archīum.ATENEO (Ateneo de Manila Univ.)

Leetai, Antonio

Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints 
Volume 1 Number 1 Article 10 
3-31-1953 
Ang Bagong Tipan ng Ating Mananakop at Panginoong Jesu-
Cristo 
Antonio Leetai 
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 Part of the Anthropology Commons, Education Commons, History Commons, Political Science 
Commons, and the Sociology Commons 
Recommended Citation 
Leetai, Antonio (1953) "Ang Bagong Tipan ng Ating Mananakop at Panginoong Jesu-Cristo," Philippine 
Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints: Vol. 1: No. 1, Article 10. 
DOI: https://doi.org/10.13185/2244-1638.3551 
Available at: https://archium.ateneo.edu/phstudies/vol1/iss1/10 
This Book Review is brought to you for free and open access by the Ateneo Journals at Archīum Ateneo. It has 
been accepted for inclusion in Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints by an authorized editor 
of Archīum Ateneo. 
philippine studies
Ateneo de Manila University • Loyola Heights, Quezon City • 1108 Philippines
Ang Bagong Tipan ng Ating Mananakop 
at Panginoong  Jesu-Cristo 
Translated by Juan T. Trinidad, S.J.
Review Author: Antonio Leetai
Philippine Studies vol. 1, no. 1 (1953): 88–90
Copyright © Ateneo de Manila University
Philippine Studies is published by the Ateneo de Manila 
University. Contents may not be copied or sent via email 
or other  means to multiple sites and posted to a listserv 
without the copyright holder’s written permission. Users 
may download and print articles for individual, noncom-
mercial use only. However, unless prior permission has 
been obtained, you may not download an entire issue of a 
journal, or download multiple copies of articles.
Please contact the publisher for any further use of this 
work at philstudies@admu.edu.ph.
http://www.philippinestudies.net
88 PHILIPPINE STUDIES 
ANQ BAGONG TIPAN NG ATING MANANAKOP AT PANGINOONG JESU- 
CRISTO. Isinalin sa Wikang Pambansa mula sa Vulgata Latina. 
Ni Juan T .  Trinidad, S.J., Manila, 1952, pp. xvi-4-835, Glo- 
sary, 4 appendices, 4 maps. P6.00 
About a year ago, a work of more than ordinary significance- 
tor the Tagalog speaking world, at least-was brought to a happy 
termination. This was the publication of Ang Bagong Tipan, a new 
Tagalog translation of the New Testament, done by the late Rev. 
Juan T. Trinidad, S. J., Pnofessor of Sacred Scripture at San Jose Semi- 
nary. It  is to be regretted that Fr. Trinidad was no longer in this 
world to witness the happy issue of his labors; he had been taken 
away by an early death from typhoid in 1948 before he could pre- 
pare his work for publication. We owe a debt of gratitude to the 
devoted group of three priests and one lay-man, Rev. Juan M. H. 
Ledesma, S.J., Rev. Leopoldo A. Arcaira, Rev. Gabriel Hocson and 
Dr. Rufino Alejandro, who lovingly and painstakingly went over Fr. 
Trinidad's manuscripts and finally got them into shape for the press. 
One need have no hesitation in accepting with confidence this 
new tramslation of Fr. Trinidad, who happily combined in his lite- 
rary equipment the requirements of an ideal translator: knowledge 
of the Scriptures, skill in the languages involved, and love for the 
inspired Word of God. Fr. Trinidad received his Doctorate in 
Scripture Studies from the well known Biblical Institute in Rome 
where he came into close contact with the works and minds of the 
most eminent contemporary Scripture scholars. A doctorate such 
as his presuppmes a proficiency in Hebrew and allied Semitic tongues 
as well as in Greek, and therefore thorough familiarity with the 
languages in which the lbooks of the New Testament were originallly 
written. All this knowledge, however, would have been of little 
value to him as a translator if he had lacked an intimate under- 
standing of his own native tongue. Fortunately, his many years of 
studies for the priesthood, done in various foreign languages, had 
not extinguished his skill in and love of the beautiful Bulacan 
Tagalog which he had learned as a boy in Baliwag. 
In addition to all this, the task of translating the New Testament 
was undertaken as a labor of love, sandwiched in between his sched- 
ules as a full-time professor of Sacred Scripture at San Jose Seminary 
in Manila, where he was teaching at the time of his death. One 
must perforce admire the dogged persistence and courage that must 
have gone into the slow and careful research and piecemeal trans- 
lation, in the face of so many difficulties, not the least of which 
were the shortcomings of the Tagalog language itself. The accuracy 
and smoothness of Fr. Trinidad's translation are a tribute both to 
his scholarship and to his reverence for the revealed word of God. 
We are almost tempted to compare his contribution in the field of 
sacred letters with a similar work done in English by Monsignor 
BOOK REVIEWS 
Knox some years previously. Both men have made the language 
of the New Testament more inte!!igible to the modern reader. 
I t  is not easy to know where to start in giving an appraisal of 
Fr. Trinidad's translation. Its outstanding general excellence, it 
would seem, is its clarity of style, making for easy and pleasurable 
reading by the average man, whether this reading be done from the 
relatively simple narratives of the Gospels, or in the letters of St. 
Paul, or in the more mysterious passages of the Apocalypse of 
St. John. One can see throughout that Fr. Trinidad was not striving 
after an elegant translation merely for the sake of elegance. He 
was more concerned with bringing out the meaning of every passage 
and with trying to give in correct, idiomatic Tagalog what the 
Scriptures have to say. And in this he has succeeded admirably. 
His translation is not Hebrew or Greek disguised in a barong 
tagalog, but Tagalog to the core, modern yet literary, simple yet 
not devoid of linguistic charms, familiar, yet bordering at times on 
the poetic. 
The reader will be delighted to discover that his favorite pas- 
sages of the New Testament, even when couched in the vernacular, 
lose nothing of their vigorous simplicity, their grandeur, and their 
timeless power to touch the human heart. The prologue of St. 
John's Gospel, the history of Christ's Infancy in St. Luke, the parables 
of Our Lord, the stories of the Samaritan Woman and of the raising 
of Lazarus, the solemn discourse at the Last Supper, where, more 
than anywhere else, Our Lord bared the love of His Sacred Heart, 
the tragic cross-currents of the Passion, the classic passages of St. 
Paul on Charity, on the glorification of Christ, on His Eternal Priest- 
hood, the pageants of the Vision of St. John-they are all there, 
untrimmed, unobscured, in language that rings true and sincere, 
without the taint of affectation or artificiality. The reader is not 
distracted by strikingly clever expressions or by overloaded and 
difficult circumlocutions. The translation is as modern as this morn- 
ing's newspaper, but for all that, it carries a reverent touch of anti- 
quity that one likes to savor in a translation of the New Testament. 
Needless to say, no translation, however perfect, can succeed in 
pleasing all tastes. Many readers will undoubtedly encounter pas- 
sages which they would wish had bem translated in a quite different 
way. Better ways of translating the passages in question may even 
occur to them. This is but natural. Fr. Trinidad, were he alive 
today would be the first to recognize the possibility of this, and 
would welcome criticisms of his work. Conscious of his own defi- 
ciencies, he knew only too well that in a work of such length as the 
New Testament, even the most careful workman must make many 
a slip. We must remember too that the Tagalog translator is handi- 
capped by difficulties inherent in the Tagalog language itself. Ta- 
galog is admittedly an adequate medium of expression in the strictly 
literary field, but its vocabulary is too undeveloped to express the 
90 PHILIPPINE STUDIES 
technically difficult concepts of philosophy and theology, especially 
those found in the Epistles of St. Paul. Tagalog, furthermore, lacks 
specific terms for many ideas and objects in everyday use, and, for 
some shades of meaning, the translator must resort to coined words 
or to awkward roundabout expressions. 
Careful editing and clear modern print combine to make Ang 
Bagong Tipan an attractive and readable volume. Its format is 
somewhat modeled after the popular Confraternity Edition of the 
New Testament published in the United States. Headings in bold- 
face *type conveniently break up the text into logical groupings. 
This arrangement has the advantage of avoiding monotony and of 
giving the reader a general idea of the section he is reading. There 
are also abundant footnotes, a glossary to explain unfamiliar terms, 
and maps to make the reading of the New Testament as helpful 
as possible. 
Ang Bagong Tipan could find an honored place in the teaching 
of the national language. I t  was the reviewer's good fortune to 
have been in contact with the translation even before it was pub- 
lished in book form. He used it to good advantage in his Tagalog 
classes at San Jose Seminary. The students were occasionally made 
to translate a familiar passage of the Gospel from English into Ta- 
galog, and then their efforts were compared with Fr. Trinidad's 
translation of the same passage. The class generally agreed that 
their attempts sounded labored and unwieldy beside the smoothly 
running, economically phrased, precise sentences of Fr. Trinidad. 
It would not be an exaggeration to say that non-Tagalog students - could learn much of the genius of the Tagalog language by frequent 
readings from this new translation. But it is primarily in the field 
of religion that this work of Fr. Trinidad will render signal service. 
Throughout the ages, seekers after truth have come to know and 
' love and serve God better by reading and meditating on the lessons 
of the Gospels made known to them through their own native tongues. 
This modern translation will bring its Tagalog readers to a greater 
appreciation of and loyalty to the Personality of Christ, and many 
others who do not yet know the treasures of the divinity hidden in 
Christ will find in these pages the Light that is Life. 
SAINT FRANC~S XAVIER. By James Brodrick, S.J. Wicklow Press 
New Yo&; Burns, Oates, London. 1952. pp. 548. P12.00 
THE FIRE OF FRANCIS XAVIER. By Arthur McGratty, S.J. Bruce 
Publishing Co., Milwaukee. 1952. pp. 295. P9.50 
The year 1952, marking the fourth centenary of the death of 


