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Study of same-sign W boson scattering and anomalous couplings in events with one tau lepton from pp collisions at = 13 TeV
No full textInternational audienceA first measurement is presented of the cross section for the scattering of same-sign W boson pairs via the detection of a lepton. The data from proton-proton collisions at the center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV were collected by the CMS detector at the LHC, and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb. Events were selected that contain two jets with large pseudorapidity and large invariant mass, one lepton, one light lepton (e or ), and significant missing transverse momentum. The measured cross section for electroweak same-sign WW scattering is 1.44 times the standard model prediction. In addition, a search is presented for the indirect effects of processes beyond the standard model via the effective field theory framework, in terms of dimension-6 and dimension-8 operators
Learning in Games with progressive hiding
No full textInternational audienceWhen learning to play an imperfect information game, it is often easier to first start with the basic mechanics of the game rules. For example, one can play several example rounds with private cards revealed to all players to better understand the basic actions and their effects. Building on this intuition, this paper introduces {\it progressive hiding}, an algorithm that learns to play imperfect information games by first learning the basic mechanics and then progressively adding information constraints over time. Progressive hiding is inspired by methods from stochastic multistage optimization such as scenario decomposition and progressive hedging. We prove that it enables the adaptation of counterfactual regret minimization to games where perfect recall is not satisfied. Numerical experiments illustrate that progressive hiding can achieve optimal payoff in a benchmark of emergent communication trading game
Un problème de transport optimal extérieur
No full textInternational audienceThis paper deals with a variant of the optimal transportation problem. Given f ∈ L 1 (R d , [0, 1]) and a cost function c ∈ C(R d × R d) of the form c(x, y) = k(y − x), we minimise ∫ c dγ among transport plans γ whose first marginal is f and whose second marginal is not prescribed but constrained to be smaller than 1 − f. Denoting by Υ(f) the infimum of this problem, we then consider the maximisation problem sup{Υ(f) : ∫ f = m} where m > 0 is given. We prove that maximisers exist under general assumptions on k, and that for k radial, increasing and coercive these maximisers are the characteristic functions of the balls of volume m
Pseudorapidity distributions of charged hadrons in lead-lead collisions at = 5.36 TeV
No full textInternational audienceThe pseudorapidity () distributions of charged hadrons are measured using data collected at the highest ever nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy of = 5.36 TeV for collisions of lead-lead ions. The data were recorded by the CMS experiment at the LHC in 2022 and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 0.30 0.03 b. Using the CMS silicon pixel detector, the yields of primary charged hadrons produced in the range 2.6 are reported. The evolution of the midrapidity particle density as a function of collision centrality is also reported. In the 5% most central collisions, the charged-hadron density in the range 0.5 is found to be 2032 91 (syst), with negligible statistical uncertainty. This result is consistent with an extrapolation from nucleus-nucleus collision data at lower center-of-mass energies. Comparisons are made to various Monte Carlo event generators and to previous measurements of lead-lead and xenon-xenon collisions at similar collision energies. These new data detail the dependence of particle production on the collision energy, initial collision geometry, and the size of the colliding nuclei
Berry Phases in the Bosonization of Nonlinear Edge Modes
No full textInternational audienceWe consider chiral, generally nonlinear density waves in one dimension, modelling the bosonized edge modes of a two-dimensional fermionic topological insulator. Using the coincidence between bosonization and Lie-Poisson dynamics on an affine U(1) group, we show that wave profiles which are periodic in time produce Berry phases accumulated by the underlying fermionic field. These phases can be evaluated in closed form for any Hamiltonian, and they serve as a diagnostic of nonlinearity. As an explicit example, we discuss the Korteweg-de Vries equation, viewed as a model of nonlinear quantum Hall edge modes
Aligning individual brains with Fused Unbalanced Gromov-Wasserstein
No full textIndividual brains vary in both anatomy and functional organization, even within a given species. Inter-individual variability is a major impediment when trying to draw generalizable conclusions from neuroimaging data collected on groups of subjects. Current co-registration procedures rely on limited data, and thus lead to very coarse inter-subject alignments. In this work, we present a novel method for inter-subject alignment based on Optimal Transport, denoted as Fused Unbalanced Gromov Wasserstein (FUGW). The method aligns cortical surfaces based on the similarity of their functional signatures in response to a variety of stimulation settings, while penalizing large deformations of individual topographic organization. We demonstrate that FUGW is well-suited for whole-brain landmark-free alignment. The unbalanced feature allows to deal with the fact that functional areas vary in size across subjects. Our results show that FUGW alignment significantly increases between-subject correlation of activity for independent functional data, and leads to more precise mapping at the group level
