Oskar Bordeaux
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De l'entraînement à la scène : les arts martiaux dans les pratiques spectaculaires chinoises
No full textCurr Oncol Rep
No full textPURPOSE OF REVIEW: The growth modulation index (GMI) is defined as the ratio between the time to progression of a new line of treatment and the previous line. This ratio can be used to determine whether the new line of treatment brings a clinical benefit. It has been proposed as an outcome in trials evaluating non-cytotoxic drugs. Its interest lies in the intra-patient comparison. The terminology employed to refer to the GMI, as well as its definitions, are highly variable in the literature. Some uses of the GMI are arbitrary and not based on any scientific rationale. Our aim is to describe how the GMI is reported in the scientific literature. RECENT FINDINGS: We carried out a scoping review using PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and BASE (Bielefeld Academic Search Engine). The algorithm was composed of the terms "growth modulation index", "time to progression ratio" and "progression-free survival ratio". Documents in English, with full-text available, published up to 2023, were included. Among 227 included documents, 166 of which discussed GMI specifically. On these 166 documents, 76 reported on observational studies, 62 on interventional studies and 17 on methodological or statistical developments pertaining to the GMI. All were about oncology. Our review highlights significant variability in the reporting and use of the GMI. To address this, we propose standardized reporting guidelines. Additionally, we emphasize the need for methodological and statistical developments to improve the use of the GMI and to develop novel GMI-based trial designs
Access to hospital-based oral health care on Reunion Island
No full textL’île de la Réunion est un département français, située au sud de l’océan Indien avec une population de 871 200 habitants au 1er janvier 2021. En 2023, la densité de chirurgiens-dentistes est de 67 pour 100 000 habitants. Il existe en 2024 quatre sites hospitaliers à la Réunion répartie sur toute l’île. L’objectif de cette thèse d’exercice est d’évaluer l’accès aux soins bucco-dentaires en secteur hospitalier à l’île de la Réunion. Une étude épidémiologique qualitative a été réalisée dans le cadre de cette étude. Des entretiens semi-dirigés individuels, avec le personnel de santé des services d’odontologie ont été effectué à l’aide de deux guides d’entretiens. Les résultats ont mis en évidence un manque d’accès aux soins bucco-dentaire en secteur hospitalier à l’île de la Réunion. L’offre de soins est insuffisante. Il y a manque de moyens matériels et humains qui ne permet pas de répondre à la demande de soins de la population. Les entretiens ont également mis en évidence un mauvais état de santé général et bucco-dentaire des patients, associé à un manque de prévention chez la population en générale, et plus particulièrement chez les enfants et les femmes enceintes. Ces données pourront servir d’éléments de réflexions à la mise en place de dispositifs permettant d’améliorer l’offre de soin bucco-dentaire.Reunion Island is a French department in the south of the Indian Ocean, with a population of 871,200 on January1, 2021. In 2023, the density of dentists was 67 per 100,000 inhabitants. In 2024, there are four hospital sites on Reunion Island. The aim of this thesis is to evaluate access to oral health care in the hospital sector on Reunion Island. As part of this study, a qualitative epidemiological study was carried out. Semi-structured individual interviews were carried out with health-care staff in the odontology departments, using two interview guides. The results revealed a lack of access to oral health care in the hospital sector on Reunion Island. The supply of care is inadequate. There is a lack of material and human resources to meet the population's demand for care. The interviews also highlighted the poor general and oral health of patients, combined with a lack of prevention among the general population, and particularly among children and pregnant women. These data can be used as input for the implementation of measures to improve the provision of oral health care
Growth, Crises, and COVID‐19: Tracking Poverty Changes in Turkey From 2003 to 2021