English

Ang Bagong Tipan ng Ating Mananakop at Panginoong Jesu-Cristo

Hyland, Walter F.

Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints 
Volume 1 Number 2 Article 9 
6-25-1953 
Education or Chaos 
Walter F. Hyland 
Follow this and additional works at: https://archium.ateneo.edu/phstudies 
 Part of the Anthropology Commons, Education Commons, History Commons, Political Science 
Commons, and the Sociology Commons 
Recommended Citation 
Hyland, Walter F. (1953) "Education or Chaos," Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints: 
Vol. 1: No. 2, Article 9. 
DOI: https://doi.org/10.13185/2244-1638.3566 
Available at: https://archium.ateneo.edu/phstudies/vol1/iss2/9 
This Book Review is brought to you for free and open access by the Ateneo Journals at Archīum Ateneo. It has 
been accepted for inclusion in Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints by an authorized editor 
of Archīum Ateneo. 
philippine studies
Ateneo de Manila University • Loyola Heights, Quezon City • 1108 Philippines
Education or Chaos
by Jose M. Hernandez 
Review Author: Walter F. Hyland
Philippine Studies vol. 2 no. 3 (1954): 176–180
Copyright © Ateneo de Manila University
Philippine Studies is published by the Ateneo de Manila 
University. Contents may not be copied or sent via email 
or other  means to multiple sites and posted to a listserv 
without the copyright holder’s written permission. Users 
may download and print articles for individual, noncom-
mercial use only. However, unless prior permission has 
been obtained, you may not download an entire issue of a 
journal, or download multiple copies of articles.
Please contact the publisher for any further use of this 
work at philstudies@admu.edu.ph.
http://www.philippinestudies.net
176 PHILIPPINE STUDIES 
apparently contradictary view exhibited in the present volume in 
the face of that very same diversity. From the earliest wbnial days 
non.public and religious schools have constituted an integral and 
highly important element in the educational system of the United 
States. The same is true of the British Cinnmonwealth nations. 
Liberty and democracy have thriven on them. Of the fifty4ive 
signers of the American Declaration of Independence, only one is 
known to have attended the public schoc~ls. Indeed, up to the final 
quarter of the nineteenth centuv, publicly controlled educational 
establidhjments played a very minor role in American life. This 
elementary historical fact convbts Dr. Canant of a grave error in 
his insinuation that the present proportion of mnnpublic sc'hools in 
the United States (about 10 per cent) is a departure from the tradi- 
tional American pattern. The 'truth is quite the contrary. The 
~ e a l  innovation is the contemporary government-controlled, mono- 
polistic, secular s~h1ool. 
On the whole, the views expressed and implied in Education and 
Liberty on the question of schools and democracy, while pretending 
to be democratic, strike this reviewer as dangerously close to outright 
totalitarianism. Unity and uniformity have become Dr. Conant's 
magic watchwords. The diversity of opinion which in 1948 he 
regarded as "the bedrock of our national unity" is now a "threat". 
His logical next step is to advocate the elimination of l&e "&reat" 
by destroying, d i m l y  or indirectly, the God-given freedom of parents 
to choose for &ei~ clhildren the kind of education they think best 
and forcing &em ci la Hitler and Stdin to conform to $he pattern 
prescribed by himself and (his coterie from Columbia and the National 
EDUCATION OR CHAOS. By Jose M. Hernandez. A pamphlet reprint 
of ten articles previously published singly in The  Manila Times. 
Manila. 1953. pp. 2-64. Appendix. 
Dr. Hernandez is to to congratulated on this pamphlet. Likewise 
The Manila Times for having given these ideas space. It is ~efwhing 
to hear a man speak out so loudly, so boldly and so well on such 
a vital national topic as the educational set-up. 
I suppose that most all who know the facts and who are un- 
prejudiced, will agree wirh his general picture. Regarding the pu- 
blic s&mls, Dr. Hernandez maintains that they are engaged in the 
mass production of spiritually, moralIy and intellectually deficient 
students (what Dr. Hernandez calls "potential hoodlums"), ignor- 
BOOK REVIEWS 177 
ant of the English language and strangers to any real thought. 
This lamentable p product is the result of poorly trained teachers, 
6 n g  under unfavorable conditions and employing faulty me- 
thods (such as those of progressive education and excessive ob- 
jective tests), in an atmosphere in which students have *lost my 
sense of discipline and authority, and the pasomel through few 
any initiative. 
Very many of the private schools suffer from tbe same defects. 
But in addition, the highly commercial motives upon &id  they 
are operated have produced the "diploma mills" with all their 
abuses: indifference to standards, overcrowded classrooms, travel- 
ing libraries, outline education through inferim mimeographed notes, 
absentee students, &e production of incompetent BSE's by incom- 
petent BSE's. In such institutions even the laudable efforts of the 
Bureau are evaded. Meanwhile, Dr. Hmandez notes, the private 
schools of the Philippines can boast at least one attribute found 
nowhere else in the d d :  they are taxed by the government. 
These two systems, Dr. Hernandez says, with d n  notable 
exceptions, are turning out ''morally bankrupt intellectual misfits, 
shiftless and use1ess citizens and tharoughly undisciplined Filipinos, 
emotionally immature, imesponsible, and in many cases conscience- 
less", WMI no regard for good books, craving "sex", in many cases 
lacking "even the e k m e n t q  characteristics of a gentleman: cour- 
tesy, grace, refined speech, respect for authority, reverence for the! 
aged, consideration for the poor and infirm." 
Dr. Hernandez suggests as a remedy for &is situation a revision 
of the educational system, along the following lines: ( 1 ) elementary 
eduuation, essentially for the masses, with the objective literacy; 
(2) secondary educadon with a twofold &vision: vocational, to 
prepare for jobs, mainly manual; academic, to prepare for college; 
(3) technical or vocational education after high school, to prepare 
for imediiate efficiency in same employment cli~ke radio, carpentry, 
typing, or accounting, elementary school teaching; (4) or the college 
after the academic high-school only, for &me fitted or inclined to 
become leadm; objective: preparation for Iife and specialization; 
(5) 'the university, for those who wish to and cam become experts 
and specialists; objective: prepamtion far t a d d i p  in a democracy. 
Naturally, he. diesires &at d l  ,the evils enumated adxwe be re- 
medied. And mow constructively he p r o ~ ~ ~ :  that the local dialect 
be the principal language of instruction in the primary school. Eng- 
lislh would become and remain the principal language f ~ o m  the fifh 
gmde on. Tagalog would have an i m m t ,  if subordhate place 
in &e course, with +mi& aIso included at the proper tithe. 
In his division of technical and academic training, he would have 
opportunity distributed according to rhe talents of the students. 
The University in Dr. Hernandez's concept would be d o t e d  to 
178 PHILIPPINE STUDIES 
the ktellectuad klite, and would be reached h u g h  an aaademic 
high sc!hy)ol and college training, with due insistence on the balanced 
fannation of d l  the faculties of the student. This training would 
embrace the humanities, the social sciences, slcience and mathematics, 
wi& philosophy added in college. Screening by experts and exami- 
nations would be used to effect the proposed selection. 
Countless reflections might be made on this well thought out 
pamphlet of Dr. Hernandez. I venture only a few: 
(1) I wonder whether the time is ripe for trying to effect such 
a reform on a national scale. I am inclined to agree with a method 
such as (the one proposed by Mr. Jeremias U. Montemaym for 
agricultural reform, in his recent series entitled "Plows and Peace" 
in The Manila Times. He woulmd begin with the barrios. Let @he 
Government leave sufficient 13berty to competent individual schools, 
or associations of schools, so that they can really educate when they 
want to. For instance, any grade school that wants to insist on the 
following simple objectives for the end of sixth grade should be 
allowed to & so: the correct undemtanding, speaking, pronouncing, 
personal composition of English sentences, and knowing thoroughly 
