International Journal of Agricultural Research, Innovation and Technology (IJARIT)
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Dunnigan lipodystrophy syndrome: French National Diagnosis and Care Protocol (PNDS; Protocole National de Diagnostic et de Soins)
No full textInternational audienceDunnigan syndrome, or Familial Partial Lipodystrophy type 2 (FPLD2; ORPHA 2348), is a rare autosomal dominant disorder due to pathogenic variants of the LMNA gene. The objective of the French National Diagnosis and Care Protocol (PNDS; Protocole National de Diagnostic et de Soins), is to provide health professionals with a guide to optimal management and care of patients with FPLD2, based on a critical literature review and multidisciplinary expert consensus. The PNDS, written by members of the French National Reference Center for Rare Diseases of Insulin Secretion and Insulin Sensitivity (PRISIS), is available on the French Health Authority website (in French). Dunnigan syndrome is characterized by a partial atrophy of the subcutaneous adipose tissue and by an insulin resistance syndrome, associated with a risk of metabolic, cardiovascular and muscular complications. Its prevalence, assessed at 1/100.000 in Europe, is probably considerably underestimated. Thorough clinical examination is key to diagnosis. Biochemical testing frequently shows hyperinsulinemia, abnormal glucose tolerance and hypertriglyceridemia. Elevated hepatic transaminases (hepatic steatosis) and creatine phosphokinase, and hyperandrogenism in women, are common. Molecular analysis of the LMNA gene confirms diagnosis and allows for family investigations. Regular screening and multidisciplinary monitoring of the associated complications are necessary. Diabetes frequently develops from puberty onwards. Hypertriglyceridemia may lead to acute pancreatitis. Early atherosclerosis and cardiomyopathy should be monitored. In women, polycystic ovary syndrome is common. Overall, the management of patients with Dunnigan syndrome requires the collaboration of several health care providers. The attending physician, in conjunction with the national care network, will ensure that the patient receives optimal care through regular follow-up and screening. The various elements of this PNDS are described to provide such a support
Dynamics around non-spherical symmetric bodies - I. The case of a spherical body with mass anomaly
No full textInternational audienceThe space missions designed to visit small bodies of the Solar system boosted the study of the dynamics around non-spherical bodies. In this vein, we study the dynamics around a class of objects classified by us as non-spherical symmetric bodies, including contact binaries, triaxial ellipsoids, and spherical bodies with a mass anomaly, among others. In this work, we address the results for a body with a mass anomaly. We apply the pendulum model to obtain the width of the spin-orbit resonances raised by non-asymmetric gravitational terms of the central object. The Poincaré surface of section technique is adopted to confront our analytical results and to study the system's dynamics by varying the parameters of the central object. We verify the existence of two distinct regions around an object with a mass anomaly: a chaotic inner region that extends beyond the corotation radius and a stable outer region. In the latter, we identify structures remarkably similar to those of the classical restrict and planar three-body problem in the Poincaré surface of sections, including asymmetric periodic orbits associated with 1:1+p resonances. We apply our results to a Chariklo with a mass anomaly, obtaining that Chariklo rings are probably related to first kind periodic orbits and not with 1:3 spin-orbit resonance, as proposed in the literature. We believe that our work presents the first tools for studying mass anomaly systems
A crustal control on the Fe isotope systematics of volcanic arcs revealed in plutonic xenoliths from the Lesser Antilles.
