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A Study on the Relationship Between Internet Addiction, Perceived Parental Attitudes And Religiosity In University Students
No full text[Abstract not Available
Happiness in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Literature Review of Factors Influencing It
No full textThe paper examines the concept of happiness in children and adolescents, focusing on identifying the key factors that influence it. This study synthesizes findings from scientific research published in reputable journals between 2020 and 2024. A qualitative methodology was used, analyzing 42 articles from the Scopus database. Through inductive thematic analysis of the selected articles, several key factors shaping the concept of happiness in children and adolescents were identified. The coding process revealed themes that researchers commonly agree on, including culture, the varying definitions of happiness, and individual and social factors such as family influence, peer relationships, a safe environment, and the role of school. These factors collectively provide a clearer framework for understanding happiness in young people. The study offers insights that contribute to simplifying the measurement of happiness and enhancing future research in this domain, ultimately facilitating a more comprehensive approach to studying the well-being of children and adolescents. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved
Men's Responses to Anger Management Group Practices in Türkiye
No full textThis study examines the group's efficacy by focusing on 13 men's responses to an integrative treatment that incorporates cognitive-behavioral, feminist, the stages of change, and positive psychological approaches during an eight-week group intervention in T & uuml;rkiye. Researchers also evaluated the group's impact on members' anger management and the quality of their marital relationships. Data collected through detailed group session notes by the observer and interviews with the men before and after the program were analyzed using thematic analysis. The results revealed that building group cohesion and trust increased members' disclosures and engagement in group practices. The anger management program also helped them reduce their anger outbursts and express their feelings more appropriately. Finally, the participants stated that their empathy, emotion regulation, and problem-solving skills improved after the group sessions, improving their relationships with their wives and children.TUBITAK (Turkish Scientific and Technical Council) [121K732]The work was supported by the TUBITAK (Turkish Scientific and Technical Council) [121K732]
Oğuz Atay’ın Tutunamayanlar Romanının Jack Mezirow’un Dönüşümsel Öğrenme Kuramı Bağlamında İncelenmesi
No full textBu çalışmanın amacı hayat boyu öğrenme ve yetişkin eğitimi bağlamında Oğuz Atay’ın Tutunamayanlar romanı ile yetişkin eğitimi kapsamında yer alan Jack Mezirow’un dönüştürücü öğrenme kuramı arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemektir. Bu doğrultuda çalışma için nitel araştırma desenlerinden durum çalışması deseni tercih edilerek, literatür taraması yöntemi ile veriler toplanmıştır. Yapılan tarama ve incelemeler ile edebiyatın öğretici yönü üzerine durulmuş, Tutunamayanlar romanı dönüştürücü öğrenme ile irdelenerek eserde yer alan Turgut Özben karakterinin dönüşümü değerlendirilmiştir. Sonuç olarak Turgut Özben karakterinin roman boyunca yaşadığı değişimin, dönüşümsel öğrenme basamaklarına göre gerçekleştiği gözlenmiş ve bu da uzman görüşleriyle desteklenmiştir. Ayrıca, hayat boyu öğrenme ve edebiyat ilişkisi üzerine yeterli çalışma yapılmadığı gözlenmiş, makalenin de bu alana ışık tutması amaçlanmıştır
Dynamics of constitutional change in Germany and the Weimar Constitution (1919-1933)
No full textTez çalışmasının konusu 19. yüzyıl boyunca modern Alman toplumunu şekillendiren ve Avrupa'da "sosyal demokrasi" kavramının güçlenmesine katkı sağlayarak demokratikleşme sürecine yön veren, 1919-1933 yılları arasında varlığını sürdürmüş olan Weimar Cumhuriyeti'dir. Alman İmparatorluğu'nun dağılma sürecini, bu devletin tarihsel, ekonomik, sosyolojik ve siyasal açıdan yeniden inşa edilmesini ve demokrasiye geçiş sürecini ele alan bu çalışmada siyasi, ekonomik ve toplumsal dinamiklerinin bu süreç üzerindeki etkileri analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmada, Marksist sosyalizmin teorik çerçevesi ile şekillenen ancak liberalizmin kazanımlarını da içeren Weimar Anayasası'nın, nasyonal sosyalizmin yükselişine zemin hazırlamaksızın demokratik bir ulus-devlet modeli oluşturma potansiyeli değerlendirilmiş, anayasanın yapım süreci tarihsel, toplumsal, siyasal ve anayasal perspektiflerden ele alınmıştır. Weimar Anayasası, I. Dünya Savaşı'nın ardından ortaya çıkan siyasi ve toplumsal istikrarsızlıkların bir sonucu olarak, dönemin parti siyasetindeki güvensizliği yansıtan bir metin olarak şekillenmiştir. Anayasal düzen, parti temelli siyaseti dengelemeyi ve siyasi istikrarı sağlamayı amaçlamış olsa da yürütme erkini merkezileştirdiği ve demokratik mekanizmaları zayıflattığı için otoriter eğilimlere açık bir yapı haline gelmiştir. Bilindiği gibi demokratik sistemler, özgürlükçü kurumları ve geniş katılım imkânları nedeniyle siyasi ve ekonomik krizler, toplumsal kutuplaşmalar, eşitsizlikler ve yabancı müdahaleler karşısında kırılgan hale