enough arithmetic for the stadng of dgebra. Of course certain 
suhrdinate ends will not be neglected, but they will not be allowed 
to hinder education, as the complaint goes about some of the "prog- 
ressive" type schools. We have a strange, paradoxical situation 
today: in the name of education we are often forbidden bo educate, 
in the name of patriotism (in this case the lhighest training and 
welfare of the people), we are forbidden #to be patriotic. 
(2) All Catholic schools should immediately insist on the imple- 
mentation of the scholastic philosophy laws of training of the students' 
faculties, and the ~bmonious training of these faculties. This philo- 
sophy should germinate in detailed classroom methods. We should 
have the liberty to do this. But I would not try to convmt the entiw 
local educational world to the superiority of the faculty plan of 
education. There axe too many forces against us. As long as the 
situation p~vails h t  the best exponents of the "worst education 
of dl,'' as nomal school and teachers' college education has been 
called (Time, Ootober 16, 1950, p. 31), should hold key pit ions 
in the direction of the department of edu~ation, ilt is vain to ex- 
pect that the educational philosophy of Dr. Hernandez should b 
accepted to my very wide extent. But mare democracy and less 
bureaucracy in education, more liberty for 'the exercise of pivate 
competence, and the encouraging of private competence, will go a 
long way towards solving our difficulties. Each case can #be gauged 
by its results. Regardless of theory, I think it is not difficult to 
convince a thinking educator of a n h e r  school of thought that the 
daculty plan works out extraordinarily well in practice for the national 
welfare. 
BOOK REVIEWS 179 
(3) I am not convinced that it is more for the welfare of the 
Filipino people to tea& the primary grade in the vernacular. Time 
is sho& &or eduoation. We can afford to lose none of ift. I believe 
it is better for the national welfare to keep in mind primarily the 
education of those who will continue further, not of those who 
drop out. English opens up the world of the past and the p e m t  
to the student. A lknowledge of these two worlds, an h e  part of 
a select few at 'least, is necessary for rhe greater national good. 
These select few cannot afford to lose the yeam of primary school. 
As regads those who dmp out after primary school, it is to be 
noted that if they can say something in English, they can also say 
it in their own dialect, but not vice-versa. That children are not 
samedhat literate both in English and in their own dialect at the 
end of primary school is due to faulty methods, I believe. Camxt 
$he methods! More memory of essentials, more drill, more exer- 
oises terminating in expression. Eliminate the abuses of the "pro- 
gressive" system. It also would seem certain $hat rhus greater union 
is promoted among the different constituent elements of the Filipino 
nation. Also, the stressing of "content" courses, even in citizenship, 
before the mind is matured by language study, seems to be futile, 
even i4 $he courses be in the local vernacular. 
(4) I would like to add something hew to what Dr. Hernandez 
has on rhe same matter. I believe it can be logically shown that 
to accomplish rhe humanistic ideals of Chancellor Hernandez, ad- 
vanced training in one fully developed language with an extensive 
literature is necessary. Other languages must be subordinated. Edu- 
cation with equal value for everything is consistently a relative failure. 
In point of fact, English is now the majar language of our education, 
l?ke it or not. In the present circumstances of history, and for the 
greater artistic, scientific, social, economic, and military welfare of 
the Filipino people, it seems advisable that it stay so. Other languages 
then must be subordinated-in educational inrpontance, in time all&- 
ment. I aan inclined to believe that 1mx-e Tagalog can be learned 
in less time, if, after the e1emen.t~ of the grammar are taught (maybe 
comparatively with English), translations fnrm English, as Mr. Her- 
nandez also suggests, are assigned as written exercises; if progressive 
exercises in speaking and writing with advanced English literary 
models should be assigned, together with certain readings done out- 
side of class. Thus, with even two periods a week, Tagalog could 
be raised to an advanced 'literary stage in the capable student's reper- 
toim of abilities. Likewise Spanish must be greatly subordinated. 
If Spanish were the de facto major language of education here, I 
would say the same about it as I say of English. And let me add 
here, if certain select sch~ols, in certain select classes, want to make 
Latin the major language, and cwnnect it wirh the development of 
English and Tagalog, by all means let them do so, and give them 
180 PHILIPPINE STUDIES 
f d  recognition for it. Nowadays we paise the educated minds of 
Jd Rizal and Claro Recto, but we forget that the type of early 
teen-age education that produced hose minds is forbidden. 
(5) Dr. Hernandez suggests &at a greater percentage of the 
national income should go for the support of public schools. I sug- 
gest that the G<wernment study seriously how it can cut down its 
edua.tiona1 appropria&m by partly subsidizing private schools, in- 
cluding ~ o o ' l s  under the sulpexvision of a Ohurch. It is c h e a p  
partly to subsidize private schools, under government inspection, than 
totally to support the present primary school system. If the people 
in a barrio want a Catholic grade school, it is cheaper to subsidize 
it partly and close up (the public school. The same for certain pro- 
Vincid !high schools as regards the Provincial Government. I am 
fairly sure Dr. Hernandez would be in favor of this system also, 
since he mentions sympathetically rhe systems of England, Hdlland, 
Idand, Canada The financid argument is very strong here, and 
it is probably the only one that will appeal to the Government at 
present. The concomitant M i a  of greater peace, more religion, 
more morality, more liberty, more democracy, I believe would be 
hufficient against the present powedul current of Masonic tradition, 
that !has public education so within its grasp that we have had for 
years a most intimate union of State and ChuAL-the Philippine 
State and that Church tihat is the Masonic religion. A strange 
anachronism at -4, but a powerful fact, for which many iduen- 
tial men are always ready to do battle. 
I advance these views with due hum2lity, I trust. On most dl 
h e r  points of Dr. Hernandez, I would be in substantial agreement. 
A few points night need further clarificaitim, e.g., rhe plw;tical 
wonkings of lrhe pposed  accrediting association, the feasibility of 
government exams for entrance to universities. As a closing salute, 
Dr. Hmnandez is again to be felicitated on his very intellectual and 
carefully prepared badldet. 
WALTER F. HYLAND 
IDEAS JURIDICO-TEOL~GICAS DE LOS RELIGIOSOS DE FILIPINAS OBRE 
u CQNQUISTA DE US ISLAS. Por FT. Jesiis G a p  Aragbn, 
O.P., Ph.D., Emprenta de la Univasidad de Santo T d s ,  
Manila. 1950. pp. ii-242. 
This judicious and well-documented study is #he extended ver- 
sion of *he inaugural lecture given by the Archivist of the Univer- 
sity of Santo Tom& at the beginning of the school year 1950-1951. 
I t  deals wish the Philippine phase of what Lewis Hanke calls "the 


Education or Chaos

Gehring, Ralph B.

Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints 
Volume 1 Number 2 Article 18 
6-25-1953 
The Church Today 
Ralph B. Gehring 
Follow this and additional works at: https://archium.ateneo.edu/phstudies 
 Part of the Anthropology Commons, Education Commons, History Commons, Political Science 
Commons, and the Sociology Commons 
Recommended Citation 
Gehring, Ralph B. (1953) "The Church Today," Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints: 
Vol. 1: No. 2, Article 18. 
DOI: https://doi.org/10.13185/2244-1638.3576 
Available at: https://archium.ateneo.edu/phstudies/vol1/iss2/18 
This Book Review is brought to you for free and open access by the Ateneo Journals at Archīum Ateneo. It has 
been accepted for inclusion in Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints by an authorized editor 
of Archīum Ateneo. 
philippine studies
Ateneo de Manila University • Loyola Heights, Quezon City • 1108 Philippines
The Church Today:
The Collected Writings of Emmanuel Cardinal Suhard
 
Introduction by John J. Wright, D.D.  
 
