Procter & Gamble (United Kingdom)
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Kontrola razmnožavanja i prodaje kućnih ljubimaca u svetlu izmena zakona o dobrobiti životinja
No full textAutori u radu razmatraju problematiku kontrole razmnožavanja i prodaje kućnih
ljubimaca kroz analizu postojećeg normativnog okvira, ukazivanjem na problematična
rešenja, praznine i kontradiktornosti i s tim u vezi praktične posledice neadekvatne
uređenosti ove oblasti. Razmnožavanje kućnih ljubimaca se analizira na nekoliko načina. S
jedne strane, ukazuje se na sporna rešenja u vezi sa reprodukcijom kućnih ljubimaca kojom
mogu da se bave i vlasnici, odnosno držaoci kućnih ljubimaca, dok se s druge strane kritički
razmatra pitanje regulisanosti razmnožavanja životinja u odgajivačnicama životinja. U
vezi sa tim, autori ističu veliki problem neregistrovanih (nelegalnih) odgajivačnica. Autori
se u radu bave i prodajom kućnih ljubimaca koja takođe nije na zadovoljavajući način
normativno uređena, pri čemu se i u tom segmentu u praksi uočava niz problema, poput
postojanja tzv. pet šopova koji prodaju pojedine vrste životinja bez potrebnih dozvola za tu
delatnost. Poseban osvrt autori čine u pogledu pitanja kontrole razmnožavanja i prodaje
kunića kao kućnih ljubimaca s obzirom na to da su veoma rasprostranjeni kao kućni lju
bimci, ali nedovoljno prepoznati u normativnim rešenjima u ovoj oblasti.Zbornik radov
By modification of feed mixtures for laying hens to production of selenium enriched egg
No full textZbornik sažetak
Increased primary DNA damage caused by thyroid hormone in various phases of type 2 diabetes mellitus
No full textDiabetes mellitus is a major health concern, especially in developed countries. In the last few
decades type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) became epidemic. It is well established that patients
with T2DM have increased oxidative stress which cause damage to various biomolecules
including DNA. Thyroid hormone increases the aerobic metabolism and reactive oxygen
species production. Therefore, it is not surprising that thyroid hormone influences the
development of T2DM and its outcome. Thus, the aim of this investigation was to examine
whether peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from healthy persons exhibit less DNA
damage (in the alkaline Comet assay) resulting from triiodothyronine (T3) treatment (0.1, 1 and 10 μM) in comparison to PBMCs from obese, prediabetic and diabetic patients. Untreated cells
were the negative, and 100 μМ H2O2 the positive control. In addition, the levels of certain
parameters of oxidative stress (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances - TBARS, catalase) and
lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were monitored. PBMCs from prediabetic and diabetic patients
exhibited heightened sensitivity to T3 resulting in elevated levels of DNA damage, inhibition
of catalase, and the increase in TBARS and LDH. PBMCs from obese patients reacted in the
same manner, except for DNA damage. In conclusion, increased propensity to oxidative stress
and DNA damage is present in early phases of T2DM, even before the diagnosis is established.
This research may contribute to a better understanding of the role of T3 in the development and
progression of T2DM and help in the development of novel therapeutic approaches aimed to
avoid diabetes complications.Book of abstract
Impact of garlic polysulfide supplementation on biochemical and hematological parameters in dairy cows
No full textIn recent years, there have been numerous research activities related to the use
of different herbal agents, especially those originating from chestnuts and garlic,
as alternatives to synthetic growth promoters like antibiotics. Garlic and its active
ingredients have been studied for their potential benefits, such as improving feed intake,
production performance, rumen fermentation, and udder health. The aim of our study
was to investigate the influence of garlic polysulfides, including diallyl polysulfide and
dipropyl polysulfide, on hematological and biochemical parameters in dairy cows, as
well as their possible effect on subclinical mastitis therapy.Eighteen late lactation Holstein cows were divided into three numerically equal groups
(n=6): CON (non-supplemented cows), ALL (supplemented with 1000 mg/day of
diallyl polysulfide), and PRP (supplemented with 1000 mg/day of dipropyl polysulfide).
Blood sampling for hematological and biochemical analyses as well as the California
mastitis test (CMT) test were performed before and after the 15-day study.
