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الاختصاص وقبول الادعاء وفقاً لقانون التحكيم الاماراتي
No full textThis dissertation undertakes an in-depth examination of the grounds for challenging the jurisdiction of arbitral tribunals in commercial disputes under UAE law. It begins by exploring the distinction between challenges to the jurisdiction of the arbitral tribunal and challenges to the admissibility of referring a dispute to arbitration. A key focus of the study is to analyze each specific ground for challenging jurisdiction as outlined under Article 53.1 of the UAE Federal Arbitration Law. This includes a thorough evaluation of challenges related to the scope and validity of arbitration agreements and parties' competence and capacity to arbitrate disputes. The dissertation also assesses available remedies when a party denies the tribunal's jurisdiction over a dispute. It examines how UAE courts approach jurisdictional objections raised against arbitral awards and whether the principle of kompetenz-kompetenz is recognized. The study further analyzes how issues about an arbitration agreement's existence, applicability, and limits are determined under the legal framework administering international commercial arbitration in the UAE.
An important objective of the dissertation is to offer nuanced legal insights into navigating complex jurisdictional issues that commonly arise in arbitrations seated in the UAE. It aims to delineate challenges to an arbitral tribunal's jurisdiction from other objections related to referring disputes to arbitration. The study clarifies the grounds specified under Article 53.1 of the Federal Arbitration Law for challenging the award issued by the arbitral tribunal based on jurisdictional arguments. It evaluates each jurisdictional ground's practical applications and legal implications through analysis of relevant UAE court rulings and alignment with international arbitration standards and principles.
Overall, through a comprehensive examination of jurisdiction challenges under UAE law, the dissertation seeks to enhance understanding of arbitration jurisdiction within the complex legal landscape governing international commercial disputes in the United Arab Emirates. It aims to benefit legal practitioners, policymakers, and businesses by elucidating jurisdictional nuances that commonly underlie arbitration proceedings and awards in the UAE
A Comparative Analysis of Green Financing Strategies for achieving Net Zero Energy in UAE
No full textNet zero energy buildings (NZEBs) are a concept that is gaining more and more attention as a feasible way to lower building energy usage. As a growing nation, the United Arab Emirates (UAE) has established many policies and guidelines to coordinate the transition to zero energy by 2050. However, various studies conducted worldwide have classified the obstacles that stand in the way of achieving NZEB. This paper's backdrop examines several financial innovations and approaches to overcoming NZEBs' obstacles. In order to assess the viability of implementing these innovative techniques in the UAE, this research has selected three strategies—the Energy Performance Certificate (EPC), Property Assessed Clean Energy (PACE), and Green Bonds—that are used worldwide. The study uses two methods to paint a realistic image of the application in the United Arab Emirates. The first method is a literature review to combine ideas from various conceptual frameworks for each of the three tactics. From the perspective of members of the public and commercial sectors in the UAE, the second way involves using interviews to validate the three strategies' practicability. The literature review indicates that while they were very successful in the US and EU union, they also had a significant disadvantage. Furthermore, the analysis of the interviews revealed that the respondents had a strong desire to see the mechanisms implemented in UAE because they thought they held great promise for advancing sustainability and energy efficiency in the built environment. But overcoming obstacles like awareness, standardization, and regulations is necessary for success
Exploring the Impact of Explainable Artificial Intelligence on Decision-making in Healthcare
No full textAs artificial intelligence (AI) advances in healthcare, there is an increasing need to understand how AI-driven decision-making affects healthcare workers and patients. The development of explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) systems, which attempt to give visible and interpretable explanations for AI algorithms' judgements, is a vital part of AI in healthcare. This study investigates the influence of XAI on healthcare decision-making and its potential to improve trust, acceptance, and collaboration between AI systems and human decision-makers.
The study analyses the benefits and limitations of applying XAI in healthcare decision-making processes through an exhaustive analysis of current literature and empirical data. It investigates how XAI might increase AI algorithm transparency, allowing healthcare practitioners to better comprehend the reasoning behind AI-generated suggestions or forecasts. Furthermore, it investigates how XAI might help to enhance trust among healthcare professionals, patients, and other stakeholders, leading to better informed and collaborative decision-making processes.
The study also tackles possible barriers to XAI deployment in healthcare. The complexity of AI algorithms, the interpretability of XAI explanations, and the integration of XAI systems into conventional healthcare procedures are among the hurdles. Furthermore, ethical aspects like as privacy, security, and bias mitigation are studied to guarantee that XAI is used responsibly in healthcare decision-making.