Review Author: Ralph B. Gehring
Philippine Studies vol. 1, no. 2 (1953): 200–202
Copyright © Ateneo de Manila University
Philippine Studies is published by the Ateneo de Manila 
University. Contents may not be copied or sent via email 
or other  means to multiple sites and posted to a listserv 
without the copyright holder’s written permission. Users 
may download and print articles for individual, noncom-
mercial use only. However, unless prior permission has 
been obtained, you may not download an entire issue of a 
journal, or download multiple copies of articles.
Please contact the publisher for any further use of this 
work at philstudies@admu.edu.ph.
http://www.philippinestudies.net
200 PHILIPPINE S T U D I E S  
nran of business or politics, will find precisely that-an expresion, 
oftem strikingly clew and incisive, of the Catholic attitude on the 
concrete problems that m p  up f ~ o m  day to day in our modern world. 
THE CHURCH TODAY. 'Ilhe Collected Writings d Emmanuel Car- 
dinal Suhard. Introduction by John J. Wright, D.D. Fides 
Publishers, Chicago, Illinois. 1953. pp. xvii - 37 1. $4.75 
When Emmanuel Suhard died in 1949, the Church Militant lost 
me of her greatest contemporaq figures. Born in Brittany in 1874, 
he was consecrated Bishop of Bayeux-Liiieux in 1928, Archbishop of 
Rheirns in 1930, Cardinal in 1935, Archbishop of Paris in 1940. He 
was the founder of the controverted Mission of France and Mission 
of Paris, the former a unique seminary and the latter an equally 
original organization of lay-garbed priests working among the de- 
Ghridanized laboren of that capital. Cardinal Suhard risked his 
life interceding for Jews, hostages and deportees during the Nazi 
occupation of his country, while constantly supporting Catholic Action 
movements and the clandestine newspaper Tkmoignage Chrktien, borh 
driven underground by the invaders. 
The Church Today transmits ,to the world an intellectuad and 
spiritual legacy worthy of a Prince of the Church. I t  consists of 
excerpts from the Cardinal's spiritual diary and of seven pastoral 
letters. These lle$ters, however, are no ordinary pastorals; they are 
filled with the profound and (pnonal reflections of a modern man 
rethinking the traditional doctrines of the Church in their ~applica- 
tion t~ an apostate France in a war-torn and, later, only half-liberated 
world. Wlhat St. Augustine did for Christendom in the fourth en- 
tury, Suhard did for France in the twentieth, and for d l  who are 
willing to profit by her lessons. 
And there are indeed lessons for all, including the Philippines, 
herself invaded so recently and likewise in dange~ of deahristianiza- 
tion. In 1941-44 the Cardinal's ?letter on "Providence" (pp. 3-14) 
would have brought courage to many a Filipino heart, and it may 
again be needed in the future. In the letter on "The Parish Com- 
munity" (pp. 17-28) aTe lessons specifically for C&holics; Catholics 
and non-Catholics alike have much to learn from "The Church on 
Private Propertyyy (pp. 3 1-6 1 ) . 
I t  is the post-war past&, however, whidh fully reveal the 
stature of Emmanuel Suhard. His experience, his assimilation of the 
Fathers, especially Augustine, of the Catholic intellectuals of France 
and Belgium, of the encydicals of recent Popes, of the meaning of 
BOOK REVIEWS 201 
the good and evil in the swiding ism and ideologies of contemporary 
life, now blossom freely i~rto full and perfect flower. "Who will 
make the synthesis of the new universe? What will be h principle 
and its inspiiration?" asks Suhard in " G m t h  ar Decline?" (pp. 93- 
170) and then proceeds to answer those who say the C h d  is dying, 
as well as those within her ranks who wish to mitigate her doctines 
or tend to stand aloof from the world's affairs. The Church is not 
dying, says Suhard, but has reached a new orisis in her gmwth, as 
has the world itself. "The re-emergence of the Church" demands 
"he  primacy of h e  Spiritual, and insertion in the Temporal" (p. 
143). The Church is transcendent, but she is incarnate as well, and 
"without incarnation (participation in human affairs) the Church 
ceases to exist" (p. 156). The building of the future City (human 
society) is the work of all Christians, but especially of intellectuals, 
and many Catholic intellectuals have found their Magna Carta in 
the words : 
Your research Hall deal fimt of all with Truth simply and solely, 
and with disiantereeted knowledge . . . You will adlow no consideration 
of interest, not even of apologetics, to eater im; you will seek only for 
what is. Your loyalty will be equalled only by your opemness of mind 
and bthe effective co-opilltian you show with all those, believers or 
nan-believers, who pursue Truth "with all their mind". You d l  have 
no hesitation im devoting youndvea, with a31 your powexti and "im the 
delight of knowing" to your ''moation of scholamhip" (p. 160). 
"The Meving of God" (pp. 173-215) is the natural complement 
of "Growth or Decline?" Our age is an age without God, says Su- 
hard, and Christians unavoidably breathe its pernicious atmosphere, 
not without harm to themselves. The nominal Catholic, Filipino as 
well as French, will see his portrait on p. 174, and many practicing 
Catholics m y  well tremble at the indictment: 
. . . in their fives as a whole, God has ceased to be a personal God; 
he ia a principle, a colorless abknaotion. The awful a d  overwhelmiog 
words of Christ f d  unheeded on their ears, the Gospel does not eater 
into thdr  lives. Need we be surprised if 'the lives of so m a y  Ch&tians, 
whioh proclaim C h ~ s t  so slightly or so badly, are barren or a mandd 
to the unbeliever? 
There is a remedy, however, for ourselves and for the world: it is 
to llemember that the Son of Man is also Son of God; fhe trans- 
cendence and immanence of the Church in the world are based u ' p n  
the Transcendence and Immanence of God; to forget that God 
created the world out of love, and saved it out of love, would be 
to lose the meaning of both God and Man. 
A reviewer cannot say everything about a bodr such as The 
Church Today. The Christian economist will praise it for i,ts expos6 
of the doctrine of the Popes on private property. The priest may 
202 PHILIPPINE STUDIES 
h is  &ion in the social order nowhere M e r  described than 
in the inspilling "Priests Among Men" (pp. 219-344) ; he may even 
rank it lhigha &am the papal encyclical on athe priesthood. Laymen 
will receive an insight ianto the saul of a G U - A r c h b i ~ h o p ,  and 
religious mcognize a kindred spirit in the "SSpiritual Diary" (pp. 347- 
371), whose message may be summarized in Sthard's mrds: "I 
must be  a saint in order to to a good mhbishop of Paris." Certainly 
Fides Publishers have done the English reading world a great service 
in producing this work, and the Catholic Boak Club of the United 
States was justified in making it its July selection. 
Contributors and Reviewers-(Cont.) 
He has been awaxded the Cardinal Spellman award far outstanding 
wonk in @he field of the~1og-y. He contributa numerous articles 
to American magazines, especially Thought, Social Order, and his 
own Theological Studies. Faher Murray s p i t  three yearn in the 
Philippines (1927-1930) on the staff of the Ateneo de Manila. 
REV. ARTHUR A. WEISS, S.J. is assistant ,to the Vice-Provincial of 
the Society of Jesus in the Philippines. Father Weiss is currently 
lectuxing an Communism in the Instirtute of Social Order. 
FERNANDO ZOBEL DE AYALA has studied in the Philippines, Spain, 
Switzerland and the United St&es. He is A.B. magna cum laude, 
Harvaxl, 1949. He also made graduate studies in the Department 
of Graphic Arts, Harvard University. Mr. Z&el has painted ,pofes- 
sional'ly since 1949, and exhibited in Boston, Cambridge (Mass.), 
New York, Manila and India. In the recent Philippine Art Asso- 
ciation exhibit his Cmroza was adjudged first among the modern 
pieces. He is at present forming a collection of photographs, books 
and objects  elating to Philippine art and architecture, with a view 
to publishing a work on the subject at some future date. 


The Church Today

Crisol, Jose M.

Communist Propaganda in the Philippines (1950-1953)

Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints 
Volume 1 
Number 3 Issues 3-4 (September–December 
1953) 
Article 15 
12-31-1953 
The Catholic Way, My Way of Life and The Sacred Heart 
Encyclicals of Pope Leo XIII and Pope Prus XI 
Ralph B. Gehring 
Follow this and additional works at: https://archium.ateneo.edu/phstudies 
 Part of the Anthropology Commons, Education Commons, History Commons, Political Science 
Commons, and the Sociology Commons 
Recommended Citation 
Gehring, Ralph B. (1953) "The Catholic Way, My Way of Life and The Sacred Heart Encyclicals of Pope Leo 
XIII and Pope Prus XI," Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints: Vol. 1: No. 3, Article 15. 
DOI: https://doi.org/10.13185/2244-1638.3594 
Available at: https://archium.ateneo.edu/phstudies/vol1/iss3/15 
This Book Review is brought to you for free and open access by the Ateneo Journals at Archīum Ateneo. It has 
been accepted for inclusion in Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints by an authorized editor 
of Archīum Ateneo. 
philippine studies
Ateneo de Manila University • Loyola Heights, Quezon City • 1108 Philippines
The Catholic Way
by Theodore Maynard
 
My Way Of Life: The Summa Simplified for Everyone
by Walter Farrell, O.P., S.T.M. and Martin J. Healy, S.T.D. 
 
