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The effect of basalt stone cutting waste on the high-temperature performance of fly ash-based geopolymers
No full textIn this study, fly ash-based geopolymer mortars were produced with 0, 20, 40, and 60 wt% basalt stone cutting waste (BSCW) and thermally cured at 80 degrees C or 100 degrees C for 8 h and 24 h. Prismatic specimens were tested for flexural and compressive strength at 7 and 28 days. The 20 % BSCW mix cured at 100 degrees C for 24 h achieved the highest 28-day compressive strength (32.76 MPa), while the 60 % BSCW mix under the same regime reached the maximum flexural strength (12.76 MPa). Notably, the energy-efficient 100 degrees C-8 h cure yielded 31.67 MPa compressive and 11.55 MPa flexural strengths, within 3 % of the 24 h values. After exposure to 400, 600, and 800 degrees C, mortars with 60 % BSCW exhibited the least strength loss (<= 15 % at 800 degrees C), compared to up to 25 % loss in pure fly ash mortars. These findings underscore the potential of BSCW not merely as an inert filler but as a reactive precursor in geopolymer synthesis. Its combination with fly ash enhances high-temperature performance and supports the valorization of industrial waste in the development of sustainable binder systems
Recent Insights About Probiotics Related Pharmabiotics in Pharmacology: Prevention and Management of Diseases
No full textThe science of pharmacology investigates the effects of drugs on living organisms and vice versa. The frequency of side effects of some drugs used in traditional pharmacological treatment approaches and/or their inability to provide adequate treatment has led to the importance of new drug research and development (R&D) studies. Recently, due to the discovery that some diseases are associated with an imbalanced microbiota (dysbiosis), there has been a surge of interest in therapeutic approaches that can restore balance (biosis) to the microbiota. This review discusses the current status of the pharmabiotic potential of probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, paraprobiotics, postbiotics, metabiotics, next-generation probiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation; describes their pharmacological functions from gastrointestinal disorders to neurodegenerative diseases; and also discusses the developments in pharmaceutical applications of probiotics and their derivatives.No fundings to add [TSA-2023-16116]; Cukurova UniversityWe gratefully acknowledge Cukurova University (project TSA-2023-16116)
Tribological and Rheological Properties of Lentil and Chickpea Proteins
No full textProteins can be efficiently used in different food systems; particularly in gels due to their functionality. Proteins may decrease oral lubrication and enhance mouthfeel. Rheology and tribology are effective tools that have been used to analyze the oral behavior of proteins. Chickpea and lentil proteins were investigated regarding their rheological and tribological properties to provide a more in-depth understanding of their effects on the sensory characteristics of food. For this purpose, protein isolates with 83 - 90% protein content were prepared from chickpeas and green, yellow, and red lentils. The net surface charge of the isolates varied between similar to 32.8 and similar to-41.6 mV as a function of pH (3.0-9.0). The protein solutions were exposed to stress with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-PDMS tribopairs with shear rates of 2, 5, 10, 20, and 30 Hz (range 0.6-20 mm/sec) and 1, 2, 5, 7 and 10 N values as load. No significant difference was observed in the friction coefficient of protein samples at different load values. On the other hand, the friction coefficient decreased with increasing speed. Red lentil and green lentil proteins exhibited a different trend compared to those of chickpea and yellow lentil proteins at higher speed measurements. In addition, mass (bulk) and interface dilatational (air/water/oil) rheology and surface tension values were investigated. Although the differences in viscosity values were mostly insignificant over the analyzed shear range, the chickpea protein showed relatively higher viscosity (1.6 mPa.s) compared to the other samples (1.4 mPa.s) at a shear rate of 4 s-1. In terms of oil/water interface viscoelasticity, red lentil protein displayed the fastest crossover (3 h), followed by chickpea protein (4 h) whereas green lentil protein and yellow lentil protein exhibited a crossover only after 8 h. Moreover, the red lentil protein formed a stronger interfacial viscoelastic network and showed higher resistance to shear stress compared to the other samples; indicating better functional properties. Based on the functional properties assessed in this study, chickpea protein exhibits strong potential for use in alternative meat/emulsion/gel-based systems, due to its relatively higher viscosity and effective lubrication performance, which can enhance the mouthfeel and structural integrity. On the other hand, red lentil protein can be suggested as a natural emulsifier due to its rapid and robust interfacial network formation.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUBITAK); Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit of Istanbul Technical University (ITU BAP) [43211]Open access funding provided by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUBITAK). This work was supported by the Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit of Istanbul Technical University (ITU BAP, Project ID: 43211)