The outcomes of this study lead to a better understanding of the influence of XAI on healthcare decision-making. This research seeks to give insights for policymakers, healthcare practitioners, and AI developers to support the responsible and successful integration of XAI into healthcare systems by shedding light on the benefits and issues connected with XAI. The ultimate objective is to use XAI to improve healthcare decision-making processes, improve patient outcomes, and allow the ethical and trustworthy deployment of AI in the healthcare sector
Using Nearpod to Promote Engagement in Online ESL Classes: A Mixed-Methods Study in the Context of Higher Education
No full textThis open access book presents contributions on a wide range of scientific areas originating from the BUiD Doctoral Research Conference (BDRC 2022)Student Response Systems such as Kahoot!, Socrative and Nearpod have become one of the latest trends in teaching and learning across higher education. However, despite the popularity of these platforms, the integration of SRS in teaching is still an evolving field of study. This mixed-methods study draws on undergraduate students’ perceptions of using Nearpod to facilitate teaching and learning in an online English course at a federal higher education institution in the UAE during pandemic teaching. A combination of self-report surveys (N = 90) and in-depth interviews (N = 5) were used to collect data for this study. Findings suggest that students perceived Nearpod to promote fun and enjoyment, enhance knowledge and understanding, and improve classroom dynamics. Results indicate a generally positive response, with 93.3% of students reporting that the instant feedback afforded by Nearpod improved their understanding, while 83.4% reported an increase in interactivity. This study confirms previous findings, suggesting that SRS such as Nearpod could foster effective student engagement, increase participation, and enhance students’ online learning experience. The study also found that there were no significant gender differences in students’ perceptions of Nearpod. Pedagogical implications are further discussed, and future research suggestions are provided
A Chatbot Intent Classifier for Supporting High School Students
No full textINTRODUCTION: An intent classification is a challenged task in Natural Language Processing (NLP) as we are asking
the machine to understand our language by categorizing the users’ requests. As a result, the intent classification plays an
essential role in having a chatbot conversation that understand students’ requests.
OBJECTIVES: In this study, we developed a novel chatbot called “HSchatbot” for predicting the intent classifications
from high school students’ enquiries. Evidently, students in high schools are the most concerned among all students about
their future; thus, in this stage they need an instant support in order to prepare them to take the right decision for their
career choice.
METHODS: The authors in this study used the Multinomial Naive-Bayes and Random Forest classifiers for predicting the
students’ enquiries, which in turn improved the performance of the classifiers by using the feature’s extractions.
RESULTS: The results show that the random forest classifier performed better than Multinomial Naive-Bayes since the
performance of this model is checked by using different metrics like accuracy, precision, recall and F1 score. Moreover, all
showed high accuracy scores exceeding 90% in all metrics. However, the accuracy of Multinomial Naive-Bayes classifier
performed much better when using CountVectorizers compared to using the TF-IDF.
CONCLUSION: In the future work, the results will be analysed and investigated in order to figure out the main factors
that affect the performance of Multinomial Naive-Bayes classifier, as well as evaluating the model with using a large
corpus of students’ questions and enquiries
ASSESSMENT OF OVERHEATING RISK IN FREE-RUNNING RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS IN PALESTINE UNDER FUTURE CLIMATE
No full textThis paper addresses the impact of climate change on residential buildings in Palestine, which recently
faced an increased risk of overheating. The study investigates the effect of the thermal properties of the
building envelope of a single detached house on increasing the building's resilience to climate change.
The overheating risk is evaluated using ASHRAE 55 standard under typical historical and future years
(2035, 2065, and 2090) based on RCP-4.5 and RCP-8.5 emission scenarios in three climate zones in
Palestine (2A,3A and 2B based on ASHRAE 169-2020). The simulation results reveal that the Medium
Energy Efficient Building (MEEB) is more effective in enhancing the thermal comfort of the building
compared to the Low Energy Efficient Building (LEEB). However, the risk of overheating increases in
future climates, particularly in vulnerable populations and specific locations in the hot, dry zones, such
as 2B. This necessitates the implementation of combined mitigation strategies, including both active and
passive cooling strategies, highlighting the importance of improving the building’s indoor environment
and envelope. The findings emphasize the need to incorporate the impact of climate change into building
design to ensure energy efficiency, thermal comfort and promote climate-resilient buildings
The effect of building height on thermal properties and comfort of a housing project in the hot arid climate of the UAE
No full textA city’s microclimate is greatly impacted by urbanization. The ratio of building
height to street width affects the thermal properties of urban canyons. This
characteristic is one of the main elements that control the thermal radiation
emitted and how much solar radiation is absorbed, causing the urban air
temperature to be much greater than in rural areas (urban heat island effect).