The Sacred Heart Encyclicals of Pope Leo XIII and Pope Pius XI
Introduction and Outlines by Carl J. Moell, S.J.  
 
 
 
  
Review Author: Ralph B. Gehring
Philippine Studies vol. 1, no. 3 (1953): 292–294
Copyright © Ateneo de Manila University
 Philippine Studies is published by the Ateneo de Manila
 University. Contents may not be copied or sent via email
 or other  means to multiple sites and posted to a listserv
 without the copyright holder’s written permission. Users
 may download and print articles for individual, non-
 commercial use only. However, unless prior permission has
 been obtained, you may not download an entire issue of a
  journal, or download multiple copies of articles.
 
 Please contact the publisher for any further use of this 
 work at philstudies@admu.edu.ph.
  
http://www.philippinestudies.net
292 PHILIPPINE STUDIES 
of sufficient reason. When men make mistakes, it is not the evi- 
dence of reality, but passion, bias, prejudice or temperament which, 
wittingly or unwittingly, has influenced their judgment. Critical 
reflexion on one's motives for assent will usually reveal the error. 
Reality, however, is so vast and complex that man will never com- 
pletely unveil the "mystery" of being. 
Fathers Hassett, Mitchell and Monan present the above doc- 
trines in a familiar and at times colloquial style, remembering that 
their text is for beginnem in the study of philosophy. They likewise 
avoid the thesis-form students often find ~epulsive, and offer instead 
a series of easily read chapters, each preceded by inviting quotations 
from well-\known authors and provided with summaries to facilitate 
repetitions. The text is intended for a 45Jhour course and is impec- 
cably printed. 
Impeccability cannot be predicated of the Authors' entire effort, 
however. This text frequently sins by a loose use of words and by . 
an absence of judicious q~al~ification which will certainly cause the 
student difficulty, as, under the influence of the Authon themselves, 
he becomes more discerning. Partially as a result of these inaccu- 
racies, there are minor contradictions between earlier and later parts 
d the book. The teacher will be able to remove them, and perhaps 
the better students also will be able to do so, particularly il they 
make use of the lists of suggested readings (all, incidentally, ~ r o m  
accessible works), but it would have been much better to have 
cbviated such defects in the composition of his, in general, praise- 
worthy first edition. 
THE CATHOLIC WAY. By Tkodom Maynard. Appleton-Century- 
Crofts, Inc., New Yo&. 1952. Pp. A-302. $3.50 
MY WAY OF LIFE. Pocket Edition of St. Thomas. ?;he Summa 
Simplified lor Everyone by Walter Farrell, O.P., S.T.M. and 
Martin J. Healy, S.T.D. Confraternity of the Precious Blood, 
Brooklyn, N. Y. 1952. Pp. vi-630. $1.35. 
THE SACRED HEART ENCYCLICALS OF POPE LEO XI11 AND POPE 
Pxus XI. Anniversary Edition. I n t d u c t b n  and Outlines by 
Carl J. Moell, S.J. The America P~ess, New York. 1953. 
Pp. 72. $0.25. 
The Catholic Way, says its "Explanation in Lieu of a Preface," 
h written "from a layman's p i n t  of view," and is "an account of 
what the Catholic Church means to a layman, or should mean to 
a layman." Hawever, the authois "primary purpose is not to pre- 
sent Catholic doctrine," whiuh has already been well presented; he 
BOOK REVIEWS 293 
has ''something different in mind," namely, a description of &e 
Catholic way of life, which, as fa r  as he is aware, "has not been 
attempted belore." 
Mr. Maynard has lived almost forty yean of Catholic life since 
his conversion from Protestantism in 1915. With more than thirty 
books to his credit, he is one of the most pdific Catholic authors 
in the United States today. His Catholic Way, however, is not al- 
ways the "inspiring analysis" which its jaoket says it is, nor is it 
often "warm" nor always "reassuring". The average layman, Cath- 
olic and non-Cawic, will find in it a wealth of detailed information, 
rarely incorrect, but only inattention, or a knowledge he cannot be 
expeoted to possess, will preserve him from certain confusions and 
even fmm positive errors. Thus he will read rhat miracles may be 
due to the operation of unknown laws "in some instances" (p. 45) ; 
that those baptized outside +he Church may have a relationship to 
it, only, it seems, "if they are in a state of grace" (p. 62) ; that the 
Clhurch "deals gently with sins, so long as they are sincerely repented" 
(p. 77) ; that "among Catholics of the Eastern rites there is not the 
same degree of worship paid to +he Blessed Sacrament, except during 
Mass itself" (p. 121, footnote) ; that diabolic pcmession "can occur 
only because of a yielding of the will" (p. 161) ; that democracy is 
"the form of government most consonant with Catholicism" (p. 
176) ; etc. 
Now the Churuh has never, to our knowledge, declared de- 
mocracy to be the form of government most consonant with Catho- 
licism. She has, however, decla~ed that no one form of government 
is k t  for all circumstances, and that the form of government should 
be adapted to different times and peoples. As for diabolic possession 
occurring "only because of a yielding of the will," we wonder what 
proof Mr. Maynard can adduce. There are many recorded cases 
in which diabolic possession seems to have occurred in opposition 
to the will of the person possessed. The same degree of worship, 
i.e. divine, is paid to the Blessed Sacrament by Catholics of the 
Eastern Uniate rites, as is paid by Catholics of the Latin or other 
Western rites. The only difference, as Mr. Maynard undoubtedly 
meant to say, is in the external manifestation of such divine worship. 
The Church, of course, deals gently with sinners, not with sins. 
Those baptized outside the Church, whether in grace or not, have 
a relation to it, as truly as those within it. So also have those who 
have not even been baptized: The Chub is "Catholic", universal, 
and no one is excused from hearing its voice, or, having sufficiently 
heard it, from obeying it. Miracles, finally, are never due to un- 
known laws of nature. Miracles, in their very notion, are divinely 
produced effects, outside of or in contradiction to physical laws. 
There are undoubtedly good and even quotable passages in 
The Catholic Way, but they do not seem to compensate its defects. 
294 PHILIPPINE STUDIES 
If 'Vhtholic living takes the pattern that it does" from Catholic 
doctrine, greater care may justly be demanded in the expression of 
that doctrine. Had Mr. Maynard attempted less, or more assiduously 
cultivated the fbooks, "some of the nost recent and \best by laymen," 
whose primary purpose is to present Catholic doctrine, and had he 
likewise given to his individual chapters the limpidity and order of 
his table of contents, he would have described the Catholic way of 
life more usefully for his readers and more creditably to his literary 
and 'his Catholic self. 
M y  Way of Life is quite anorher work. Here the average lay- 
man need fear no doctrinal errors, no confusions, and this not only 
because the author is St. Thomas Aquinas but also because his 
translators and paraphrasers, Frs. Farrell and Healy, have portrayed 
his thought wimrh an accuracy and a clarity equal to those of the 
great Doctor himself. The Summa Simplified for Everyone is a 
terse, forceful and vivid "representation" of a supernatural theology 
and a rational philosophy of life, possessing the admirable quality 
of satisfying heart and mind. The publishers have given it a format 
slightly larger but just as attractive as that of their editions of the 
Sunday Missal. Evidence of the public's appreciation is the volume 
of sales-second largest in the Catholio bookstores d the United 
States, according to America's Booklog for June. 
Carl J. Moell's edition of The Sacred Heart Encyclicals will 
be a useful instrument for Colombiere Circles, study clulbs and other 
groups desiring authoritative explanations of the Sacred Heart de- 
votion in handy form. Besides Leo XIII's Annum Sanctum (on 
Consecration) and Pius XI'S Quas Primas (on the Kingship of 
Christ), Miserentissimus Redemptor (on Reparation) and Caritate 
Christi Compulsi (on Prayer and Expiation in the present distress 
of the Human Race), there is also a four-page excerpt, unmentioned 
in the pamphlet's title, from Pius XII's Summi Pontificatus (on the 
Unity d $he Human Race). 
RALPH B. GEHRING 
THE WARRIOR SAINT. By R. V. C. Bodley. Little, Brown and 
Company, Boston. 1953. Pp. 302. $4.00. 
This is not another bouk on St. Ignatius Loyola. The subject 
of the biography is C'harles de Foucauld, "viscount, libertine, hussar, 
explorer, Trappist monk, hermit in Palestine and missionary in the 
Sahara." His life (1858-1916) was extraordinary in many ways. 
In  his youth and early manhood he was extraordinarily lazy, glut- 
tonous, vain, petulant, purposeless, irreligious. Deprived of his com- 
mission in the French Cavalry cm the occasion of a notorious affair 
with a prostitute, he began at last to show signs of maturity. Later 
readmitted to the army when trouble broke out in North Africa, he 