gelebilmektedir. Bu kırılganlık, demokrasilerin her zaman istikrar ve kalıcılığı garanti altına alamayacağını göstermektedir. Demokrasinin kırılganlığı, demokratik sistemlerin otoriter veya totaliter rejimlere kayma riskine açık olmasını ve bu sistemlerin dış veya iç baskılar karşısında zayıflayabileceğini göstermektedir. Weimar Cumhuriyeti örneği, demokratik sistemlerin kriz dönemlerinde ne kadar savunmasız olabileceğini ve güçlü kurumlar ile siyasi uzlaşı eksikliğinin demokrasiyi otoriter rejimlere açık hale getirebileceğini göstermektedir. Hukuk sisteminin, adalet sağlamaktan saparak siyasi, ekonomik veya kişisel çıkarlar doğrultusunda araçsallaştırılması, hukukun tarafsız ve bağımsız yapısını zayıflatmıştır. Yasalar iktidarın çıkarlarını korumak, muhalefeti bastırmak ve toplumu kontrol altında tutmak amacıyla manipüle edilmiştir. Hukukun bu şekilde işlevsizleşmesi, toplumdaki adalet duygusunu ve hukukun üstünlüğüne olan güveni sarsmış, bireylerin temel hak ve özgürlüklerini tehdit ederek hukuk devletinin ortadan kalkmasına neden olmuştur. Özellikle totaliter rejimlerde sıklıkla gözlemlenen bu durum, Weimar Cumhuriyeti bağlamında da demokrasinin kırılganlığını derinleştirmiştir. Weimar Anayasası, Alman toplumunun liberal ve demokratik haklarını güvence altına alarak, devletin yapısını ve temel haklarını düzenleyen önemli bir hukuki belge niteliğine sahipti. Weimar anayasacılık modeli, kriz koşulları altında şekillenmiş olup anayasanın karakterini doğrudan etkilemiştir. Parlamenter sistemin geleneksel yapısına duyulan güvensizlik, devlet başkanı yetkilerinin artırılmasına yol açmıştır. Anayasa yapıcıları, yürütme erkini güçlendirerek parlamenter sistemi daha işlevsel hale getirmeyi amaçlamış, ancak bu durum, devlet başkanının yetkilerinin aşırı genişlemesine neden olmuştur. Bunun yanı sıra anayasal denetim mekanizmalarının yetersizliği ve güçler ayrılığı ilkesinin zayıflığı, Weimar Cumhuriyeti'nin kırılgan yapısını ortaya koymuştur. Weimar Anayasası, sosyal hakların anayasal düzlemde tanınması, temel hak ve özgürlüklerin güvence altına alınması ve devletin demokratikleşme sürecini kurumsallaştırması bakımından önemli bir hukuki belge olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Weimar deneyimi, demokratik sistemlerin sürdürülebilirliği açısından güçlü kurumların ve siyasi uzlaşının hayati önem taşıdığını bir daha gözler önüne sermektedir.The subject of the study is the Weimar Republic, which was in force between 1919 and 1933, which shaped modern German society throughout the 19th century and guided the democratization process by contributing to the strengthening of the concept of "social democracy" in Europe. The study covers the dissolution process of the German Empire, the historical, economic, sociological and political reconstruction of this state and the transition to democracy. Additionally, the effects of the political, economic, cultural and social dynamics of the Weimar Republic on the democratization process in Germany in the period 1919-1933 were analyzed. In this study, the potential of the Weimar Constitution, which was shaped by the theoretical framework of Marxist socialism but also included the achievements of liberalism, to create a democratic nation-state model without paving the way for the rise of national socialism was evaluated. In this context, the constitution-making process was discussed from historical, social, political and constitutional perspectives. The Weimar Constitution was shaped as a text reflecting the insecurity in party politics of the period as a result of the political and social instabilities that emerged after World War I. Although the constitutional order aimed to balance party-based politics and ensure political stability, it has become a structure open to authoritarian tendencies because of its centralization of executive power and the weakening of democratic mechanisms. Democratic systems can become vulnerable to political and economic crises, social polarization, inequalities and foreign interventions because of their liberal institutions and broad participation opportunities. This fragility shows that democracies cannot always guarantee stability and permanence. The fragility of democracy means that democratic systems are vulnerable to the risk of slipping into authoritarian or totalitarian regimes and that these systems can weaken in the face of external or internal pressures. The example of the Weimar Republic shows how vulnerable democratic systems can be in times of crisis, and how a lack of strong institutions and political consensus can leave democracy vulnerable to authoritarian regimes. The instrumentalization of the legal system for political, economic or personal interests, rather than providing justice, has weakened the impartial and independent structure of the law. In this process, laws have been manipulated to protect the interests of the government, suppress dissent, and keep society under control. This dysfunction of the law has shaken the sense of justice in society and the trust in the rule of law, threatening the fundamental rights and freedoms of individuals and causing the disappearance of the rule of law. This situation, which is particularly frequently observed in totalitarian regimes, deepened the fragility of democracy in the context of the Weimar Republic. The Weimar Constitution was an important legal document that regulated the structure