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Cooked-emulsified rabbit meat sausages: A potential solution to increase rabbit meat consumption
No full textThe aim of this research was to develop cooked-emulsified rabbit meat sausages with or without reduced fat content and to assess the impact of completely replacing rabbit adipose tissue with inulin on the sausage quality and acceptability, while also considering sustainability aspects.Accordingly, two groups of rabbit meat sausages were produced: the RM group (rabbit meat sausages with regular fat content) and the RMI group (rabbit meat sausages with added inulin as a fat substitute). Additionally, two control groupswere included: the P group (pork sausages with regular fat content) and the PI group (pork sausages with added inulin as a substitute for back fat). Chemical, microbiological, and sensory analyses were conducted, along with instrumental color and texture determination of theexperimental sausages. In terms of chemical composition, rabbit meat sausages had significantly higher moisture content (P0.05), and significantly lower fat content (P0.05) but had a significantly lower redness value than pork sausages (P0.05). In conclusion, the formulation of RMI sausages has an advantage over the RM formulation in terms of technological and nutritional aspects
The Water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) as an autochthonous genetic and dairy resource in Republic of Serbia
No full textAutochthonous breeds are considered valuable reservoirs of genetic diversity owing to their capacity to adapt to specific ecological and economic conditions. Among these, the water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) holds particular importance in European agriculture, especially in Italy, Romania, Bulgaria, and parts of the Balkans. In Serbia, buffalo populations have traditionally been concentrated along major river basins. Most herds are found in central and southern Serbia, restricted to areas where traditional buffalo husbandry has been maintained due to geographic factors and cultural prac-tices. However, according to FAO data, their numbers have markedly declined over the past decades, with some local populations approaching extinction. Over the past five years, the Serbian water buf-falo population has ranged between approximately 1,100 and 1,600 head, peaking in 2022. According to the most recent records, the population now numbers just under 1,500 animals. In general, water buffalo are classified into Swamp and River subspecies, each with unique production traits and geo-graphic distributions. Swamp buffalo are primarily kept in South and Southeast Asia, where they serve as draught animals and produce modest quantities of milk and meat. In contrast, River buffalo, which predominate in Europe, have been selectively bred for high milk yields and are the foundation of traditional dairy industries that produce specialty cheeses highly valued by consumers. Buffalo milk is characterized by its rich composition, containing 6–8% fat, elevated protein levels, and a high proportion of total solids, making it particularly suitable for processing into mozzarella and various traditional cheeses. In addition to their valuable milk traits, buffalo are recognized for their ability to thrive under suboptimal conditions, their effective feed utilization, and their resilience to various infectious diseases. Conservation of this genetic resource is fundamental for maintaining adaptive capacity and supporting the socio-economic sustainability of rural production systems. It is essential to implement selection and conservation programs and promote the valorization of buffalo-derived products in order to preserve this culturally valuable species in Europe.Book of abstract
Arahnide, stonoge, žabe i puževi – jestive vrste, nutritivna vrednost i bezbednost
No full textLike insects, arachnids and myriapods have a long his- tory of traditional consumption in many regions of the world. This review presents a comprehensive list of edible arachnids, myriapods, amphibians, and mollusks, along with available information on their nutritional value and food safety. Besides their medicinal properties, arachnids and myriapods are also nutritionally valuable and may contribute to addressing malnutrition. However, a major drawback is that many species produce potent toxins and venoms, highlighting the importance of identifying edible species and ensuring their proper preparation. In addi- tion, limited data is available regarding the chemical risks associated with wild-caught animals, posing a potential threat to consumer safety. Amphibians and molluscs, such as frogs and snails, are very popular culinary delicacies. With few exceptions, frogs and snails are non-toxic, nutri-