The Catholic Way, My Way of Life and The Sacred Heart Encyclicals of Pope Leo XIII and Pope Prus XI

1953, Volume 1

Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints 
Volume 1 
Number 3 Issues 3-4 (September–December 
1953) 
Article 18 
12-31-1953 
Index to Volume 1: 1953 
Volume 1. 1953 
Follow this and additional works at: https://archium.ateneo.edu/phstudies 
 Part of the Anthropology Commons, Education Commons, History Commons, Political Science 
Commons, and the Sociology Commons 
Recommended Citation 
1953, Volume 1. (1953) "Index to Volume 1: 1953," Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic 
Viewpoints: Vol. 1: No. 3, Article 18. 
DOI: https://doi.org/10.13185/2244-1638.3597 
Available at: https://archium.ateneo.edu/phstudies/vol1/iss3/18 
This Commentary is brought to you for free and open access by the Ateneo Journals at Archīum Ateneo. It has 
been accepted for inclusion in Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints by an authorized editor 
of Archīum Ateneo. 
philippine studies
Ateneo de Manila University • Loyola Heights, Quezon City • 1108 Philippines
Index
Index to Volume 1: 1953
Philippine Studies vol. 1, no. 4 (1953): 298–303
Copyright © Ateneo de Manila University
Philippine Studies is published by the Ateneo de Manila 
University. Contents may not be copied or sent via email 
or other  means to multiple sites and posted to a listserv 
without the copyright holder’s written permission. Users 
may download and print articles for individual, noncom-
mercial use only. However, unless prior permission has 
been obtained, you may not download an entire issue of a 
journal, or download multiple copies of articles.
Please contact the publisher for any further use of this 
work at philstudies@admu.edu.ph.
http://www.philippinestudies.net
INDEX OF VOLUME I 
(Names in pammtht 
Abontion, 244 
Activity p g r a m  in education, 185 
Adult Education, 66 
Agcaoili, T. D. : Philippine Writing, 
223 
Agnosticism, 274 
Agrarian reforms in China, 284 
Agriculture in the Philippines, 16 
Alejandro, Rufino, 88 
Alexander VI, 158 
AlguC, Jose, 32 
kntthologies of Philippine Wniting 
278 
~ r p % A a t e  among Men-Today, 59 
Aquino, Bmigno, for divorce, 46 
Araneta, Salvador: Imperative: An 
Agricuhtural Policy in %he Philip- 
pines, 16 
Arcaira, Leopoldo, 88 
ArCvalo, C. G.: rev., 77 
Artistic Expression, Filipino, 125 
Asian Nationalism and the West .  
Edited by William L. Holland (H. 
de la Costa), 280 
Astronomy, 40 
Atimza, Hermenigildo, for divorce, 
48, 51 
Atomic Bomb, 238 
Augustimist Theory of Occupation, 
159 
Bagong Tipan ng Ating Mananakop 
at Panginoong Jesucristo, Ang. 
Juan T.  Trinidad (Antonio T. 
Leetai), 88 
Barton, R. F.: T h e  Kalingas: Their 
Institutions and Custom Law, 96 
Basca~a, Domingo, 262 
Baziln, Rene: Life of de Foucauld, 
295 
Belgium, Priests In, 171 
Benavides, Bishop, 181 
Benimtez, Cmrado, 261 
Bennad, Miguel A. : Philippine Short 
Stories-1952. 5 : Poetrv bv Allu- 
sion, 223; re"., 79: 186 
' 
Beyex, H. Otley, 97 
Bevond East and West .  Tohn C .  H .  
W'U. (Daniesl ~liflord)", 286 
Birth Control, 245 
Bocobo, Jorge. and Divorce. 50: Fur- . -  - .  
rows and Arrows: Poetrv and verse.  
79; m d  Code, 275 * 
Bodley, F. V. C.: T h e  Warrior Saint, 
294 
Brain-washing in Red China. Ed- 
ward Hunter. (Daniel Clifford), 
194 
Brandeis, Justice, 286 
Brillantes, Gregorio, 6 
Brodridc, James: St. Francis Xavier, 
90 
Brooks, Clem&, an T.  S. Eliot, 228 
Browning, Robert, 272 
Calleja, Estela A.: Integration, 185 
Calo, Marcos, for divorce, 48 
Cmus ,  Manuel, 262 
Gardozo, Justice, 286 
Carmma, Vicente, 262 
Carroll, Thomas D.: rev., 93 
Cases, Congressman, and divorce, 53, 
5 5 - - 
Castillo: Philippine Economics, 277 
Castro, Juan Luna, 5, 12 
Castro, Victoria B.: Integration, 185 
Catholic Hierarchy and Huks, 215; 
and Voting, 288 
Catholic Mind through Fifty Years. 
Benjamin L. Masse. (J. J. Kava- 
nagh), 198 
Catholic Physicians' Guild, 240 
Catholic Schools and the State, 71 
Catholic Way,  The .  Theodore May- 
nard (Ralph B. Gehring), 292 
Catholic Welfare Organization and 
Divorce, 55 
Catholic Youth Organization, 63 
Cavanna y Manso, Jeshs: Rizal's Un-  
fading Glory, 75, 98 
Cervantes, Cenan S., 261 
Clhain Letter, Communist, 214 
Cheste~ton, G. K., 225, 271 
China, Communism in, 194, 2 15, 283 ; 
Christianity, 284; Trade, 157 
Chinese in Philippines, 94 
Chinese in Southeast Asia, T h e .  Vic- 
tor Purcell. (Thomas D. Carroll), 
93 
, - -  
christrnas,' 270 
Church Today,  The .  Emmanuel Car- 
dind Suhard. (Ralph B. Geh- 
ring), 200 
Churches in Filipino Art, 129 
Civil Libenties. 107 
Clifford, ~ a n i k l :  rev., 194, 284, 286 
Colina, Frmcisco, 32 
Columbia University, 175 
C a m m u n h  in China, 194, 284; and 
INDEX OF VOL. I 
Free Speech, 122 ; in Indonesia, 
281; The Philosophy of, 188; and 
Sidney H i l h m ,  193 
Communist Propaganda in the Philip- 
pines (1950-1953), 207 
C-unist Psychiatry, Psychological 
Warfare, 196 
Canant, James B.: Education and 
Liberty, 174 
Congress of Industrial Organizations, 
191 
~ o ~ ~ t u t i m  of the Philippines and 
U. S., 107 n.; of Philippines on 
Eduoatim, 184; of U. S. amd Free- 
dom, 117 
Conquest of the Philippines, 180 
Conversions in Japan, 272 
Costa, H. de la: The Legal Basis of 
Spanish Ilmperial Sovereignty, 155; 
in Catholic Mind, 199; rev., 180, 
280 
Craniotomy, 239 
Cranny, Titus: The Moral Obligation 
of Voting, 288 
Crisol, JosC M.: Communist Propa- 
ganda in the Philippines (1950- 
1953). 207 
~ r &  -E: ~ g u i l a r ,  163 
Cullum, Leo A.: The D i l h  Re- 
view. 163: The Distribution of 
priests, 169; The Historical Cancer, 
75; The Religion of the Y.M.C.A., 
249: The Right Thine for the 
wr&ng ~easany  71; ~ r G d  toward 
S h t y ,  274 
Culture and Traditiom of Philippines, 
184 
~aiii, 233 
Dasrnariiias. Governor. 181 
Demetillo, ~ecaredo,  163 
Democracy, Schools in Modern, 174 
D-nmann, Charles E.: m e  Manila 
Observatory Rises Again, 31 
Dewey, John, 274 
Diliman Review, Thc, 163 
Diploma Mills, 177 
Distri~bution of Priests, 169 
