Research Papers in Economics
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La mappa di percezione del pesce azzurro. Un’analisi esplorativa degli attributi di prodotto
No full textKnow how consumer chooses and perceives different seafood in the market is a fundamental information to develop appropriate marketing strategies and, in case, to draw plans in favour of fisheries operators. This work is aimed at revealing consumer perception of some attributes related to a particular fish group called "blue-fish". Survey’s target has been chosen observing some critical commercial issues related to this products, which is affordable and has a good nutritional and dietetic value, but it does not gain the expected market success. Contemporaneously, the blue-fish is the first group of seafood caught in Mediterranean Sea, representing one of the most important economic resource for Italian fishery sector and an element of territorial distinction. Especially, the research evaluates how consumers perceives the different blue-fish products and their competitors in the fish market, investigating both positive and negative nutritional, commercial and sensorial attributes. Through the correspondence analysis, it has been possible to create a perceptual map synthesizing the complexity of qualitative factors that explain the purchase/not purchase event of the different type of blue-fish products and to compare them with their main competitors. The choice of this analysis is due to the lack of information in the literature about conditions and motivations of blue-fish consumers/nonconsumers, so, the research has mostly explorative purposes and it may offer useful information for further studies.
Stima edonimetrica e valorizzazione della qualità dei vini laziali
No full textThe aim of this paper is to apply the hedonic price method to make an estimation of the influences between some characteristics of wine and its final price. The sample take into account includes the wines that Lazio (a region located in the center of Italy) has presented at Vinitaly in 2007. This sample can be considered representatives of the most important regional firms active in the market wine. As knows, the theoretical framework of the hedonic price method consider that in a differentiated market the consumer utility is generate not only from the consume but also from other benefits connected to the specific quality attributes. The final price is the sum of the implicit prices paid for every these attributes. In case of wine, they can be extrinsic (vintage, colour, grapes, region of origin, presence of pdo or pgi mark, brand name, etc.) or intrinsic (sensorial characteristics, special taste, etc.). In the first case, the evaluation is made using the information available in the wine labels while in the second case it is impossible to made an evaluation before the purchase and consumption. In many cases wine consumers do not have sufficient practice to evaluate this kind of quality and, as a consequence, an important source of information is represented by the wine guides that contain judgment of experts and quality ratings. Starting from a sample of 294 wine labels, the hedonic price function has been estimated using E-Views software (ols method) and making a regression between prices and extrinsic and intrinsic characteristics of wines. The functional form used is the log-linear form. The results put on evidence that red wines have a premium price (+16%) with respect to the white wines and that there is not any influence from the mark policies. Small firms have a premium price (+18%) with respect to big firms. The judgment of experts has a positive correlation to the price: the value of premium price increases when the quality rating increases. No correlation has been found between the presence of pdo/pgi marks and this suggests that in this case the presence of denomination of origin is not associated with quality and do not obtain a premium price. Considering the region of origin, the estimation highlights a premium price for wines produced in Ciociaria, that is a small area in the south of the region that produces a relative small quantity of wines.
Capitale sociale e redditività della filiera della pesca in Puglia
No full textThe sector of fishery is typified by a settled downward trend due to both communitarian policies driving towards a reduction of the fishery effort and to reduction of fishing resources. In the same time in Italy a increasing of costs (expecially fuel) and a reduction of market prices, because of the increasing of imports, are observed. Although a big part of Italian fishing fleet is to be referred to Apulia region, this dynamics are worsen, here, also because of market inefficiency and lack of integration and cooperation among fishermen. In this work two areas that are relevant for regional fishery have been investigated. On a first step have been evaluated fish amount for each kind of dealer working in each one of the two areas than, according to Porter’s value chain analysis theory. Than the approach of value system has been applied to evaluate the value chains of the firm’s supplier, the firm of fishery itself, and the firms distribution channels. Distribution of value has been resulted different but very unfavorable to fisherman in both investigated areas. The second step of study evaluated social capital value in both areas, defining the networks of fishery consistence and number of their mutual relationship. Results lay stress on a relation to an higher social capital value and a distribution of value system more profitable for fishermen.