The results showed that garlic supplementation significantly increased blood leukocyte
count and blood glucose concentration (p<0.05, respectively), and significantly
decreased blood urea concentration (p<0.05) after the 15-day trial in both ALL and
PRP groups compared with the day 0. In the supplemented groups, the CMT score
was significantly lower (p<0.05, respectively) after the 15-day treatment compared with
the CON group. The use of different mixtures of biologically active garlic polysulfides
in the diet could improve immune and metabolic status, as well as support mastitis
treatments in dairy cows
Manifestation of pain in dairy cows with reference to enteric methane emission
No full textImpaired health causes discomfort and pain in animals and can also influence the increase in
methane emissions in dairy cows. The pain experienced by an animal is most easily determined
by observing changes in behavior. In this study, the presence of pain was assessed in 120 Holstein-Friesian cows in a tied housing system based on the sum of the values of seven
behavioral parameters. In 36 cows, the emission of enteric methane was also measured. The
presence of pain was detected in 75.83% of the observed cows. Among the behavioral changes,
lower head posture (in 90% of cows) was the most frequently observed, and lack of attention to
the environment (in 5.83%) was less frequently observed. Positive correlations with different
levels of significance were found between the pain score and: the values of the observed
behavioral parameters, the age of the cow and the clinically existing or recently treated disease,
most frequently hoof disease. The amount of methane measured was positively correlated with
the posture of the cow, i.e. the appearance of the back line (p<0.05). The results suggest that
certain changes in cow behavior may have multiple clinical significance. Knowing the behavior
that indicates pain can contribute to the timely treatment of the animal or to the elimination of
the causative factors and thus to a better welfare of the animal.Book of abstract
Nutritional composition, technological quality, and sensory attributes of chicken breast meat affected by white striping, wooden breast, and spaghetti meat: A comprehensive evaluation
No full textThis study assessed the impact of growth-related myopathies—white striping (WS), wooden
breast (WB), and spaghetti meat (SM)—on the technological properties, lipid and protein oxidation,
chemical composition, and profiles of fatty acids (FAs), amino acids, minerals, and sensory attributes
of pectoralis major muscles in broiler chickens. Breasts with myopathies had similar pH and lightness
but exhibited lower redness and yellowness in the case of WB defect compared to normal meat
(p < 0.05). The WB samples also showed higher cooking losses than normal meat and increased
shear force compared to the SM samples (p < 0.01). Moreover, WB meat showed lower protein
content (p < 0.001) than the normal and SM samples but the highest glycine content (p < 0.05). The
WB meat also exhibited significant alterations in FA composition, with higher levels (p< 0.05) of
C18:2n6, C22:6n3, n3 PUFA, n6 PUFA, and total PUFA compared to the normal and SM samples.
The presence of myopathies did not influence the meat mineral composition, oxidative pattern,
or sensory properties. In conclusion, growth-related myopathies in broiler chickens impact the
technological quality and chemical composition of their breast meat, with WB showing the most
significant alterations in protein content and FA composition. These changes indicate potential
challenges to processing and nutritional quality, though sensory attributes remain largely unaffected
Carapace morphology variations in captive tortoises: Insights from three-dimensional analysis
No full textThe carapace morphology of tortoises is a crucial characteristic used for species identification,
with features such as shell shape, roughness, and color patterns varying among species.
Understanding this morphological diversity is valuable not only for taxonomic classification but also
for more specialized clinical approaches. This study investigated the morphological differences in
the shells of Leopard tortoises (Stigmochelys pardalis), African spurred tortoises (Centrochelys sulcata),
and Greek tortoises (spur-thighed tortoises; Testudo graeca) raised in captivity. Using 3D scanners, the
carapaces were modeled, and a 3D geometric morphometric method was employed to analyze shape
variations and dimensional features, with landmarks applied automatically. Among the species
studied, African spurred tortoises had the largest carapace size. Principal component analysis (PCA)
identified PC1 and PC3 as critical factors in distinguishing between species based on morphological
characteristics. Positive PC1 values, associated with a shorter carapace height, indicated a flatter or
more compact shell shape. A higher PC3 value corresponded to a raised shape at the back of the
shell, while a lower PC3 value indicated a raised shape at the front. Specifically, Leopard tortoises
exhibited a higher carapace shape than the other species, while African spurred tortoises had shorter
carapaces. An allometric effect was observed in the carapaces, where smaller specimens tended to
be proportionately higher-domed, whereas larger shells displayed a lower height in shape. These findings highlight the significance of shape variations in tortoise shells, which emerge during adaptation
and have important implications for taxonomy and clinical practice. Such differences should be
carefully considered in veterinary care and species identification
Evaluation of genotoxic and genoprotective effects of Agaricus bisporus extract on AmE-711 honey bee cell line in the Comet assay