and fundamental rights of the state, ensuring the liberal and democratic rights of German society. The Weimar model of constitutionalism was shaped under conditions of crisis and directly influenced the character of the constitution. The lack of confidence in the traditional structure of the parliamentary system has led to an increase in the powers of the presidency. The constitutional framers aimed to make the parliamentary system more functional by strengthening the executive power, but this resulted in an excessive expansion of the powers of the president. In addition, the inadequacy of constitutional control mechanisms and the weakness of the principle of separation of powers revealed the fragile structure of the Weimar Republic. The Weimar Constitution is considered an important legal document in terms of the constitutional recognition of social rights, the guarantee of fundamental rights and freedoms, and the institutionalization of the democratization process of the state. The Weimar experience once again demonstrates the vital importance of strong institutions and political consensus for the sustainability of democratic systems
An explainable deep learning model for automated classification and localization of microrobots by functionality using ultrasound images
No full textThe rapid advancements of untethered microrobots offer exciting opportunities in fields such as targeted drug delivery and minimally invasive surgical procedures. However, several challenges remain, especially in achieving precise localization and classification of microrobots within living organisms using ultrasound (US) imaging. Current US-based detection algorithms often suffer from inaccurate visual feedback, causing positioning errors. This paper presents a novel explainable deep learning model for the localization and classification of eight different types of microrobots using US images. We introduce the Attention-Fused Bottleneck Module (AFBM), which enhances feature extraction and improves the performance of microrobot classification and localization tasks. Our model consistently outperforms baseline models such as YOLOR, YOLOv5-C3HB, YOLOv5-TBH, YOLOv5 m, and YOLOv7. The proposed model achieved mean Average Precision (mAP) of 0.861 and 0.909 at an IoU threshold of 0.95 which is 2% and 1.5% higher than the YOLOv5 m model in training and testing, respectively. Multi-thresh IoU analysis was performed at IoU thresholds of 0.6, 0.75, and 0.95, and demonstrated that the microrobot localization accuracy of our model is superior. A robustness analysis was performed based on high and low frequencies, gain, and speckle in our test data set, and our model demonstrated higher overall accuracy. UsingScore-CAM in our framework enhances interpretability, allowing for transparent insights into the model's decision-making process. Our work signifies a notable advancement in microrobot classification and detection, with potential applications in real-world scenarios using the newly available USMicroMagset dataset for benchmarking
Teaching mirrors through paintings: innovative science and art activities
No full textThe interaction of science and art in making sense of the functioning of nature has brought a rich interdisciplinary perspective to the science teaching process in recent years. Therefore, making connections between the learnings of science and art can make the learning process more qualified and more functional. Mirrors, a common topic in both science and art, illustrate this approach. While students often struggle with light and optics concepts, they frequently encounter mirrors in daily life. Mirrors have also significant roles in art history symbolizing self-reflection, vanity, illusion, and introspection. Understanding art requires scientific knowledge, highlighting the need for interdisciplinary learning. Sample research and activities are needed for such learning process. However, it is also known that existing activities about mirrors are limited. In the light of this information, the aim of this study is to present three STEAM activities on teaching the topic of mirrors through artistic paintings. The activities have details about both the paintings and flow of the teaching. These activities are intended to be a tailor-made resource for 7th grade science and visual arts teachers to utilize in their classes, as well as an example of how science and art can be connected in the STEAM process
Climate change impacts on Taxus baccata distribution and conservation
No full textThis study looks at the impact of climate change on the future distribution of Taxus baccata L., a species under threat. It examines how altitudinal changes may influence distribution, projecting scenarios to 2100 using the SSPs 585 SSPs 245 scenarios in 20-year intervals. The results show a contraction in distribution in areas such as in Iceland and the United Kingdom, with certain extreme points disappearing. Simultaneously, new suitable areas are expected to emerge in select regions of Asia. The study underscores the significant changes anticipated in the distribution of T. baccata due to global climate change. It suggests that the threshold for addressing climate change on this particular species has been exceeded, and emphasizes the need for concerted efforts to mitigate and adapt to climate change impacts on ecosystems and organisms. As climate change affects