No full textInternational audienceLavas produced at subduction zones represent the integration of both source heterogeneity and an array of crustal processes, such as: differentiation; mixing; homogenisation; assimilation. Therefore, unravelling the relative contribution of the sub-arc mantle source versus these crustal processes is difficult when using the amalgamated end products in isolation. In contrast, plutonic xenoliths provide a complementary record of the deeper roots of the magmatic plumbing system and provide a unique record of the true chemical diversity of arc crust. Here, we present the ^56Fe record from well characterised plutonic xenoliths from two distinct volcanic centres in the Lesser Antilles volcanic arc – the islands of Martinique and Statia. The primary objective of this study is to test if the Fe isotope systematics of arc lavas are controlled by sub-arc mantle inputs or during subsequent differentiation processes during a magma's journey through volcanic arc crust. The Fe isotopic record, coupled to petrology, trace element chemistry and radiogenic isotopes of plutonic xenoliths from the two islands reveal a hidden crustal reservoir of heavy Fe that previously hasn't been considered. Iron isotopes are decoupled from radiogenic isotopes, suggesting that crustal and/or sediment assimilation does not control the Fe systematics of arc magmas. In contrast to arc lavas, the cumulates from both islands record MORB-like ^56Fe values. In Statia, ^56Fe decreases with major and trace element indicators of differentiation (SiO2, Na2O+K2O, Eu/Eu*, Dy/Yb), consistent with fractionating mineral assemblages along a line of liquid descent. In Martinique, ^56Fe shows no clear relationship with most indicators of differentiation (apart from Dy/Yb), suggesting that the 56Fe signature of the plutonic xenoliths has been overprinted by later stage processes, such as percolating reactive melts. Together, these data suggest that magmatic processes within the sub-arc crust overprint any source variation of the sub-arc mantle and that a light Fe source is not a requirement to produce the light Fe isotopic compositions recorded in volcanic arc lavas. Therefore, whenever possible, the complimentary plutonic record should be considered in isotopic studies to understand the relative control of the mantle source versus magmatic processes in the crust
Digitally transformed home office impacts on job satisfaction, job stress and job productivity. COVID-19 findings
No full textInternational audienceIn these times of successive lockdown periods due to the health crisis induced by COVID-19, this paper investigates how the usages of collaborative and communication digital tools (groupware, workflow, instant messaging and web conference) are related to the evolution of teleworkers' subjective well-being (job satisfaction, job stress) and job productivity comparing during and before the first lockdown in spring 2020. Using a sample of 438 employees working for firms located in Luxembourg, this analysis enables, first, to highlight different profiles of teleworkers regarding the evolution of usages of these tools during the lockdown compared to before and the frequency of use during. Second, the analysis highlights that these profiles are linked to the evolution of job satisfaction, job stress and job productivity. Our main results show that (1) the profile that generates an increase in job productivity is the one with a combined mastered daily or weekly use of all of the four studied digital tools but at the expense of job satisfaction. On the contrary, (2) the use of the four digital tools both before and during the lockdown, associated with an increase in the frequency of use, appears to generate too much information flow to deal with and teleworkers may suffer from information overload that increases their stress and reduces their job satisfaction and job productivity. (3) The habit of using the four tools on a daily basis before the lockdown appears to protect teleworkers from most of the adverse effects, except for an increase in their job stress. Our results have theoretical and managerial implications for the future of the digitally transformed home office. Copyright: © 2022 Martin et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited
« Les quatre fantastiques selon Erik L'Homme : amitié et marginalité dans la trilogie Phaenomen »,
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Effects of long-term loading on Moabi wood beams in the tropical environment of Gabon: variability in properties and effects of exposure conditions on mechanical properties in 3-point bending tests
No full textInternational audienceThis work is devoted to 3-point bending tests performed on tropical specimens of Moabi (Baillonella toxisperma) from Gabon. The beams are formerly subjected to long-term loading in three media (air-conditioned, unsheltered and sheltered outdoor) in a tropical environment. The beams were sawn into nine 340 mm long sections and subdivided into three sections in the vertical direction (top section, middle section and bottom section). From each section, two specimens were extracted for the bending test, two for the tensile test and four for the compression test. In the present study, 81 bending specimens with a cross-section of 15 x 15 mm2 and a length of 300 mm were used. The tests for the determination of the local modulus of elasticity and failure strength in bending were carried out according with NF EN 408. The results obtained show a strong influence of time and exposure environments on the mechanical parameters (bending strength and modulus of elasticity). There is also a strong variability of these mechanical parameters along the length of the beams with a clear correlation between the sampling areas and the level of exposure; this confirms quite well the level of complexity of the wood material