No full textABSTRACTTurkey has experienced periods of high growth as well as important economic, political, and health crises over the last two decades. Based on two nationally representative surveys conducted yearly between 2003 and 2021, this study tracks changes in poverty indices and in the factors associated with poverty during this period. The results show a rapid decrease in poverty at the beginning of the period, followed by a slower reduction in poverty between 2008 and 2016. Poverty rates remained stable between 2016 and 2020. However, poverty decreased again in 2021 during the COVID‐19 pandemic, contrary to what happened in most countries. These results are robust to alternative choices in terms of poverty lines and measurement methods, although they may be affected by inflation measurement after 2020. While poverty remained higher in some parts of Anatolia throughout the period, some regions with initially high poverty rates (e.g., West Black Sea) showed a rapid decrease in poverty. Household size, education, and farming were important predictors of poverty in 2005, but their importance decreased as explanatory factors over the period. Overall, the results suggest that the important poverty reduction that occurred in the 2000s in Turkey slowed down in recent years, but that interventions aimed at mitigating the economic effects of the Covid‐19 pandemic may have mitigated its impacts on poverty outcomes.Program Initiative d’Excellenc
Étude comparative des matériaux et des colorants dans les manufactures royales de tapisserie (Gobelins, Beauvais et Aubusson)
No full textSubst Use Misuse
No full textOpioid Use Disorder (OUD) often provokes dramatic consequences in terms of increased morbi-mortality. Two medications have mainly been worldwide used for OUD (MOUD), buprenorphine and methadone. Recently, however, some reports have highlighted the use of Morphine Sulfate (MS) mainly obtained without a prescription but used as MOUD by opioid users and especially People Who Inject Substances (PWIS). We propose to characterize the prevalence and distribution of MOUD and MS use in PWIS. This study examines the use of MOUD and MS amongst French PWIS recruited in harm reduction facilities and drug consumption rooms in the context of the COSINUS (Cohort to assess structural and individual factors in drug use) study. MOUD are prescribed, respectively, to one-third and one-fifth of PWIS, whereas a half of them declared MS consumption without prescription. MS users live with higher precariousness and are younger than non-users. MS is associated with salt cocaine and heroin use. It is often consumed with methadone and more rarely with buprenorphine and we hypothesized that this is probably linked to buprenorphine's pharmacological antagonism. Our results show the high prevalence of MS consumption and highlight the importance of considering the highly restricted possibility of prescribing MS as MOUD. Its association with methadone raises the question of their synergistic action on craving and mental disorders. The profiles of opioid users who could benefit from MS with or without methadone must be examined to improve their care but with the utmost caution, given the risk of overdose
Heart Rhythm
No full textBACKGROUND: Cardioneuroablation (CNA) targets the ganglionated plexus (GP) to treat neurally mediated syncope, yet a standardized GP identification method is lacking. Postprocessing of cardiac computed tomography (CT) data identifies epicardial fat, thus allowing fat pad identification. Whereas the feasibility of CT-guided CNA is documented, data about GP anatomy and comprehensive evaluations of GP targeting methods remain scarce. OBJECTIVE: This study sought to describe GP anatomy using CT fat pad segmentation and to evaluate the accuracy of different approaches in locating these GPs. METHODS: The study included 26 CNA or atrial fibrillation ablation patients. GPs were identified through CT-based fat segmentation. CT-derived atrial meshes were merged with corresponding meshes from electroanatomic mapping. Spatial correlation was studied between atrial fractionated electrograms (FEGMs) and epicardial fat pads. Several target areas from the different ablation approaches (FEGM, anatomic, CT-based fat pad identification, and target line) were spatially compared. RESULTS: Correlation between epicardial fat pads and signal fragmentation was weak in the left atrium (ρ = 0.01 ± 0.13 [P = .73]; φ = -0.00 ± 0.10 [P = .94]) and even negative in the right atrium (ρ = 0.11 ± 0.09 [P < .001]; φ = -0.10 ± 0.08 [P < .001]). The FEGM approach was associated with a more extensive ablation area (3.74% vs 17.0% [P < .001] for the anatomic and the FEGM approach for the left atrium and 3.45% vs 9.53% [P < .001] for the anatomic and the FEGM approach for the right atrium). CONCLUSION: CT-based fat pad segmentation reveals significant interpatient variability in GP anatomy. GPs show low colocalization with signal fragmentation, causing inaccurate localization based on fragmentation alone. An anatomy-focused approach offers a more targeted ablation strategy