caregivers is used to assess the QOL of children with CP. The study was conducted at the physiotherapy OPD of SRM Hospital, Kattankulathur and was completed after a period of 15 months started from May 2019 till August 2020. Result: The mean QOL score of 37.67 ± 4.57 was calculated using SPSS. Conclusion: The QOL of children with CP was compromised and the CP-QOL can be used to assess the QOL in children with CP
Mental Wellness of School Teachers Using Virual Pedagogy
Get PDFResearch Background: Mental wellness is an issue than a subject to talk over. Everything is getting established on e-stages, such as classes, meetings, and seminars. In addition of getting management of time and easier attention, there are lots of issues along with like as mental retardation of teachers. Methodology: An interview schedule along with the Hero mental wellness scale was used to collect the data. Descriptive research design and purposive sampling technique were used to select the sample for study. Major Findings: The study revealed that most of the respondents were having the extremely happy mental wellness. The study showed that there were no significant differences in mental wellness of respondents across different age group and gender. Conclusion: Major issues are mental health regarding such as migraine, anxiety, and insomnia which results in lack of sleep headache stress depression and several other related issues. Continuously facing the screens of mobile laptop and computers reasonable cause behind all these problems
Anticancer Potential of Triazine Scaffold: A Brief Review
Get PDFTriazine is an important class of heterocyclic compounds. Triazine is a six-membered heterocyclic compound with three carbons replaced by nitrogen in the benzene ring. Triazine and its compounds exhibit a wide variety of pharmacological activity such as antifungal, anti-HIV, anticancer, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antihypertensive, antiviral, antimalarial, antiprotozoal, and antibacterial. The triazine ring has been modified at different positions to generate new molecules. The structure of the new derivatives was characterized by common analytical method. Some examples of triazine compounds commonly used in rational medicine are: Ceftriaxone as an antimicrobial agent and 6-Azacytosine as an antiviral agent. The present review article enumerates on the biological potential of triazine and how it is beneficial to discover more new compounds that could be better in terms of efficacy and lesser toxicity
Positive and Negative Impact of Smart Phone on Study Habits among Students: A Study of Colleges of J&K
Get PDFAims and Objective: The aim of the study is to assess the positive and negative impact of smart phones on study habits among students: A study of colleges of J&K. Materials and Methods: Quantitative research approach was adopted to assess the positive and negative impact of Smart Phone on Health Status among student: A study of colleges of J&K. The present study was conducted at selected college in J&K. Purposive sampling technique was used to select the students who were selected from colleges. The tool was developed by keeping in mind the objectives of the study and prepared after extensive review of literature, internet sources and through discussion with guide, coguide and opinions of various experts in the field of medical health nursing, psychology, psychiatric, social, and preventive medicine. The reliability of the tool was assessed by Cronbach’s alpha method, which was Likert’s scale positive and negative impact of smart phone on study habit Likert’s scale impact of smart phone on psychological health status (r = 0.764). The tool was found to be reliable. The pilot study was carried out on 30 samples to assess the feasibility for conducting main research study and to assess the relevancy of the tool. The pilot study was conducted at BEE ENN nursing college, Jammu. The main data collection was done in the month of March 2021 and April 2021 at selected nursing college in J&K. 250 students were selected for the study using purposive sampling technique. The data analysis was done according to study objectives by using descriptive and inferential statistics. The plan of the data analysis is as follows; frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation were calculated. Chi-square test was used for association. Results: Out of 250 students, according to the age; the majority of students were between 19 and 21 years of age. Students had an average age of 20.51 ± 2.308. According to sex, the majority of 86.4% of students were female. According to family patterns, the majority of 70.8% of people lived in the nuclear family. Based on the monthly household income (Rs), the majority of people had 45.2% of Rupees with 16K to 30K. The monthly average household income was Rs. 32,880 ± 15635.96/month. Our finding suggests that the majority of 42.4% did not use a phone at college. According to social sites, the majority of just over half 52.4% of students used Facebook. In terms of mobile internet use, most of 82.0% of the students used social networking. A majority of 79.6% played mobile games. Most of 80.8% of the students listened to mobile music. Just over half, 51.6% of users did not shop through the mobile app while 48.4% did buying online. The majority 62% of students was using the online banking app. Based on the duration of use each day; the majority of 44% of students spend 1–2 h. Our finding showed that majority of 74% students had good impact on study habit while 26% had bad impact. The average impact on study habit was 47.80 ± 13.316. The present study