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1133 research outputs found
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Removal of emerging organic contaminants in a poplar vegetation filter
No full textVegetation filters (VFs), a type of land application system, are a robust technology based on natural treatment
mechanisms for the removal of wastewater contaminants. Their capacity to attenuate emerging
organic contaminants (EOCs) has not yet been evaluated. The present study reports the results of a 2-year
EOC monitoring carried out using a poplar VF receiving wastewater primarily treated by an Imhoff tank.
The compounds selected included analgesics, a �-adrenergic blocker, stimulants, an anticonvulsant, an
anti-depressant, an anti-inflammatory, an antibiotic and analgesic and stimulant metabolites. EOCs were
analysed in the Imhoff tank effluent, in the infiltrated water at a depth of 90 cm and in the groundwater
at a depth of 10 m. The results demonstrated that EOC attenuation was more significant in the first 90 cm
than in the rest of the soil profile. The removal efficiency for all of the selected EOCs was higher than
90% with the exception of ketoprofen, which may pose a higher threat of groundwater contamination.
The observed attenuation correlated with the hydrophobicity and charge state of the EOCs. The higher
persistence of the metabolites 4-AAA and 4-FAA shows that progression in the degradation pathway does
not always imply a mitigation of contamination
An assessment of health management practices and occupational health hazards in tiger shrimp ( Penaeus monodon ) and freshwater prawn ( Macrobrachium rosenbergii ) aquaculture in Bangladesh
No full textDiseases have been recognized as the major obstacle to the shrimp (Penaeus monodon) and prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) aquaculture production in Bangladesh. This study provides an assessment of shrimp and prawn diseases/syndromes, health management practices, and occupational health hazards associated with the handling of chemical and biological products to prevent and treat shrimp and prawn diseases. A survey was conducted using a semi-structured questionnaire with 380 shrimp and prawn farmers in the southwest of Bangladesh during February and June of 2016. The farms were categorized on the basis of the three cropping patterns: shrimp polyculture, prawn polyculture, and shrimp and prawn polyculture. Eight different diseases and/or symptoms were reported by the surveyed farmers. The white spot disease and the broken antenna and rostrum symptom were the most common in shrimp and prawn species, respectively. In total, 35 chemical and biological products (4 antibiotics, 15 disinfectants, 13 pesticides, 2 feed additives and probiotics) were used to treat and/or prevent diseases in the all farm categories. The major constraints for disease management were limited access to disease diagnostic service, inadequate product application information and lack of knowledge on better management practices. Handling chemicals and preparation of medicated feed with bare hands was identified as a potential occupational health hazard. This study suggests improvements in farmers’ knowledge and skill in disease diagnostics and health management practices, and appropriate handling of potentially hazardous chemicals
Measuring the potential for sustainable intensification of aquaculture in Bangladesh using life cycle assessment
No full textAquaculture has only recently begun to make significant contributions to the global food system but is undergoing rapid growth and intensification. Identifying the most sustainable intensification options for aquaculture provides an opportunity to avoid some of the environmental pitfalls of agriculture and livestock production. Life cycle assessment is operationalized here as a tool to evaluate a range of environmental impacts resulting from the intensification of aquaculture production in Bangladesh and a subset of trade-offs among them. Intensifying aquaculture production results in multidirectional outcomes across different environmental impact categories. These findings are used to identify simple improvements in farm management practices that can make the intensification of aquaculture more sustainable
De la cartografía antigua a los mapas Online colaborativos. Caso de estudio del Patrimonio Hidráulico de la Comunidad de Madrid
No full textEl proyecto de Patrimonio Hidráulico de la Comunidad de Madrid ha encontrado el modo de unir la información histórica (obtenida de mapas antiguos) con las nuevas tecnologías actuales. Para ello se ha realizado un inventario exhaustivo de las fuentes cartográficas antiguas en las que se representan elementos del patrimonio hidráulico. El conjunto de bienes patrimoniales inventariado ha sido muy numeroso y variado, con más de 5.000 bienes patrimoniales de entidades de tipo puntual.
Una vez identificados y digitalizados los bienes patrimoniales, se llevó a cabo una confirmación del inventario por medio de trabajo de campo y gabinete sobre un muestreo representativo del conjunto de elementos de la región. Finalmente, se elaboró un WebMapping por medio del software Brackets para que este patrimonio estuviera disponible en la red.
La plataforma tiene como objetivo servir de herramienta a la administración pública para la gestión de los bienes hidráulicos históricos. En el futuro, este WebMapping permitirá que cualquier ciudadano aporte nueva información sobre este tipo de patrimonio, considerándose a partir de ese momento como un WebMapping colaborativo
Species introduction and taxonomic homogenization of Spanish freshwater fish fauna in relation to basin size, species richness and dam construction
No full textMethod of desalination and wastewater treatment in a microbial desalination cell (MDC) reactor
No full textMethod of desalination and wastewater treatment in a microbial desalination cell reactor, the microbial desalination cell reactor comprises three compartments, an anodic compartment, a cathodic compartment and a saline compartment, the method comprising: (a) adding electrically conductive particles or electrically conductive material in the anodic compartment and cathodic compartment, (b) adding bacteria species of the genus Geobacter in the anodic compartment, adding an aqueous solution of a sulphate salt as catholyte, adding saline solution to the saline compartment (c) applying an external power supply to desalinate the saline solution (d) when constant electric current is achieved, replacing the solution in the cathodic compartment by a hypochlorite solution and replacing the external power supply by an external circuit or connecting anode and cathode to produce short circuit conditions and (d) oxidizing organic matter present in wastewater by bacteria from the genus Geobacter in the anodic compartment and desalinating the solution in the saline compartment and (e) after 20 to 30 operation cycles, replacing the saline solution by a second solution of hypochlorite salt to provide cleaning in place