Paradigmes de communication : lectures et discussions à partir des travaux de Jean-Chrétien Ekambo
No full textInternational audienceEn Afrique subsaharienne francophone, Jean-Chrétien Ekambo est considéré comme l’un des généalogues des Sciences de l’information et de la communication (SIC). Penseur critique, les travaux menés depuis la décennie 1970, marquent de son empreinte le champ des sciences humaines et sociales. De l’analyse institutionnelle des médias à l’anthropologie, la philosophie et la psychologie de la communication en passant par l’épistémologie, ses recherches travaillent plusieurs domaines dans la discipline. Loin d’être une hagiographie, voire une exégèse, la présente contribution met en évidence son apport pour le développement d’une approche communicationnelle critique, à partir d’une herméneutique des paradigmes de communication. Elle rend également hommage à ce chercheur infatigable, qui a beaucoup œuvré pour l’internationalisation des SIC africaines dans la communauté scientifique-monde
Gas Monitoring of Volcanic-Hydrothermal Plumes in a Tropical Environment: The Case of La Soufrière de Guadeloupe Unrest Volcano (Lesser Antilles)
No full textInternational audienceFumarolic gas survey of dormant volcanoes in hydrothermal activity is crucial to detect compositional and mass flux changes in gas emissions that are potential precursors of violent phreatic or even magmatic eruptions. Here we report on new data for the chemical compositions (CO 2 , H 2 S, SO 2 ) and fluxes of fumarolic gas emissions (97–104°C) from La Soufrière volcano in Guadeloupe (Lesser Antilles) obtained from both mobile MultiGas measurements and permanent MultiGas survey. This paper covers the period 2016–2020, encompassing a period of enhanced hydrothermal unrest including an abrupt seismic energy release (M 4.1) on April 27, 2018. Our dataset reveals fumarolic CO 2 /H 2 S and SO 2 /H 2 S gas trends correlated to the evolution of surface activity and to other geochemical and geophysical parameters. We demonstrate that, even under tropical conditions (high humidity and rainfall), MultiGas surveys of low-T fumarolic emissions permit to distinguish deeply sourced signals of volcanic unrest from secondary changes in degassing due to shallow forcing processes such as water-gas-rock interactions in the hydrothermal system and meteorological effects
The Birmingham 2022 Commonwealth Games: Where from, What for, and Where to?
No full textPaper presented at the research seminar on “Cultural Encounters in English-Speaking Societies”, 1 March 2022, Institute of Education (INSPE), University of Reunion Island.Regarded by some as the second most important multi-sport competition after the Olympic Games, the Commonwealth Games are a periodical event organized every four years. Also known as the "Friendly Games", they are only open to athletes from the Commonwealth of Nations. The 2022 Commonwealth Games will be held in Birmingham, England. As tradition has it since the 6th British Empire and Commonwealth Games held in Cardiff in 1958, the Queen's Baton Relay was launched prior to the competition. Carrying out a message from the Head of the Commonwealth, currently Queen Elizabeth II, the Queen's Baton flew out from Birmingham airport in October 2021. It thus began a journey around the world during which it is expected to cover more than 140 000 kilometers (90 000 miles) and to visit 72 Commonwealth nations and territories. The final batonbearer will then return the Baton to the Queen during the Opening Ceremony on 28 July. The aim of this paper is to provide historical beacons to help students understand what is at stake with the 2022 Commonwealth Games. We will be looking at history and the origins of the Commonwealth Games, starting with the first Empire Games held in Hamilton in 1930. The paper will then focus on the purpose of the Games, and sports diplomacy within the Commonwealth. Contemporary concerns and controversies will eventually be mentioned to provide food for thought
Zika vector competence data reveals risks of outbreaks: the contribution of the European ZIKAlliance project
No full textInternational audienceFirst identified in 1947, Zika virus took roughly 70 years to cause a pandemic unusually associated with virus-induced brain damage in newborns. Zika virus is transmitted by mosquitoes, mainly Aedes aegypti , and secondarily, Aedes albopictus , both colonizing a large strip encompassing tropical and temperate regions. As part of the international project ZIKAlliance initiated in 2016, 50 mosquito populations from six species collected in 12 countries were experimentally infected with different Zika viruses. Here, we show that Ae. aegypti is mainly responsible for Zika virus transmission having the highest susceptibility to viral infections. Other species play a secondary role in transmission while Culex mosquitoes are largely non-susceptible. Zika strain is expected to significantly modulate transmission efficiency with African strains being more likely to cause an outbreak. As the distribution of Ae. aegypti will doubtless expand with climate change and without new marketed vaccines, all the ingredients are in place to relive a new pandemic of Zika