Divorce Legislation in the Philippines, 
42 
Doucebte. Bernard F.. 36 
Dousma,' Gerrit B., 262 
Dulles, John Foster, 274 
ECA, 215, 217 
Echevarris. Ramon: Effigies: Thirtv- 
- - . - . . - . . . . . 
Economy, ~ u r i ,  16, 277 
EDCOR. 215 
~dual ino,  E l i o :  Integration, 185 
Education or Chaos, JosC M. Her- 
aandez. (Walter F. Hyland), 176 
Education in a Divided World, 175 
Education and Liberty: Jaunes B. Co- 
nmt. (Frederick Fox), 174 
Education Principles in Philippines, 
183 -..
Effigies: Thirty-Seven Poems. Ra- 
mon Wevanria. (,Miguel A. Ber- 
nad). 79 
~ins te& m Morality and Science, 238 
Eliot, Poetry of T. S., 223 
~ncomienda ,  155 
English in the Philippines, 79; in 
Wlippiae Schools, 177; h hhilip- 
oine Shont Stories. 14 
~ k r i ~ u e z ,  Emigdio ~ l v a m z ,  6, 11 
Epistemology, 29 1 
Ethics in the Medical Curriculum, 
236 
Evangelical Union of the Philippines, 
255, 256 
Evening Mass in Japan, 273 
F d y  in the Philippines, The, 278 
Faura, Federico, 32 
Fear in School Swtem. 177 
Filipino ~r t i s i i c  ~xpression, 125 
Fire of St. Francis Xavier, The .  Ar- 
thur McGratty. (Arthur A. Weiss), 
90 
Fisher, Justice, on Divorce, 46 
Forster E. M. on T. S. Eliot, 226 
Foucauld, Charles de, 294 
Francis Xavier, St. James Brodrick. 
(Arthur A. Weiss), 90 
Free Speech, 107 
Freudian C r i t i c h ,  164 
Fuente, Victorino de la: n e  Place 
of Ethics in the M e d i d  Curricu- 
lum, 236 
Furay, H. B.: The Storiea of Nick 
Joaquim, 144 
Furrows and Arrows: Poetrv and 
Verse. Jorge Bocobo. ( a g u e 1  A. 
Bemad), 79 
Garcia. Gumemindo. 261 
Gayo kag6n,  Jes&: Ideas Iuridico- 
Teoldgicas de 10s Religiosos sobre 
la Conquista de l a  Islas, 180 
Gehring, Ralph B: rev., 200, 291, 292 
Cod's Underground in Asia. Gretta 
Palmer. (Dmiel Clifford), 282 
Gonzalez. N.V.M.. 280 
~overnm'enet m d  ~ o r a J i t ~ ,  120 
Hall, Theodore L., 261 
Harrison. Francis Bunton. on divorce. 
300 PHILIPPINE STUDIES 
Hassett, Joseph R.: T h e  Philosophy 
of Human Knowledge, 291 
Healy, G e d d  W.: The Modern Vo- 
ter and Moralilty, 13 1 ; rev., 288 
Healy, Martin J.: M y  W a y  of Life, 
292 
~ G n e s s e ~ ,  James J., 36 
Hernandez, Josh M.: Education or 
Chaos, 176; rev., 98 
Hierarchy, Catholic, and Voting, 288; 
and H&, 215 
Historical Cancer, The, 75 
History of Divorce Legislatim ,in the 
Philippines Since 1900, 42 
Hocson, Gabriel, 88 
Hogan, Walter B., rev., 189 
Holland, Willisam L. : Asian National- 
ism and the West, 280 
Hahnes, Oliver Wendell, 112, 274, 
286 
207 
Human Rights, U,nivenal Declaration 
of, 131 
Hun'ter, Edward: Brain-washing in 
Red China, 194 
Huxley, Julian, 237 
Hyland, Walter: rev., 176 
Ideas Juridico-Teoldgicas de 10s Re- 
ligiosos de Filipinas sobre la Con- 
quista de las Islas. Jesiis Gayo 
Alragh. (H. de la Costa), 180 
Ifugao Law, 97 
Igorots, 96, 127 
Imperative: An Agricultural Policy in 
the Philippines, 16 
Impressions of Japanese C;ubholici,ty, 
272 
'ndo-China and Nationalism, 282 
Industrid Peace, 192 
Institute of Pacific Relations, 280 
Integration as Practised in the Philip- 
pine Nonnal College. Viotoria B. 
Castro et d. (Nicholas A. Kun- 
kef), 185 
Intelleduals in China, 284; in the 
Qhurch. 201 -> - - 
Ionosphere Research, 38 
kidro, Antonio: Principles of Educa- 
tion Applied to the Philippines, 
183; Nationalism, 280 
Japanese Catholicity, Impressions of, 
272; destruction of Manila Obser- 
vatory, 33 ; Occupation and divorce, 
4 7  
~ a & r ,  Emilio M., 261 
Jehovah's Witnesses, 122 
Jesuits and R i d ' s  Conversiom, 98 
Joan of Arc, 85 
Joaquin, Nick., 144, 163 
Josephson, Matthew: Sidney Hillman 
Statesman of American Labor, 189 
Kalingas, The:  Their Institutions and 
Custom Law. R. F. Banton. 
(Frank Lynch), 96 
Kavanagh, Joseph J.: Laid in a 
Manger, 270; rev., 198 
Kintanar, Augustin Y., against di- 
vorce, 49 
Knights of Columbus, 64 
Kunkel, Nicholas A. rev., 185 
Labor, American, 189 
Laid in a Manger, 270 
Land and People in the Philippines. 
Joseph E. Spencer. (Thomas R. 
McHale), 277 
Languages in Philippine Schools, 1 7 7 
La Pira, Giorgio: The Philosophy of 
Communism, 188 
Las Casas, 157, 182 
Latin America's Priest Problem, 169 
Lava, Dr. Jesus, 221 
Ledesma, Juan M. H., 88 
Leetai, Antonio T.: rev., 88 
Legal Basis of Spanish Imperial Sov- 
ereignty, The, 155 
Leo XI11 and Free Speech, 120; Sa- 
cred Heart Jkcyclicals, 292 
Lewis, C. L., 73 
Liberal Protestantism, 252 
Liberbty and Education, 174 
Likc the Molave and Collected Poems. 
R. Z d u e a  d a  Costa. (Miguel A. 
Bernad), 79 
Liu Shaw-Tmg: Out of Red China, 
194 
Locsin, Teodoro, 5, 12 
Lopez, Salvador P., 80 
Lorenzana and Osias, 265 
Lucknow Conference, 280 
Luzzi, J., 169 
Lynch, Frank: rev.. 96 
Mac&aig on divorce, 45, 56 
Magpalaya, 21 1 
Magsaysay, Ramcm, 215, 216, 218 
Malava and Nationalism. 282 
~ a n i l a  Observatory  is& Again, The, 
31 
Manuel, Jose A. de: rev., 183 
Marriage Laws, Spaa&h, 43 
Martinez, Alvaro, 262 
Martinez, Josefa, and divorce, 56 
Mary, Devotion to, in Philippine 
Short Story, 11; in Joaquin's Fic- 
tion, 164, 167; W r  Devotion 
to, 99 
INDEX OF VOL. I 
Masons and SuhooIs, 180; and the 
Y.M.C.A., 261 
Masse, Benjamin L.: T h e  Catholic 
Mind Through Fifty Years, 198 
Manard.  Theodore: T h e  Catholic 
w a y ,  292 
McGrabty, Arthur: T h e  Fire of S t .  
Francis Xavier. 90 
McHale, Thorn& R. rev., 277 
Meany, James J. rev., 294 
Medical Curriculum, Ethics in, 236 
Medicine and Morality, 239 
Mercy-killing, 239 
Meteorologioal Service, 32 
Milton, 228 
Miracles of St. Francis Xavier, 91 
Miuions, Protestaat, 253 
Missionary Adaptation in Asia, 77; 
work and nationalism, 296 
Mitchell, Robent A.: T h e  Philosophy 
o f  Human Knowledge, 291 
Modem Voter and Morality, The, 131 
Moell, CarlJ.: T h e  Sacred Heart 
Encyclicals, 292 
Monan, J. Donald: T h e  Philosophy 
of  Human Knowledge, 291 
M~n~tesinos, Antonio de, 156 
Moraes, Frank: Report on Mao's 
China. 283 - .. 
Moral L w ,  274 
Moral Obligation of  Voting, The .  
Titus Cranny. (Gerald W. Healy), 
288 ---
Morality and Fiction, 12; and Science, 
236; and voting, 131 
Moros allowed divorce, 49, 53 