tious, easy to collect, and easy to farm, which makes them perfect addition for the food industry. They require minimal food and water, making them cost-effective to farm and a viable nutrition source for low-income populations. Snails are highly nutritious, particularly rich in minerals. However, similar to arachnids and myriapods, proper preparation, such as boiling, is essential before consumption, as some snails and frogs may harbor pathogenic microorganisms. Although arachnids, myriapods, amphibians, and mollusks are nutritious, providing essential proteins, amino acids, and minerals, they are not widely accepted by some consumers, primarily due to concerns about illness or poisoning. To increase ac- ceptability and integrate them into everyday diets, more research is needed to determine the most important safety risks, develop effective prevention strategies, and optimize preparation methods. Ensuring consumer safety through such re- search would increase confidence and encourage the consumption of these unconventional food sources.Kao i insekti, arahnide i stonoge se tradicionalno konzu- miraju u mnogim regionima sveta. U ovom preglednom radu dat je spisak jestivih arahnida i stonoga, kao i sve dostupne informacije o njihovoj nutritivnoj vrednosti i potencijalnim rizicima po bezbednost hrane. Arahnide i stonoge imaju lekovita svojstva, zbog kojih im se pridaje
sve veća pažnja. Njihov dobar nutritivni sastav može biti od velike pomoći u prevazilaženju pothranjenosti. Glavni nedostatak je što mnoge vrste poseduju jake toksine i otrove, pa je izuzetno važno znati koje vrste su jestive i kako ih pravilno pripremiti. Takođe, podaci o hemijskim opasnostima su veoma oskudni kada su u pitanju ulovljene životinje iz divljine, što potencijalno može predstavljati pretnju po bezbednost potrošača. Vodozemci i mekušci, kao što su žabe i puževi, su veoma popularne kulinarske poslastice. Uz nekoliko izuzetaka, žabe i puževi su netoksični, hranljivi, lako se sakupljaju i uzgajaju, što ih čini savršenim dodatkom za prehrambenu industriju. Oni ne zahtevaju mnogo hrane i vode, ekonomski su isplativi za uzgoj, što ih čini odličnim za populaciju sa niskim prihodima. Puževi su nutritivno bogata hrana, posebno mineralima. Kao i za arahnide i stonoge, važna je pravilna priprema pre konzumiranja (kuvanje), s obzirom da neke žabe i puževi mogu sadržati patogene mikroorganizme. Iako arahnide, stonoge, vodozemci i mekušci imaju visoku hranljivu vrednost (bogati proteinima, aminokiselinama i mineralima), pojedini potrošači pokazuju odbojnost, uglavnom zbog straha od bolesti ili trovanja. Kako bi se ovakva nekonvencionalna hrana približila potrošačima i postala deo svakodnevne ishrane, potrebno je više istraživanja kako bi se utvrdili bezbednosni rizici, preventivne mere i način pripreme za konzumaciju. Obezbeđivanjem bezbednosti nekonvencionalne hrane, poput arahnida, stonoga, vodozemaca i puževa, povećalo bi se poverenje kod potrošača čime bi se podstakla njihova konzumacija
Histological insight into systemic host response to k-carrageenan-based films enhanced with honey and calendula officinalis extract
No full textBiomaterijali bazirani na prirodnim polimerima su u regenerativnoj medicini sve zastupljeniji, pre svega zbog odlične biokompatibilnosti i biorazgradivosti, čime je i mogućnost mehaničkog oštećenja tkiva domaćina smanjena.
Ipak, njihova brza razgradnja i sistemska apsorpcija mogu dovesti do neželjenih sistemskih reakcija. Filmovi na bazi κ-karagenana, sa dodatakom meda i ekstrakta cveta nevena u koncentracijama od 5% (C3) i 10% (C7), su dobijeni metodom izlivanja rastvora. Cilj ovog istraživanja je bio da se kod pacova Wistar soja, histološkom analizom aksilarnih i brahijalnih limfnih čvorova, proceni sistemski odgovor organizma na novodobijene filmove.
U blizini mesta implantacije filmova C3, C7 ili lažne operacije (kontrolna grupa – Ctr) su uzeti uzorci iz 36 limfnih čvorova, a zatim su napravljeni preparati obojeni hematoksilin-eozinom i toluidinskim plavim. Za histološku analizu limfnih čvorova, koja je podrazumevala procenu strukture tkiva, procentualnu zastupljenost aktiviranih limfnih folikula i gustinu mastocita, je korišćen mikroskop Olympus CX31.