"Financial Development and Economic Growth in Transition Economies: Empirical Evidence from the CEE and CIS Countries"
Full text linkWe examine the role of financial development in economic growth in the former Communist countries of Central and Eastern Europe and the Commonwealth of Independent States during the first two decades since the beginning of transition. These countries, which had undeveloped financial systems under Communism, provide an interesting test of the relationship between financial development and growth. We show that credit to the private sector had a positive effect on growth in these countries; however, high levels of inflation can render the positive effect of private credit insignificant. High interest rate spreads and reduced banking competition hampered economic growth.transition economies, CEE, CIS, financial sector development, economic growth, panel data
Beschäftigungspolitisch erfolgreiche Länder : Konsequenzen für Deutschland (Experiences of countries with successful employment policy : consequences for Germany)
Full text link"In the USA, the UK, the Netherlands and Denmark the employment situation has improved decisively, especially in recent years. In addition there are indications of this positive development being sustained in these four countries. Even if the methods adopted by the 'successful countries' in order to achieve more employment and less unemployment can not simply be copied, they do provide important orientation aids for the selection and combination of strategies for tackling Germany's labour market problems. The aim of this report is above all to look at the proposals available for the German situation that are aimed at improving the labour market situation, to see them in the light of the 'success stories' and if necessary to amplify them. The starting point for the considerations is the IAB's set of strategies from 1996, which are based on simulation calculations. The central idea of the IAB proposals is that in view of the dimension of the employment problem, single instruments would be insufficient. The set of strategies thus consists of three components: - a reduction in the average annual working time, in particular by expanding part-time employment and reducing paid overtime work, - a moderate collective bargaining policy in wages, whose increase first remains behind the increase in productivity and also does not exceed it later on and - fiscal policy impulses by means of reductions in direct taxes and social security contributions in the context of a fixed schedule aimed at the medium-term consolidation of the budget as well as restructuring efforts in the public budget which have an effect on employment and are neutral in terms of revenue and expenditure. The experiences made by countries with successful employment policy confirm that the measures suggested for western Germany, which are broadly transferable to eastern Germany, stand up to a 'field test'. In addition to this the international experiences provide starting-points for adding to the IAB set of strategies - above all in such areas of policy that elude a quantitative simulation." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))Arbeitslosigkeitsbekämpfung, Beschäftigungspolitik, Arbeitsmarktentwicklung, Arbeitszeitpolitik, Lohnpolitik, Finanzpolitik, Arbeitsmarktpolitik, Bundesrepublik Deutschland, Industrieländer
The impact of labour market reforms and economic performance on the matching of short-term and long-term unemployed
Full text link"As a reaction on high and persistent unemployment in Germany, the largest labour market reforms in post-war history were implemented between 2003 and 2005. We analyse the impact of the reform and its coincidence with an economic expansion on the efficiency of matching out of unemployment. Especially focussing on searcher heterogeneity, we estimate a system of simultaneous stock-flow matching functions for short-term and long-term unemployment (3SLS) on the basis of administrative data. In sum, matching efficiency accelerated for the short-term and particularly the long-term unemployed although we cannot rule out a slight negative effect of the reformation of the unemployment benefit system for the short-term unemployed. A tighten relationship between the business cycle and the matching efficiency during the latest economic expansion could not be proven." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))Hartz-Reform - Auswirkungen, Arbeitslose, berufliche Reintegration, Langzeitarbeitslose, matching - Effizienz, Arbeitsmarktchancen
Looking for a break in Spanish Inflation Data in the early eighties and assessing persistence
Full text linkUsing the Bai-Perron test, we look for a shift in the conditional mean of an AR representation of Spanish CPI inflation over the period: 1978-2006. It is clear that Spain, as most OECD economies, experienced an inflation slowdown in the early eithgties, which can be related to some policy measures undertook by the government coming out of the 1982 elections. It is shown, that when the break is accounted for, there are no signs of persistence in Spanish CPI inflation.inflation persistence; structural breaks; monetary policy
Assessing French Inflation Persistence with Impulse Saturation Break Tests and Automatic General-to-Specific Modelling
Full text linkThis paper has three different motivations. Firstly, we wish to contribute to the debate on whether French inflation has been persistent since the mid-eighties. Empirical evidence in this domain has been mixed. We use the standard method of testing for breaks in the mean of the inflation series to conclude whether possible unit root findings are the result of neglected breaks. Then, we build standard autoregressive representations of inflation, using an automatic general-to-specific approach. We conclude against inflation persistence in the sample period, and the point estimates of persistence we obtain are several percentage points below those achieved with other break tests and model selection methods. Moreover, our final model is congruent. Secondly, we provide the first empirical application of the new impulse saturation break test. The resulting estimates of the break dates are in line with other literature findings and have a sound economic meaning, confirming the good performance the test had revealed in theoretical and simulation studies. Finally, we also illustrate the shortcomings of the Bai-Perron test when applied to a small sample with high serial correlation. Indeed, we show the Bai- Perron break dates’ estimates would not allow us to build a congruent autoregressive representation of inflation.Inflation Persistence, Break Tests, Model Selection, General-to-Specific
TRENDS IN DELIVERING EDUCATIONAL SERVICES WITHIN THE KNOWLEDGE-BASED SOCIETY
Full text linkEducation and implicitly educational services become extremely important in the context of the knowledge-based society. Therefore, this study investigates the trends in delivering services identified through research of literature, as well as based on personal experience in providing educational services. It has been concluded that information and communication technology creates a vast opportunity to improve the way of delivering educational services within the knowledge-based society, to develop (educate) people's awareness of the need for knowledge, as well as their skills for the knowledge-based society.management, educational services, information and communication technology, knowledge-based society
AGRICULTURAL INSURANCES - MEANS OF DEVELOPPING THE ROMANIAN AGRICULTURE AMONG THE E.U. COUNTRIES
Full text linkThe experience of the developed countries has shown that it is completely delusional to try and create a modern agriculture without the powerful development of agricultural insurances. Agriculture has always been one of the most important economic branches in Romania, as it has the highest value of all European countries by GDP (8-12%). This field represents an important direction in the economic development, especially due to the high potential of the agricultural development in the E.U. countries. The present paper tries to illustrate the potential of agricultural insurances, their necessity, the general presentation of the domestic agricultural insurance market and that of the European Union's as well as the search for viable solutions of development in agriculture by the aid of insurances.agricultural insurances, agriculture, the European Union