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Lived Experiences of Protection Orders among Women Survivors of Domestic Violence
No full textThis study examines women's experiences with domestic violence and receiving a protection order based on fourteen semi-structured interviews with women survivors in Turkiye. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 14 women survivors who obtained protection orders in Turkiye. Interpretive phenomenological analysis was used. The phenomenological analysis revealed two major themes: (a) silence with being blamed and (b) the process of protection orders. While women were able to identify the reasons for violence, such as their partners' anger and tolerance of violence, they mostly only used the protection order when the level of violence and abuse was unbearable and life-threatening. We discuss how women can protect themselves before their lives become threatening. This study suggests that policymakers and human services should consider protecting women survivors' well-being both during and after receiving protection orders.TUBITAK (Turkish Scientific and Technical Council) [121K732]This empirical research was a part of the project of The Implementation of Healthy and Respectful Relationship Program was funded by TUBITAK (Turkish Scientific and Technical Council) between 2021 and 2023. The award number was 121K732
Industry 4.0 maturity assessment in manufacturing enterprises: a mixed-methods approach for SMEs
No full textPurposeThis study aims to evaluate the adequacy of existing I4.0 maturity models in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) located in an under-industrialized region and comprehensively assess the extent to which these scales reflect the specific conditions of SMEs using a mixed-methods approach.Design/methodology/approachThis study involved a two-step process using both quantitative and qualitative methods. Initially, we applied the nine-dimensional I4.0 maturity evaluation model developed by Schumacher, Erol, and Sihn (2016) to 21 manufacturing enterprises in the developing Bartin Organized Industrial Zone in T & uuml;rkiye to determine their I4.0 maturity levels. Subsequently, thematic analysis of semi-structured interview data from these enterprises was conducted using MaxQDA, aligning themes with scale dimensions. This revealed variances and alignments in maturity scores across dimensions.FindingsIt was observed that the participants gave more appropriate answers to the content and scope of the relevant dimension in the dimensions where they got high scores. In addition to the participants' focus on technology for I4.0, it was observed that they perceived this process only in terms of production and operational efficiency increase, and their expectations for organizational structures or enterprise processes were limited.Originality/valueThis study addresses the gap in the literature regarding the applicability of existing quantitative I4.0 maturity models to SMEs in under-industrialized regions. By combining quantitative and qualitative methods, this research highlights the need for qualitative research alongside quantitative methods in measuring the I4.0 maturity of SMEs. This novel approach demonstrates how qualitative methods can enrich the understanding of I4.0 perceptions, overcoming the limitations of standardized scales.Bartimath;n University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit [2022-SOS-IHP-001]This study has been supported by Bart & imath;n University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit under grant number 2022-SOS-IHP-001
Using Trees to Monitor Airborne Cr Pollution: Effects of Compass Direction and Woody Species on Cr Uptake during Phytoremediation
No full textAmong the heavy metals (HMs) whose concentrations in natural environments have risen considerably in the last era, chromium (Cr) is one of the most toxic. Because of the risks it poses to human and environmental health, it is of great importance to screen the variation in Cr contamination in the atmosphere and decrease the pollution. This study aimed to determine the proper tree species that can be used to monitor and reduce Cr contamination. For this aim, studies were conducted on Tilia tomentosa, Robinia pseudoacacia, Cedrus atlantica, Pseudotsuga menziesii, and Fraxinus excelsior species growing in D & uuml;zce, which is among the 5 most contaminated European towns according to the World Air Pollution report. Samples taken from these trees were examined, and changes in Cr concentration depending on species, organs, compass direction, and age range in the last 60 years were evaluated. Results indicated higher Cr pollution in recent years, consistent with higher traffic density, but that there was no consistent effect of compass direction. It was also determined that the tree species most appropriate for screening the variation in Cr contamination in the airborne were Tilia tomentosa, and the most appropriate species for decreasing pollution were Robinia pseudoacacia and Cedrus atlantica
Effect of Pore Size of Activated Carbons Produced from Different Wood Waste on the Leakage of Phase Change Material-based Composites
No full textA shape-stabilized lauric acid-activated carbon composite was prepared using a one-step impregnation method. Activated carbon (AC) was produced from different wood waste (Scots pine (Pi) and poplar (Pop)), and lauric acid (LA) was used as a phase change material (PCM) for thermal energy storage. Wood waste from Scots pine and poplar was activated with phosphoric acid (A) and zinc chloride (S) at 600 degrees C for 90 min to produce AC. The AC was examined by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis, and the properties of the LA/AC composites were investigated by Fourier transformation infrared spectroscope (FTIR), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), scanning electronic microscope (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermal gravimetric analysis (TG), and thermal conductivity. The BET surface area of the produced AC was 1050, 1130, 625 m(2)/g, and 746 m(2)/g for PiA, PiS, PopA, PopS, respectively. The porous structure of AC reduced the leaching of LA during phase change. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) results showed a latent heat capacity of 29 J/g and a melting temperature of 48.9 degrees C for the LA/AC composite. The DSC results indicated that the composites exhibited the same phase change characteristics as those of the LA and their latent heats decreased. The TG results indicated that the AC could improve the thermal stability of the composites. Thermal conductivity decreased by 7.48% in PiA-PCM samples but increased by 6.86% in the PopS-PCM by AC