Examination of trauma levels and earthquake stress coping strategies of university students who exercise and do not exercise after an earthquake
No full textBackground Earthquakes are calamities of devastating nature that induce longterm post traumatic stress on affected victims. As such, they are recognized worldwide as being huge sources of stress. In this research study, the first objective is to assess the level of trauma and earthquake stress of university students who exercise and those who do not. Methods This study utilized the descriptive survey research method. The sample comprised 378 male and 300 female students who experienced the socially detrimental 7.7 Mw and 7.6 Mw earthquakes in Turkey on February 6, 2023. The data were both face-to-face and via computer-administered questionnaire with the tools of Post-Earthquake Trauma Level Scale and Earthquake Stress Coping Strategies Scale. After checking for normality, the parametric tests were used, the t-test to compare two groups of data, and ANOVA for three or more groups of data. Furthermore, Pearson correlation analyses were performed to compare the interactions between students who exercise and those who do not. Results The study found that gender affected trauma levels, with female students (X = 73.483) exhibiting significantly higher trauma levels than male students (X = 68.799) (p < 0.001). Students who engaged in regular physical activity (X = 67.71) were found to have lower trauma levels compared to those who did not exercise (X = 71.97). Participants who feared being caught by the earthquake at home or school (X = 73.32), experienced the loss of someone close (X = 88.10) or believed that adequate precautions against the earthquake had not been taken (X = 71.73) had higher trauma scores. According to the results of the ANOVA test, students from the Departments of Sports Sciences (X = 69.78) and Religious Studies (X = 69.63) were observed to have lower trauma levels. Pearson correlation analysis showed a positive and moderate relationship between trauma levels and earthquake stress coping strategies among students who engaged in regular physical activity (r = .176, p < 0.01). Conclusions The research identified that factors such as gender, regular exercise, the experience of losing a loved one, and the perception that insufficient precautions were taken all significantly influence trauma levels. Moreover, the findings highlighted that regular physical exercise serves as an effective strategy for managing and coping with trauma
Parents' perspective on unplanned return visits to the pediatric emergency department: A cross-sectional study
No full textBackground: The aim of this study was to investigate the factors leading to more than one time visit to the pediatric emergency department within 72 h, parental wishes and experiences with emergency nurses from the parents' perspective. Material and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between April 15, 2023 and April 14, 2024 with 596 parents of children aged between 0 and 18 years who had return visits to the pediatric emergency department of a gynaecology and pediatrics hospital in the Western Black Sea Region of T & uuml;rkiye within 72 h after the first visit. Following the acquisition of written informed consent from the parents, the data were collected using the Descriptive Characteristics of Children and Experiences of Parents Information Form. Results: From the perspective of the parents, the most common reasons for an unplanned return visit to the pediatric emergency department were that the child's health had deteriorated (24.1%), the child required further tests (23.8%), and the child had developed a different health condition (18.7%). During the first visit to the pediatric emergency department, parents most frequently wished to be allowed to be with the child (24.2%), to touch the child during the procedures (20.5%), to receive up-to-date information about the child's condition (20.2%). Conclusions: In line with these results, it is thought that the frequency of unplanned return visits to pediatric emergency departments can be reduced by implementing adequate, accurate and effective planned discharge training in pediatric emergency departments. Pediatric emergency nurses can benefit from the perspectives of parents in their professional practices to improve the quality of care and reduce the number of unplanned return visits to the emergency department
Improvement of Wear Resistance and Mechanical Properties of Cu-Ni Alloy by Low Temperature Aluminizing