various aspects of life, the study advocates for sector-wide plans. These would include efficient resource utilization, selecting genotypes for afforestation of this species with lower water requirements, incorporating climate change predictions into management plans, conserving biological and genetic diversity, and developing in-situ and ex-situ conservation strategies. Anticipation of future climate changes and corresponding measures in response are crucial to minimizing the impact on this species. The study recommends establishing mixed forests composed of species resilient to a range of climate scenarios, thereby enhancing forest continuity across regions with varying degrees of climate impact. Genetic diversity is an important defense mechanism important to preserving it. Global climate change will result in significant alterations in the distribution of certain species, potentially causing population declines. Intervention is required to support the adaptation of vulnerable species, necessitating forward-looking strategies that anticipate shifts in their habitat suitability. This study emphasizes the implications of climate change for T. baccata and underscores the urgency of targeted conservation efforts to protect its populations and ensure long-term persistence
Boriding influence on cyclic oxidation of CrFeMnNbNi high entropy alloy
No full textBoriding is often used to improve the wear resistance of metals and alloys and successful results are obtained. Although boriding increases the wear resistance in HEAs, it is also important to know the oxidation behavior, especially for high temperature applications. In order to determine the cyclic oxidation behavior of boriding in HEAs, alloy CrFeMnNbNi was subjected to boriding in this study. In the CrFeMnNbNi alloy that was produced by arc melting, three phases were detected as FeNi, FeCr and Laves in the post-production analysis. With the pack boriding process, a boride zone of approximately 30-35 mu m thickness and a diffusion zone of 28-33 mu m consisting of different types of borides (MxBy) were obtained on the surface. Both HEA and borided-HEA were exposed to cyclic oxidation experiments up to 45 h at 900 degrees C. Mn, which has a high affinity to oxygen, caused the formation of oxides containing predominantly Mn. The presence of boride phases in the subsurface regions changed the formed oxide products. In the borided sample, oxide formations containing Mn-Fe-B were detected and showed rapid oxide growth. The oxide growth caused serious damage in some areas, weakening the oxidation resistance
Synthesis and Computational Evaluation of N-Acetyl-Derived Schiff Bases Incorporating 1,2,4-Triazoles for Dual Inhibition of Prostate Cancer Cells and Carbonic Anhydrases
No full textIn this study, we synthesized a series of novel N-acetyl Schiff bases (6a-e) containing 1,2,4-triazole moiety and evaluated their potential as anticancer agents through both experimental and computational approaches. Cytotoxicity assays on prostate cancer (PC) (DU145) and normal epithelial cells (PNT1a) demonstrated selective inhibition, particularly for compounds 6a, 6d, and 6e, with IC50 values of 73.25, 49.80, and 111.73 mu M, respectively, in DU145 cells. Notably, 6d exhibited a 10-fold selectivity toward cancer cells over normal cells. Enzyme inhibition studies demonstrated that compound 6d exhibited the most potent inhibitory activity against the carbonic anhydrase isoforms hCAI and hCAII, with the lowest recorded IC50 and K i values (7.12 and 9.26 mu M for hCAI, and 10.62 and 11.72 mu M for hCA II, respectively), suggesting strong potential for antiglaucoma therapeutic application. To elucidate molecular interactions, QM/MM molecular docking highlighted the strong affinity of compound 6d for the active sites of CYP17A1, hCAI, and hCAII enzymes. The coordination of functional groups with key residues, particularly the Zn2+ ion and HEM group, was confirmed by detailed binding analyses. Molecular dynamics simulations further validated the stability of these interactions over a 100 ns trajectory, with 6d maintaining robust engagement with the protein targets. This stability was reflected in consistent RMSD and RMSF profiles, with minimal fluctuations, particularly in CYP17A1 complexes, suggesting a stable binding conformation. The Markov State Model (MSM) analysis, integrated with TICA-FES and MM-GBSA calculations, revealed rapid conformational stabilization of 6d, especially in CYP17A1 complexes. The observed deeper energy wells in diffusion maps indicate stronger binding affinities and reduced conformational transitions compared to reference inhibitors, such as abiraterone and acetazolamide. These computational insights align with experimental findings, suggesting that 6d holds significant promise as a potent dual-target inhibitor with applications in prostate cancer therapy and glaucoma treatment.Sivas Cumhuriyet ?niversitesi [RGD-020]; Scientific Research Project Fund of Sivas Cumhuriyet University (CUBAP) [2018-FM-18]; Kafkas UniversityThe numerical calculations reported in this paper were partially performed at TUBITAK ULAKBIM, High Performance and Grid Computing Center (TRUBA resources). This work was supported by the Scientific Research Project Fund of Sivas Cumhuriyet University (CUBAP) under project number RGD-020 and Kafkas University for financial support under Project 2018-FM-18