Kod svih ispitivanih uzoraka je zapažena očuvana struktura i odsustvo granulocita. Procenat aktiviranih limfnih folikula je bio viši u grupama C3 i C7 (37,53 ± 13,49 i 43,13 ± 23,17) u odnosu na Ctr (18,90 ± 25,45). Broj mastocita na mm² površine tkiva je, takođe, bio viši u C3 i C7 (51,67 ± 6,66 i 46,50 ± 29,09) u poređenju sa Ctr grupom (39,25 ± 23,24). Međutim, statistički značajne razlike nisu utvrđene ni u broju mastocita, niti u procentualnoj zastupljenosti aktiviranih limfnih folikula.
Rezultati ukazuju da ispitivani filmovi na bazi
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-karagenana ne izazivaju neželjeni sistemski odgovor organizma i da su bezbedni za upotrebu u daljim kliničkim ispitivanjima.Natural polymer-based biomaterials are increasingly recognized in regenerative medicine due to their excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability, which minimizes the mechanical disruption to host tissues. However, their rapid degradation and systemic absorption could potentially cause harmful systemic reactions. Using solution casting method κ-carrageenan-based films with addition of honey and Calendula officinalis extract in concentrations of 5% and 10% (C3 and C7, respectively) were fabricated. The aim of this study was to assess the systemic host response to the novel films in Wistar rats by analyzing the histological structure of axillary and brachial lymphatic nodes.
Tissue sections of 36 lymphatic nodes close to the regions of C3 and C7 implantation, or sham operations (Ctr) were stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin and Toluidine blue. The histoarchitecture, percentage of activated lymphatic follicles and density of mast cells were analyzed using Olympus CX31 microscope.
All lymph nodes showed preserved histoarchitecture and absence of granulocytes. The percentage of activated lymphatic follicles was higher in the C3 and C7 groups (37.53 ± 13.49 and 43.13 ± 23.17 respectively) compared to the Ctr (18.90 ± 25.45). The number of mast cells per mm² was also higher in C3 and C7 groups (51.67 ±6.66 and 46.50 ± 29.09 respectively) compared to the Ctr (39.25 ±23.24). However, statistical analysis revealed no significant differences in either mast cell counts or the proportion of activated lymphatic follicles.
Our findings suggest that there is no adverse systemic host response to the tested κ-carrageenan-based films and that these biomaterials are safe for further clinical testing.Zbornik radov
Parazitološka dijagnostika u kliničkoj praksi malih životinja – značaj i praktična primena
No full textZbornik radov
Testicular granular cell tumor and metachronous biliary adenoma in a domestic rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus)
No full textA nine-year-old intact male domestic rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) was presented with an
enlarged left testis. Following surgical castration, histopathologic examination of the
affected testis revealed a granular cell tumor. The tumor cells tested positive for PAS
and Melan A. Testicular hypoplasia was diagnosed in the contralateral testis. The animal
recovered uneventfully. More than a year later, the animal died from unrelated cause.