finding shows the association of impact of study habits and selected variables of pattern of smart phone use among students. As result showed that use of mobile phone at college (χ2 = 24.363, P = 0.001), use of social site (χ2 = 19.356, P = 0.001), use of mobile phone for video call (χ2 =18.651, P = 0.001), most common purpose of using internet by mobile (fisher’s exact value = 19.281, P = 0.001), playing games (χ2 = 84.826, P = 0.001), watching movie (χ2 = 39.719, P = 0.001), online banking (χ2 = 18.045, P = 0.001), and duration of usage per day (fisher’s exact value = 74.168, P = 0.001), found significant at 1%. Hence, the null hypothesis is rejected. It is concluded that pattern of smart phone use among students had significant association on study habits. Conclusion: The study concluded that pattern of smart phone use had significant positive and negative impact on study habits. Nurses role are very important to understand, management and prevention of these of these problems among students
Dental Undergraduate Students View Towards Orthodontic Treatment Based on a Questionnaire Study
Get PDFPerception and Knowledge of orthodontic treatment are pre-requisite for orthodontic treatment-related behavior. Adolescence is the time when a person attains knowledge including the self-awareness about his or her oral health. Hence if proper knowledge is instilled during this time, it will be effective. The aim of this study was to compare the knowledge and perception of dental undergraduates toward orthodontic treatment. This is a descriptive cross-sectional single-center questionnaire study, carried among 449 dental students of dental college among 1st years, 2nd years, 3rd years, final years, and interns at Chengalpet district aged between 18 and 27 years, respectively. The questionnaires consisted of seven knowledge-based and five perception-based questions related to orthodontic treatment. Each question had three answers “yes” “no” and “don’t know.” The data were collected through google forms and total responses were calculated. The mean percentage was calculated and compared between 5 years. The results showed that percentage of knowledge and perception for 1st years, 2nd years, 3rd years, final years and interns increases as they progress from 1st year through internship. Overall the study showed that dental students had good knowledge and perception towards orthodontic treatment but varies among years. First years and 2nd years had lesser knowledge compared to 3rd years. Third year had lesser knowledge compared to final years and interns. Interns and final years have more knowledge compared to 1st years, 2nd years, and 3rd years. Subjects who were in lower age group comprising of 1st, 2nd, and 3rd years showed less knowledge and perception compared to higher age group subjects present in final years and interns towards orthodontic treatment
Preformulation Studies of Livofloxacin as Nanoemulsion for Ocular Drug Delivery
Get PDFObjective: Levofloxacin is the L-isomer of the racemate ofloxacin, a quinolone antimicrobial agent. The objective of this article is to exhibit the quantitative methods used to determine consistency in developmental research. Author represented methods of preformulation for Levofloxacin as ocular nanoemulsion capable of delivering the drug in a sustained manner, thus avoiding frequent instillation of the drops which may induce toxic side effects and cellular damage at the ocular surface. Preformulation studies are essential to make sure the development of established as well as therapeutically safe and effective dosage form. Material and Methods: The preformulation studies, performed in this research include identification of drug, solubility analysis, and partition coefficient and drug compatibility. In current work entire preformulation study was carried out, which contain identification of drug, quantitative estimation of drug, solubility determination, melting point determination, partition coefficient determination, Screening etc. Results: The melting point of Levofloxacin was found to be 223–228°C. The log P value was found to be-0.34 ± 0.05, from which it can be interpreted that drug is highly Lipophilic in nature. The scanned λmax was found to be 298 nm. No significant changes were found when FTIR spectra of physical mixture compared with FTIR spectra of pure drug and excipients. This indicates the absence of any possible interaction between the drug and excipients which confirms the identity and purity of drug. Conclusion: These results propose that Levofloxacin serves as appropriate candidate for the ocular drug delivery system
Trachyspermum ammi: Antimicrobial activity and biochemical analysis against pathogens causing gastrointestinal disturbances
Get PDFThe present study is based on determining pharmacological uses through the antimicrobial activities of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Trachyspermum ammi on selected gastric microbes. The microorganisms used in the study cause gastrointestinal disturbances such as Vibro parahaemolyticus, Campylobacter jejuni, and Escherichia coli. Antimicrobial activity of medicinal plant against selected microbes determined by disc diffusion method. E. coli was the most susceptible microorganism, while C. jejuni was found to be the least susceptible. The highest antimicrobial activity was observed for E. coli (9.6 mm) with both extracts of T. ammi, while the lowest activity was observed for C. jejuni (1.2 mm). Biochemical analysis reveals the presence of carbohydrates, flavonoids, alkaloids, resins, coumarins, phenolic compounds, tannins, etc., in both extracts of T. ammi