No full textThis study is dedicated to improving the wear resistance of Monel 400 superalloy, which has superior properties in terms of corrosion and oxidation resistance. Pack aluminizing was applied to Monel 400 alloy for 2, 4 hours duration and temperatures of 600 degrees C, 650 degrees C, 700 degrees C. XRD and SEM analyses revealed the presence of phase components such as Ni2Al3 and Ni3Al. While Ni2Al3 is more prevalent in the upper parts of the coating, Ni3Al phases are more dominant in the inner region due to the low Al content around the interface. Although all experiments were carried out without a protective environmental condition, only trace amounts of the oxide phase were detected on the surfaces of the alloy. In nanoindentation and microhardness tests, up to 6 times more hardness was achieved on the surface. The increase in hardness and elastic modulus improved the wear resistance of Monel 400, regardless of aluminizing temperature and time. In contrast to the very low friction resistance seen in the wear tests of Monel 400, the coatings gave much lower volume losses. Although the mechanical properties of the coatings are important parameters, it was observed that the coating thickness and structure were more effective in wear resistance.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUBITAK)Open access funding provided by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUBITAK)
Cytotoxic activity against neuroblastoma and mouse fibroblast cell lines, in silico molecular modeling studies and enzyme activity of axial silicon, both peripheral and non-peripheral zinc phthalocyanines
No full textThe cytotoxic effects of axial disubstituted silicon phthalocyanine (SiPc) and both peripheral and non-peripheral substituted zinc phthalocyanines (ZnPcp/np) were evaluated on neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) and mouse fibroblast (NIH-3T3) cell lines utilizing the MTT assay. All evaluated drugs had a pronounced cytotoxic impact on SH-SY5Y cells, with IC50 values much lower than those observed in NIH-3T3 cells, which displayed the highest IC50 values. These results imply that produced phthalocyanines (SiPc, ZnPcp/np) may be effective, specific, and promising therapeutic candidates for the treatment of neuroblastoma. In addition, the activities of these compounds (SiPc, ZnPcp/np) on alpha-glucosidase and hCA I and II isozymes, which were developed as inhibitors in the treatment of diseases such as diabetes, cancer, glaucoma, obesity, and epilepsy, were also determined. The results obtained proved that these compounds (SiPc, ZnPcp/np) were more potent alpha-glucosidase inhibitors than Acarbose (IC50: 4.58 mu M), which was used as a positive control. Molecular docking calculations of dinitrile derivatives (CNp/np), which are precursor molecules for phthalocyanines, and metal complexes (SiPc, ZnPcp/np) were performed on a series of proteins, including hCA I enzyme protein (PDB ID: 2CAB), hCA II enzyme protein (PDB ID: 3DC3), alpha-Gly enzyme protein (PDB ID: 1UAS), and SH-SY5Y cell protein (PDB ID: 3PBL, 7CKZ, and 7LQZ).Office of Scientific Research Projects of Karadeniz Technical University [FDK-2021-9351]This work was supported by Office of Scientific Research Projects of Karadeniz Technical University. Project number: FDK-2021-9351
From Home to School: How Family and Location Shape Academic Outcomes
No full textThis study investigates the impact of family background and school location on students’ academic achievement in Lagos, Nigeria, a city characterized by significant socio-economic disparities. Education plays a pivotal role in shaping individual and societal futures, making it crucial to understand the factors influencing academic performance. The research examines how different family structures (intact vs. separated, monogamous vs. polygamous) and school locations (urban vs. rural) affect students’ academic outcomes. Employing a descriptive survey design, the study surveyed 120 senior secondary school students from Yaba Local Government Area, Lagos, with equal representation from urban and rural schools. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire and students’ Junior Secondary Certificate Examination results. The analysis utilized t-tests to compare academic performance across different family backgrounds and school locations .Findings reveal that students from intact and monogamous families outperform those from separated and polygamous backgrounds. Addition-ally, students in urban areas achieve higher academic results than their rural peers, reflecting disparities in resources and infrastructure. These results underscore the need for educational policies that address both family-related and location-based disparities. Recommendations include enhancing family engagement in education, improving educational resources in rural areas, and implementing targeted support systems for disadvantaged students. This research aims to inform policy and practice, contributing to a more equitable educational system in Lagos. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved
İngilizce Ders Kitaplarında Bilimi Açığa Çıkarmak: Bilimsel Okuryazarlık Üzerine Eleştirel Bir İnceleme