A budget impact analysis of a digital monitoring solution in patients treated with oral anticancer agents: a medico-economic analysis of the randomized phase 3 CAPRI trial
No full textInternational audienceBackground/objectives: Remote patient monitoring (RPM) has demonstrated numerous benefits in cancer care, including improved quality of life, overall survival, and reduced medical resource use. This study presents a budget impact analysis of a nurse navigator-led RPM program, based on the CAPRI trial, from the perspective of the French national health insurance (NHI). The study aimed to assess the impact of the program on medical resource utilization and costs.Methods: Medical resource utilization data were collected from both medico-administrative sources and patient-reported questionnaires. Costs were calculated by applying unit costs to resource utilization and estimating the average monthly cost per patient. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to explore different perspectives and varying resource consumption.Results: The analysis included 559 cancer patients participating in the CAPRI program. From the NHI perspective, the program resulted in average savings of €377 per patient over the 4.58-month follow-up period, mainly due to reduced hospitalizations. The all-payers perspective yielded even greater savings of €504 per patient. Sensitivity analyses supported the robustness of the findings.Conclusion: The budget impact analysis demonstrated that the CAPRI RPM program was associated with cost savings from the perspective of the NHI. The program's positive impact on reducing hospitalizations outweighed the additional costs associated with remote monitoring. These findings highlight the potential economic benefits of implementing RPM programs in cancer care. Further research is warranted to assess the long-term cost-effectiveness and scalability of such programs in the real-world settings
Theoretical study of the non-covalent functionalization of carbon nanotubes for NO and CO detection
No full textInternational audienceSensing CO and NO gases at room temperature (RT) is of great significance for various industrial and environmental sectors including, pollution monitoring, commercial safety, and medical services, among others. Nanomaterials such as single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) have emerged as promising candidates for RT gas-sensing applications due to their unique intrinsic properties. Herein, we reported a theoretical study of semiconductor-SWNTs (8,0) as sensitive layer for CO and NO detection. To improve their sensing performance, semiconductor-SWNTs (8,0) were non-covalently functionalized with a series of metalloporphyrins and metallophthalocyanines molecules such as cobalt(II)-phthalocyanine (Pht-Co), cobalt(II)-porphyrin (Por-Co) and iron(II)-porphyrin (Por-Fe). A charge transfer between the functionalizing molecules and SWNTs induces n-type doping of SWNTs. The functionalized SWNTs exhibited superior sensitivity and attachment capacity toward NO and CO compared to pristine SWNTs. By analyzing the interaction between gases and different functionalized SWNTs molecules, the results showed that NO acts as an electron acceptor with all systems. However, CO reacts as an electron donor with Por-Co and Pht-Co functionalized SWNTs and as an electron acceptor with SWNT (8,0) + Por-Fe. From the set of tested molecules, Por-Co is the best candidate for selective detection of both CO and NO with different signals depending on the gas nature
Learning interactions between Rydberg atoms
No full text19 pages, 11 figuresInternational audienceQuantum simulators have the potential to solve quantum many-body problems that are beyond the reach of classical computers, especially when they feature long-range entanglement. To fulfill their prospects, quantum simulators must be fully controllable, allowing for precise tuning of the microscopic physical parameters that define their implementation. We consider Rydberg-atom arrays, a promising platform for quantum simulations. Experimental control of such arrays is limited by the imprecision on the optical tweezers positions when assembling the array, hence introducing uncertainties in the simulated Hamiltonian. In this work, we introduce a scalable approach to Hamiltonian learning using graph neural networks (GNNs). We employ the Density Matrix Renormalization Group (DMRG) to generate ground-state snapshots of the transverse field Ising model realized by the array, for many realizations of the Hamiltonian parameters. Correlation functions reconstructed from these snapshots serve as input data to carry out the training. We demonstrate that our GNN model has a remarkable capacity to extrapolate beyond its training domain, both regarding the size and the shape of the system, yielding an accurate determination of the Hamiltonian parameters with a minimal set of measurements. We prove a theorem establishing a bijective correspondence between the correlation functions and the interaction parameters in the Hamiltonian, which provides a theoretical foundation to our learning algorithm. Our work could open the road to feedback control of the positions of the optical tweezers, hence providing a decisive improvement of analog quantum simulators
Test of lepton flavour universality with decays
No full textInternational audienceThe first test of lepton flavour universality between muons and electrons using () decays is presented. The measurement is performed with data from proton-proton collisions collected by the LHCb experiment at centre-of-mass energies of 7, 8 and 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of . The ratio of branching fractions between and decays is measured in the dilepton invariant-mass-squared range and is found to be , in agreement with the Standard Model prediction. The first observation of the decay is also reported