The main aim of this study is to examine the thermal effect of the variations in the
height of housing buildings on the urban layout and canyons in the hot arid climate
of the UAE. The study used a qualitative method based on ENVI-met software and
a case study of an existing housing project to investigate the current situation and
the future thermal conditions of proposed configurations. The study investigated
two groups of configurations with unified and diverse heights. The results of the
study found that the best case among the first group of configurations with unified
heights was U3, which had unified mass heights reaching 20 m height, the highest
H/W ratio, and the lowest sky view factor; it recorded 0.5°C reduction in the 2:
00 p.m. air temperature compared to the base case. The results also revealed that
in the case of diverse heights, it is better to locate the highest masses in the hot
wind direction. The D2, with highest masses of 20 m height that were located only
on the north and west sides of the area blocking the hot north-west prevailing
wind, recorded a reduction about 0.9°C compared to the base case. Moreover, in
the cases with lower air temperature, U3 and D2 recorded the best predicted
mean vote readings, especially in the daytime, when the air temperature is highest
Effects of the Project-Based Learning on the Academic Achievement of High School Students in Chemistry
No full textProject-based learning is a promising teaching method for integrated science education that has gained momentum in educational research and curriculum reform. Numerous empirical studies have claimed that project-based learning positively impacts student performance. Project-based learning is the best way to realize the UAE's vision because it equips students with the abilities—creativity, problem-solving, communication, and critical thinking the learners will need to succeed in their future careers. However, little research considers the effectiveness of PBL at the secondary level in teaching chemistry, especially in the UAE. This mixed-methods study sought to ascertain the effects of non-PBL teaching strategies and PBL aligned with the Next Generation Science Standards on the academic progress of sixty 11-grade high school chemistry students in an international school in Dubai. A three-dimensional pre-post assessment was used to measure the student's performance in chemistry class, followed by a semi-structured interview to explore the students' experience and perspective on PBL. The findings showed an improvement in the academic performance of the students taught in PBL treatment. The benefits were collaborative learning with the students, understanding the core ideas, motivation to learn chemistry, and critical thinking skills that gradually improved as the units progressed. This study discusses the challenges and promises of using PBL units to support student development. This article has three recommendations related to the essential success of project-based learning in schools: student support, teacher support, and curriculum design. This study provides new insights for educators in PBL when incorporating this approach to foster student development in academic performance
A Decentralised Public Key Infrastructure for X-Road
No full textX-Road is an open-source solution that acts as a data exchange
layer and enables secure data exchange between organisations. X Road serves as the backbone of digital infrastructure in the public
sector (e.g., enabling Estonia’s digital public services) and private
sector (e.g., enabling clients’ data exchange in the Japanese en ergy sector). An approach and architecture were recently proposed
for the X-Road data exchange systems to move from public key
infrastructure (PKI) with centralised certification authorities to de centralised PKI (DPKI). In this paper, we develop a proof of concept
for the designed DPKI-based architecture that leverages distributed
ledger-based identifiers and verifiable credentials to establish trust
between information systems using Hyperledger Indy and Hyper ledger Aries. We evaluate the proof of concept implementation
against the design and functional requirements. The results show
that the proposed system architecture is technically feasible and
satisfies the identified design goals and functional requirements. To
the best of our knowledge, this paper presents the first open-access
system prototype for an organisation’s identity management fol lowing self-sovereign identity principles. The presented proof of
concept proves that DPKI helps to address some of the scalability
issues of PKI, improve control over identity and mitigate replay
attacks and a single point of failure in the X-Road system
Courtyard’ design as a sustainable tool for classrooms’ lighting and thermal performance
No full textSustainable Architecture is capable of creating sustainable buildings with comfortable indoor spaces and less energy
consumption. Courtyards as passive design concept is a sustainable design tool since many ages. Proper courtyards’ ratios
integration in school buildings can help in improving the thermal comfort and lighting in the classrooms with less energy
consumption especially in the hot arid climates like UAE. This research used a qualitative methodology based on IESve software
to evaluate the effect of variation in the proportions of the school courtyards on the thermal performance and lighting of classrooms,
the models of the study were built according to Koch Nielsen assumption courtyards’ ratios for a school building as a case study.
The results of this research confirmed that the ratios of closed courtyards affect the thermal performance of the buildings based on
investigation rooms. The findings of this research showed that the 2X courtyards width to height ratio succeeded to reduce the inner
investigation room’s air temperature with about 4-6 °C compared to 3X and open X Courtyards’ cases. Additionally, the simulation
revealed that the investigation rooms in the open X and the 3X courtyards’ cases had the highest daylight and lux levels, which
was to be expected given that both cases featured fewer sheltered outside spaces with greater solar exposure than the 2X courtyard.
Finally, the 2X courtyard case had the best threshold glare level for the investigation room at roughly 212.48cd/m2, with significant
difference from the other cases. This study can help in designing sustainable schools