Necropsy revealed a hepatic neoplasm, along with pulmonary and renal changes. There
was no evidence of metastasis from the testicular granular cell tumor. Microscopic
examination identified a biliary adenoma with multifocal biliary hyperplasia in the
liver, moderate interstitial pneumonia, hyperplastic changes in the pulmonary arterial
blood vessels, and end stage kidney disease. This case report supports existing literature
indicating that testicular granular cell tumors in rabbits are benign and that surgical
castration is curative. It remains unclear whether hypoplasia of the contralateral testis
influenced neoplastic proliferation. The biliary adenoma was an incidental necropsy
finding and could have progressed from biliary hyperplasia
Replacing inorganic trace minerals with lower concentrations of methionine hydroxy analoguechelated minerals enhances growth performance in nursery and growing-finishing pigs
No full textTrace minerals such as zinc (Zn), copper (Cu) and manganese (Mn) are essential for
growth, oxidative stress control, and immune function. Chelation enhances their bioavailability
and efficacy. Two studies investigated the effects of methionine hydroxy analogue chelates
(MHAC) of Zn, Cu, and Mn on growth, gut health, and survival rate in pigs. In the first study, 48
nursery piglets (castrated males and females) were divided into two groups: a control (CTR) with
130–80 ppm Cu (1st and 2nd phases), 120 ppm Mn and 100 ppm Zn in both phases (as sulfates);
and a MHAC group with the same Cu levels but reduced Zn and Mn (60 ppm each). After the
trial, 24 piglets were sacrificed for intestinal analysis. MHAC improved ADG by 8% and FCR by
6% (P<0.05). MHAC also increased the lactobacilli/E. coli ratios in the jejunum and cecum
(P<0.05) and increased villus/crypt ratios throughout the small intestine (P<0.01). The second
study involved over 52,000 growing-fattening pigs across two companies. In Company A, a
before-after design was used; in Company B, treatments were compared contemporaneously. The
MHAC group received 40 ppm Zn, 10 ppm Cu, and 20 ppm Mn, compared to a CTR group with
100 ppm Zn (ZnO), 20 ppm Cu (CuSO₄), and 25 ppm Mn (MnO). MHAC reduced mortality by
17.6% overall (P<0.001) and improved ADG by 3.2% (P<0.001), with a 7-point FCR
improvement (P<0.05). These results confirm the efficacy of MHAC supplementation in
enhancing pig performance during both nursery and grow-finish phases.Zbornik radov
New insights on the distribution of Setaria tundra: A case report from Bosnia and Herzegovina and genetic variation of the COX1 gene
No full textFilaroid nematode Setaria tundra is a parasite well adapted to cervids, especially to
roe deer (Capreolus capreolus). Adult forms are located in the abdominal cavity, and
infections are usually asymptomatic. During 2024, a total od 31 carcasses of roe deer
were examined in the Republic of Srpska (Bosnia and Herzegovina). During gross
pathologic examination nematodes were found in two cases and were identified as S.
tundra by morphological and molecular analysis. In the Balkan region, this nematode has
previously been described in Croatia and Serbia. This study represents the first report
of S. tundra in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Genetic diversity parameters and neutrality tests
of 50 cox1 sequences belonging to S. tundra from Europe indicate a genetic signature
consistent with recent population expansion
Detection of causative agents of mastitis in bulk tank milk using vetmax mastitype multi kit
No full textIntroduction: Mastitis remains one of the most important diseases affecting dairy cows, causing
economic losses due to reduced milk quality, increased treatment costs, and the premature
culling. Rapid, accurate identification of mastitis-causing agents is crucial for implementing
effective disease control measures. Although conventional diagnostic methods are widely used,
they have certain limitations. Due to high accuracy and speed, PCR-based methods are
increasingly employed to diagnose mastitis.
The aim of this study is to use real-time PCR (qPCR) to assess the presence of the most common
mastitis-causing agents in bulk tank milk from dairy farms in Serbia.Knjiga apstrakat
Two serious conditions, one sudden loss: mesenteric volvulus and dirofilaria immitis in a dog
No full textSudden death has been thoroughly well defined and investigated in human medicine and its definition is not as rigorously established in veterinary medicine. In this case a 7-year-old German Shepherd was brought to the Small Animals Clinic of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine at the University of Belgrade in very poor state. Despite treatment, the dog died 15 min after being admitted to the clinic. Since poisoning was suspected, the owners requested an autopsy. The dog was taken to the Department of Forensic Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade for necropsy. Pathomorphological examinations revealed rupture of the mesentery with mesenteric volvulus. In addition, a large number of adult forms of Dirofilaria immitis were found in the right atrium, ventricle and in truncus pulmonalis. Further examinations of the respiratory system revealed clusters with partially degraded adult parasites in the lobes. The dog died due to mesenteric volvulus which was a rare finding, with an even rarer finding that was lung nodules with adult D. immitis parasites