Moslem Missionary work of de Fou- 
cauId. 294 
Mott, john R., 256, 259 
Mountain Province Idols, 127: Peo- 
ples, 98 
Murray, John Coustney: The P d -  
Jem of Free Speech, 107 
Mutschmanm, H.: Shakespeare and 
Catholism, 186 
M y  W a y  of Life.  Walter O'Farrell, 
O.P. and MaTtin J. Healy, 292 
Nabmg, Juan, 262 
Nationalism, Asim, 280; and Mis- 
sianary Work, 296 
N&m, 280 
New Testament in Tagalog, 88 
Noli me Tangere, 99 
Nominal Catholics, 201 
Nonell, Jaime, 32 
Nun-Seotarian Policy of Y.M.C.A., 
257 
NO--secret is Safe. Mark Tmnien. 
(Daniel C~lifford) , 194 
Objeotive Tests, 177 
Observatory, The Mamila, 31 
O'Byrne, Francis M. : Impressions of 
Japanese Catholicity, 272 
O'Doherty Archbishop, and C.Y.O., 
64 
O'Farrell, Walter: M y  W a y  of Life, 
292 
Oppenheimer, DT. Robert, 238 
Oriental Christian Culture, 78 
Ortiz, Sixto, 261 
Osias, Camilo, 265; for divorce, 46 
Out of  Red China. Liu Shaw-Tung. 
(Daniel Clifford), 194 
Padilla, Sinforoso G., 262 
Palmer, Gretta: God's Underground 
in Asia, 283 
Panlasigui, Isidoro, 258, 262 
Parfan, Aurea: Integration, 185 
Parreate, Paul, 261 
Pastells, Pablo, 183 
Patronato, 160, 183 
Penal Code Revision, 275 
Pensionados, 275 
Perez, Asuncion, a d  divorce, 56 
Perez, Gilbert, 262 
Perfecto, Francisco A., Against di- 
vorce, 49 
Persecution in China, 283 
Pervigilium Veneris, 228 
Philippine Nationalism and the 
Schools, 280; Normal College, In- 
tegration in, 185; Short Stories- 
1952, 5;  War Damage Commission, 
34 
philippine Writing: An Anthology. 
Edilted bv T. D. Aacaoili. (Minuel . - 
A.  emi id), 278 - 
Philippines Free Press, 5 
Philosophy of  Communism, The .  
Giorgio La Pira et d. (Arthur 
A. Weiss), 188 
Philosophy of  Human Knowing, The .  
Tose~h D. Hassett et al. IRall~h . 
k. ~ e h r i n ~ ) ,  291 
Piiiana: Murio El Doctor Rizal Crb-  
tianamente?, 98 
Pius XI, Sacred Heant Encydicds, 
292 
Place of Ethia in rhe Medical Curri- 
culum, The, 236 
Poetry by Allusion, 223 
Political Theory of herioaul Consti- 
tution, 118 
Pameroy, 219 
Pound, Roscoe, 286 
Pragmatism of U. S. Counts, 110 
302 PHILIPPINE STUDIES 
Priests in Philippines, 171 
Principles of Education Applied to 
the Philippines. Antonio Isidro. 
(Jose A. de Manuel), 183 
Private Sohools, 174 
Problem of Free Speech, The, 107 
Progressive Education, 177 
Property and Its Metaphysical Found- 
ation, The Social Function of, 188 
Protestantisan, Liberal, 252; and the 
Y.M.C.A., 254 
Public Office, Nobility of, 133 
Public Schools, 174; in the Wilip- 
pines, 61 
Pulido, Josefina A.: Integration, 185 
Purcell, Victor: The Chinese in 
Southeast Asia, 93 
Psychiatry Abused by Communism, 
196 
Psychological Warfare of Communism, 
196 
Quadragesimo Anno, 191, 194 
Q u e m ,  Manuel L., 80 
Rada, Father, 182 
Relativism of U. S. Counts. 111 
Religion and the State, 71; of bhe 
Y.M.C.A., 249 
Report on Mao's China. Frank Mo- 
raes. (Damiel Clifford), 283 
Requerimiento, 159 
Rerum Nouarum, 194 
Reves. Deoaracias T.: Historv of Di- 
~ i z i l ' d  unfading Glory. JesGs Ca- 
vmna y Manso. (JosC M. Her- 
nandez), 75, 98 
Roxas, Manuel, amd divorce, 50 
Rural Economy, 16, 277 
Ryan, A'rchie Lowell, 257 
Sacred Heart Encyclicals of Popti Leo 
XIII and Pope Pius XI ,  The .  
Carl J. Moell. (Ralph B. Geh- 
ring), 292 
Salazaz, Domingo de, 155, 181 
Samonte, Ciongressman, amd divorce, 
54 
Sainchez, Alonso, 181 
Schafer, Emesto, 156 
Schetelig, Werner P., 261 
Schools in a Modem Democracy, 174 
Schun, W. L., 157 
Science m d  Morality, 236 
Screwtape Lctters, C. S. Lewis, 73 
Scriptural articles and Catholic Mind, 
199 
Seismology, 37 
Selga, Miguel, 31 
Separation of Church and State, 44 
Sex in Joaquin's Stories, 148; Not 
Suspect in Catholic Church, 168; 
in Philippine S h o ~ t  Stories, 8 
Shakespeare, 230, 232 
Shakespeare and Catholicism. H. 
Mutschmann and K. Wenteredorf. 
(Miguel A. Bernad), 186 
Sheen, Fulton J., 77; and laak of 
Priests, 172 
Short Stories, Philippine, 5, 278 
Sidney Hillman, Statesman of Amer- 
ican Labor. Matthew Tose~bon. 
(Walter B. Hogan), l8G * 
Sillimam Universi~ty, 163, 255, 261 
Social Funution of Pm~ertv. 188 
Sophia University ~ o k > o ,  273 
Sotto, Senator, and divorce, 56, 57 
Sovereignty, Spanish Imperial, 155 
Spanish Imperial Sovereignty, 155 
Spencer, Joseph E.: Land and People 
in the Philippines, 277 
Stein, Gertrude, 275 
Stories of Nick Joaquin, The, 144 
Straelen, Henry van: Through E a t -  
ern Eves. 77 
~tudents; communists and, 209 
Sugar Imdustry, 278 
Suhard, Emmanuel Cardinal: The 
Church Today, 200 
Summa Theologiae, 292 
Su'preme Court of U. S. and Free 
Speech, 108 
Suthedand, William Alexander, 275 
SyCip, Alfonso, 261 
Tagalog New Testament, 88 
Taruc, 2 16 
Temien, Mark: No Sacret is Safe, 
194 
Teodoro, Toribio, 261 
Therese, St., 287 
'Ilhomas Aquinas, St., 292 
Through Eastern Eyes. Henry van 
!3raeleol. (C. G. Arevalo), 77 
Tiempo, Edillbert K., 6, 10, 280 
Tienpo, Edith L., 280 
Titis, 21 1 
Tolentino and Divorce, 54 
Torres, Patricia S, 6, 9, 279 
Torres, Patricia, 6, 9, 279 
Trinidad, Jum:  Ang Bagong Tipan, 
RR 
~ r & i a n  und Isolde, 8 
Turner, Stamtan E., 261 
Tuvera, Kerimca Polotan, 6, 9, 279 
Unions, 189; Connmwists and, 209 
INDEX OF VOL. I 
Vera, Senator, agaimst divorce, 46 
Vitoria, Francisco, 181 
Viray, Manuel A., 223; Certain Ia- 
fluences in Filipino Writing, 280 
Vote, Obligation to, 138, 142 
Voter, Responsi~bility of, 136 
Voting and Morality, 131, 288 
Wagner's Triatm und Isolde, 229 
Warrior Saint, The.  R.V.C. Bodley. 
(James J. Memy), 294 
Waste Land, The.  T. S. Eliot, 5, 11 
Weather Bureau, 32 - Weiss, Arthur A.: rev., 90, 188 
Wentersdorf, K. : Shakespeare and 
Catholicism, 186 
Willmmn, George J.: Apostolate 
Ammg Men-Today, 59 
Wodehouse, 6, 227 
Women, Communists and, 209; in 
China, 284 
Wu, John C. H,: Beyond East and 
West .  286 
Yabes, ~Leopoldo Y., 5, 12, 163 
Yangco, Teodoro, 262 
Y.M.C,A. in the Philippimes, 254; 
Relieion of. 249 
zaval; silvid, 158 
Zobel y Ayala, Fernamdo: Filipino 
Artistic Emressim. 125 
Zulueta da  costa, R:: Like the Mo- 
lave and Collected Poems, 79 