No full textScience is advancing at a rapid pace, and the ability to understand it has become a universal necessity. Countries aim to cultivate individuals who comprehend the nature of science, keep up with scientific advancements, and can generate solutions for local and global challenges. Enhancing scientific literacy is generally perceived as one of the primary goals of science education. However, relying solely on science courses to impart this knowledge is not a rational approach. English courses are among the subjects that can contribute to enhancing students' scientific literacy. This is because English lessons require presenting content to students using contemporary language teaching approaches in a meaningful and specific context. One of the most important tools for providing this content is coursebooks. This research investigated the extent to which English coursebooks contribute to scientific literacy through an interdisciplinary perspective. In this study, coursebooks used in fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth-grade levels at state schools affiliated with the Ministry of National Education were analyzed. As a result of the research, it was revealed that all the examined coursebooks contained activities aimed at increasing scientific literacy. It was concluded that as the learning level increased, components of scientific literacy were more integrated into the coursebooks. In terms of the dimensions of scientific literacy, the scientific process dimension was the most represented in coursebooks with 65 activities. In light of these findings, it was evident that English coursebooks have potential to contribute to the development of scientific literacy.Bilim hızlı bir şekilde ilerlemekte ve bilimi anlama yeteneği evrensel bir gereklilik haline gelmektedir. Ülkeler, bilimin doğasını kavrayan, bilimsel gelişmeleri takip eden ve yerel ve küresel sorunlara çözüm üretebilen bireyler yetiştirmeyi hedeflemektedir. Bilimsel okuryazarlığı artırmak, genellikle fen eğitiminin temel hedeflerinden biri olarak kabul edilir. Ancak, bu bilgiyi sadece fen derslerine dayandırmak mantıklı bir yaklaşım değildir. İngilizce dersleri, öğrencilerin bilimsel okuryazarlıklarını artırmaya katkıda bulunabilecek dersler arasındadır. Bu, İngilizce derslerinin öğrencilere anlamlı ve belirli bir bağlamda çağdaş dil öğretimi yaklaşımları kullanarak içerik sunmayı gerektirmesinden kaynaklanmaktadır. İçeriği sunmak için en önemli araçlardan biri ders kitaplarıdır. Bu araştırma, İngilizce ders kitaplarının disiplinler arası bir perspektif ile bilimsel okuryazarlığa ne ölçüde katkı sağladığını incelemiştir. Bu çalışmada, Millî Eğitim Bakanlığına bağlı devlet okullarında beşinci, altıncı, yedinci ve sekizinci sınıf seviyelerinde kullanılan ders kitapları analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmanın sonucunda, incelenen tüm ders kitaplarında bilimsel okuryazarlığı artırmaya yönelik etkinliklerin bulunduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. Öğretim seviyesi arttıkça, bilimsel okur yazarlık bileşenlerinin ders kitaplarına daha fazla entegre edildiği sonucuna varılmıştır. Bilimsel okuryazarlık boyutları açısından bakıldığında, bilimsel süreç boyutunun 65 etkinlik ile ders kitaplarında en fazla temsil edilen boyut olduğu görülmüştür. Bu bulgular ışığında, İngilizce ders kitaplarının bilimsel okuryazarlığın geliştirilmesine katkıda bulunma potansiyeline sahip olduğu söylenebilir
The Effect of Health Fatalism and Health-Seeking Behaviors on the Frequency of Non-Medication Coping Strategy Use in Women with Urinary Incontinence in Turkiye
No full textIntroduction and Hypothesis Health-seeking behavior is habitual among people in a society, resulting from the interaction and balance between health needs, health resources, and socioeconomic factors. This study seeks to investigate the influence of health fatalism and health-seeking behaviors on the frequency of non-medication coping strategy use among women with urinary incontinence in Turkiye. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted between 8 August 2024, and 22 September 2024. A total of 354 women voluntarily participated in the study, which was disseminated via social media platforms and online forums. Data collection involved the use of a Personal Information Form, the Health Fatalism Scale (HFS), the Health-Seeking Behaviour Scale (HSBS), and the Non-Medication Coping Strategies for Urinary Incontinence Frequency of Use Scale (NMCS-UIFUS). Results The mean total HFS score was 50.39 +/- 29.70, the mean total HSBS score was 38.76 +/- 20.48, and the mean NMCS-UIFUS score was 35.69 +/- 17.31. A statistically significant, strong negative correlation was found between health fatalism and health-seeking behavior, whereas a significant, strong positive correlation was observed between health fatalism and the frequency of non-medication coping strategy use for urinary incontinence (p < 0.001). Regression analysis revealed that health fatalism explained 37% of the variance in the frequency of non-medication coping strategy use for urinary incontinence, whereas health-seeking behavior accounted for 30% of the variance (p < 0.001). Conclusions Our study demonstrated that women with urinary incontinence exhibit moderate levels of health fatalism, health-seeking behaviors, and the frequency of non-medication coping strategy use; further, as health fatalism increases, health-seeking behavior decreases, whereas the frequency of non-medication coping strategy use rises