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IMDEA Agua: Ciencia y tecnología para abordar problemas cada vez más complejos - IMDEA Water: Science and technology to tackle problems of increasing complexity
No full textBiosensores electroquímicos microbianos para la monitorización en tiempo real de plantas de tratamiento de aguas residuales
No full textEl desarrollo durante el comienzo del siglo XXI de
las denominadas tecnologías electroquímicas microbianas,
TEM, ha supuesto una revolución en la
aplicación de procesos biotecnológicos basados en
la utilización de microorganismos electroactivos
[1–5]. Estas tecnologías se basan en la capacidad de
ciertos microorganismos para realizar un proceso de
respiración extracelular. Este proceso consiste en la
utilización de sustancias insolubles, como por ejemplo
materiales conductores de la electricidad, como
aceptores y/o donadores de electrones en el metabolismo
celular de los microorganismos [6–12]
Analytical method to monitor contaminants of emerging concern in water and soil samples from a non-conventional wastewater treatment system
No full textNonconventional wastewater treatments, such as vegetation filters (VFs), are propitious systems to atten- uate contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) in small municipalities. The development of standardised multiresidue and multimatrix methods suitable for measuring a reliable number of CEC in environmental samples is crucial for monitoring infiltrating concentrations and for ensuring these systems’ treatment capacity. The objective of this study is to develop and validate an analytical method for the simultaneous determination of CECs, including transformation products (TPs), with diverse physico-chemical proper- ties, in environmental samples. The optimised method is based on sample clean-up and preconcentration by solid-phase extraction (SPE), followed by liquid chromatography electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The method is able to detect and quantify 40 target CECs, including pharma- ceuticals of different classes (analgesics, antibiotics, antihypertensives, lipid regulators, anticonvulsants, antidepressants, antiarrhythmics, beta-blockers, amongst others), hormones and lifestyle products with good reproducibility (variations below 23%), in different water matrices, and 28 CECs, in soil samples. Ac- ceptable recoveries (65–120%) were obtained for most of the CECs in all the matrices. However in the soil samples, as complexity required a prior extraction treatment, the recovery of some analytes was affected, which reduced the number of target CECs. The achieved methodological quantification limits (0.05–5 ng/L and 0.04–1.1 ng/g levels for the water and the soil matrices, respectively) were reasonably low for most CECs. The proposed method was successfully applied to monitor CECs in a VF. The CECs detected at higher concentrations are some of the world’s most widely used products (e.g. acetaminophen or caffeine and its main TP, paraxanthine). The results showed an almost 70% reduction in CEC concentrations during in- filtration. The groundwater data indicated that the VF treatment operation did not affect the underlying aquifer (Cmax found in GW < 1 μg/L)
Validation of Recycled Nanofiltration and Anion-Exchange Membranes for the Treatment of Urban Wastewater for Crop Irrigation
No full textOne of the alternative sources to tackle the problem of water shortage is the use of reclaimed water from wastewater treatment plants for irrigation purposes. However, when the wastewater has a high conductivity value, it becomes unusable for crop irrigation and needs a more specific treatment. In this work, recycled nanofiltration (rNF) membranes and anion-exchange membranes (rAEMs)obtained from end-of-life RO membranes were validated to evaluate their application capability in saline wastewater treatment. The use of recycled membranes may represent an advantage due to their lower cost and reduced environmental impact associated with their production, which integrates membrane-based technology into a circular economy model. Both recycled membranes were tested in crossflow filtration and electrodialysis (ED) systems. The results of the rNF membrane showed a high selective rejection of divalent ions (SO42−(>96%) and Ca2+and Mg2+(>93%)). In the case of theED process, the comparison between rAEMs and commercial membranes showed an appropriate demineralization rate without compromising the power consumption. Finally, the quality of both system effluents was suitable for irrigation, which was compared to the WHO guideline and validated by the 7-week lettuce crop study
Realizing Favorable Synergism Toward Efficient Hydrogen Evolution Reaction with Heterojunction Engineered Cu 7 S 4 /CuS 2 /NiS 2 and Functionalized Carbon Sheet Heterostructures
No full textSCHEER (Scientific Committee on Health, Environmental and Emerging Risks), Preliminary Opinion on "Draft Environmental Quality Standards for Priority Substances under the Water Framework Directive", 17-alpha-ethinylestradiol (EE2), Beta-Estradiol (E2) and Estrone (E1), 1st March 2022.
No full textSCHEER (Scientific Committee on Health, Environmental and Emerging Risks), Final Opinion on Draft Environmental Quality Standards for Priority Substances under the Water Framework Directive - diclofenac, 2 August 2022
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