No full textMushroom extracts have been shown to contain bioactive compounds that confer health benefits to humans and animals, including honey bees. Honey bees are often challenged simultaneously with several abiotic (e.g., pesticides and poor nutrition) and biotic (e.g., parasites and pathogens) stressors. Mushroom extracts, for example, those made from Agaricus bisporus, may hold the potential to mitigate the negative effects of these stressors through actions on the honey bee’s immune system, metabolism, and other physiological processes. Exploring the health benefits of mushroom extracts for honey bees requires a basic understanding of their bioactive properties at the cellular level. The aim of the present study was to evaluate, for the first time, the genotoxic and antigenotoxic potential of A. bisporus on the honey bee cell line AmE-711 using the comet assay. Three increasing concentrations of A. bisporus water extract (100, 200, and 400 µg/mL) were tested. The cells in the negative control group were not treated either with A. bisporus extract or with H2O2. In the positive control group, DNA damage was induced with 100 µM H2O2. For antigenotoxic effect, tested extracts were mixed and incubated with H2O2. None of the tested concentrations exerted genotoxic potential, but all showed antigenotoxic effects against H2O2-induced DNA damage. The concentration of 200 μg/mL A. bisporus extract was the most effective in its action against DNA damage. To conclude, A. bisporus extract did not demonstrate genotoxic effects but showed promising antigenotoxic properties. AmE-711 cell line may serve as a cell culture system for genotoxicity investigations
Upotreba modifikovane apgar skale u oceni vitalnosti novorođene prasadi
No full textBroj živorođene i zalučene prasadi po krmači predstavlja jedan od najznačajnijih
pokazatelja uspešnosti i profitabilnosti svinjarske proizvodnje. Visokoselekcionisane krmače
daju legla koja fiziološki ne mogu sama da othrane, što uz manju telesnu masu oprašene
prasadi, predstavlja jedan od većih izazova moderne svinjarske proizvodnje. Iz tog razloga
postoji potreba za primenom odgovarajućih strategija kako bi se što veći broj prasadi doveo
do momenta zalučenja. Najčešće primenjene strategije podrazumevaju razdvajanje legla i
formiranje dva manja (engl. split suckling), premeštanje prasadi pod krmaču sa slobodnim
mamarnim kompleksima (engl. cross fostering), upotreba krmače dojilje i upotreba zamena za
mleko. Nekada je nezaobilazno žrtvovanje određenog broja prasadi zarad boljeg napredovanja
ostale prasadi iz istog legla. Od presudnog značaja je predviđanje potencijala prasadi u leglu u
ranom periodu, koje je omogućeno sve češćom upotrebom modifikovane APGAR skale, koja
je preuzeta iz humane medicine. Upotreba APGAR skale podrazumeva bodovanje pojedinih
parametara na osnovu kojih se dodeljuje ocena novorođenčetu, kao osnovni pokazatelj njegove
vitalnosti. Pored broja respiracija, boje kože, telesne temperature, refleksa sisanja i
oglašavanja, pojedine forme APGAR skale uključuju i izgled pupčane vrpce, izgled placente,
oblik glave i zaprljanost mekonijumom, kako bi se što lakše razlučila prasad sa intrauterinim
retardacijama od zdravih, i bila preduzeta najbolja strategija za to leglo. Ovakav pristup
podrazumeva ocenu svake pojedinačne jedinke u leglu, što je često vremenski zahtevno, usled
čega su osmišljene i skale za ocenu celih legala. Značaj adekvatnog pristupa leglima sa velikim
brojem prasadi se prvenstveno ogleda u dobrobiti i humanom postupanju sa životinjama.
Napred navedeno mora biti uzeto u obzir zbog pooštravanja pravilnika iz oblasti Zakona o
dobrobiti životinja i usklađivanja sa regulativama Evropske Unije, što će se direktno odraziti
na mogućnosti izvoza i profitabilnost same proizvodnje.Zbornik radov
Chestnut tannin supplementation can improve immune response and kidney function in prepartum dairy cows
Get PDFDue to their antiketogenic and antioxidant effects, chestnut
tannins may offer a viable approach to manage the impaired immune and
renal functions in transition cows. This study aimed to investigate the effects of
dietary supplementation with chestnut tannins on haematological, biochemical
and antioxidant indices, as well as cortisol levels in prepartum dairy cows.
Forty multiparous Holstein cows were divided into two homogeneous groups
(n = 20): a control (CON), and an experimental group (CNT) receiving
20 g/day of chestnut tannins for the last 25 ± 2 days of pregnancy. Haematological
and biochemical indices, cortisol concentration and total antioxidant capacity
(T-AOC) were measured in blood samples collected 25 (day −25) and 5 days
(day −5) before the expected parturition. The addition of chestnut tannins
exerted no significant effect on red blood cells indices; however, white blood cell
(P = 0.02), lymphocyte (P = 0.05) and platelet (P < 0.01) counts were higher,
while the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (P = 0.03) was lower on day −5 in the
CNT group compared to the CON group. Significantly higher values of T-AOC
(P = 0.03) and significantly lower levels of triglycerides (P = 0.03) and gammaglutamyl
transferase (P = 0.02) were also found in CNT compared to CON on
day −5. The improved haematological profile in CNT cows was accompanied
by lower serum creatinine concentration (P = 0.04), while total protein, calcium,
phosphorus and cortisol did not differ significantly between CNT and CON cows.
These data demonstrate that dietary chestnut tannin supplementation in a closeup
diet has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, and could potentially mitigate
immune suppression and kidney dysfunction near parturition. Further research
should be conducted concerning the mechanisms underlying these responses