Intra-Annual Course of Canopy Parameters and Phenological Patterns for a Mixed and Diverse Deciduous Forest Ecosystem Along the Altitudinal Gradients Within a Dam Reservoir Landscape
No full textWithin a dam reservoir landscape in the Western Black Sea Region of T & uuml;rkiye, a dense young-mature stand composed diversely of oriental beeches, European hornbeams, sessile oaks, and silver lindens was chosen as a study field to analyze canopy parameters and to determine phenological patterns along the altitudinal gradients. Referring to the air-soil temperature and precipitation data, intra-annual eco-physiological characteristics of that stand tree canopies, were aimed to be determined regarding those altitudinal gradients. For each of the 10 altitudinal gradients, the mixed deciduous stand canopy physiological characteristics were analyzed by hemispherical photographing. Canopy parameters were acquired from those digital hemispherical photographs, which were confirmed with secondary LAI data from the LAI-2200C. Leaf Area Index, Light Transmission, Canopy Openness, and Gap Fraction were obtained during a total of 21 study field visits throughout the monitoring year. Beginning from a theoretical leafless stage with 0.51 m2 m-2, average LAI increased to 0.89 m2 m-2 during budburst stage, and then gradually up to 3.60 m2 m-2 during climax leaf period, and then to 1.38 m2 m-2 during senescence period, and gradually down to 0.50 m2 m-2 during the next theoretical leafless stage. However, average LT (64%, 61%, 9%, 36%, 74%), CO (65%, 62%, 9%, 37%, 75%), and GF (18%, 14%, 1%, 8%, 14%) followed opposite patterns. Though no apparent trend was valid for those canopy parameters from the lowest to the highest altitudinal gradient, their obvious intra-annual patterns emerged as compatible with the annual air-soil temperature data course
Evaluating the effects of chlorhexidine and vitamin c mouthwash on oral health in non-surgical periodontal therapy: a randomized controlled clinical trial
No full textChlorhexidine (CHX) is the most commonly used mouthwash with proven antiplaque and antibacterial activity. The aim is to evaluate the effect of vitamin C (VitC) in CHX mouthwash on plaque accumulation and gingivitis, and to compare it with CHX alone mouthwash and antiseptic phenol-containing mouthwashes. This study conducted as a multicenter, randomized, controlled, double-blind, parallel design clinical study. Sixty patients were included, randomly divided into three groups. 1. Antiseptic phenol agent (P, Phenol), 2. Antiseptic bisbiguanide agent CHX-only (CHX) and 3. Antiseptic bisbiguanide agent CHX + VitC mouthwash (CHX + VitC). The study assessed oral hygiene and periodontal health status, followed by scaling and root planning (SRP) and subsequent polishing. After using the mouthwash for 60 s twice daily along 14 days, patients recalled for evaluation of plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), bleeding on probing (BOP) and staining. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare the differences formed between groups and Tukey multiple comparison analysis was used to determine groups that showed the differences. Statistical significance was determined using a p-value threshold of 0.05. There were no significant differences between the groups regarding baseline PI, GI and BOP (p > 0.05). Changes at 14th day in PI, GI and BOP in all groups were similar and no significant differences were observed (p > 0.05). Regarding 'all surfaces', staining density of two mouthwashes containing CHX was significantly higher than that of P mouthwash. CHX, CHX + VitC, and P mouthwashes appeared to exhibit comparable effects as oral hygiene adjuncts to periodontal mechanical treatment, with the exception of staining, which was more noticeable in the CHX groups compared to the P group. Adding vitamin C did not enhance the effects of CHx alone.Ordu University, scientific research project [AR- 1414]This study was funded by Ordu University, scientific research project. Project No: AR- 1414. AE worked on the drafting the article, data collection, and interpretation of data. SCI worked on interpretation of data, drafting the article. CG worked on conception and design of the study and approval of the version to be published. MT and HS worked on Data collection. GA worked on data analysis. SAS worked on data collection. NO worked on interpretation of data, conception and design of the study, analysis, and approval of the version to be published. All authors declare that they have no conflict of interests
Performance investigation of non-imaging-concentrating photovoltaic thermal systems with metal oxide and ceramic-based nanofluids: numerical study and genetic algorithm-based multi-objective optimization
No full textThis research originally analyzes the integrated impact of nanofluids and low-concentrating collectors in concentrating photovoltaic thermal (CPVT) systems, employing genetic algorithm optimization to achieve efficiency gains and cost reductions. The study addresses the problem of efficiency loss due to PV overheating and limited exploration of nanofluid-non-imaging concentrator integration. In particular, attention is given to CPVT systems with compound hyperbolic, parabolic, and V-trough concentrators, enhanced by nanofluids. SiC, Al2O3, and ZnO nanoparticles at 1-3 wt% were examined to numerically assess improvements in heat transfer and power output. The results revealed that H2O-SiC with 3 wt% achieved the best electric, thermal, and exergetic performances. SiC 1 wt% outperformed Al2O3 3 wt% by 2.74 % in terms of thermal efficiency. The V-trough system was identified as the best-performing overall energy and efficiency at a normal incidence angle, achieving efficiencies of 70 % (thermal) and 17.37 % (exergy) with 3 wt% SiC. CPC and CHC systems followed with thermal efficiencies of 69 % and exergy efficiencies of 17.27 %. CHC showed superior electrical and comparable thermal efficiency, becoming effective with a sun-tracking system and attractive due to its half-reflector size. The optimal design, CHC-SiC-0.5 wt%, with a 2.86 degrees incidence angle, achieved a cost of $86.9/unit with high thermal (55.31 %) and electrical (12.48 %) efficiencies. Cost was reduced by 60.4 %, with overall efficiency decreasing by only 2.24 %. V-trough systems maximize absolute power output, CPC offers stable performance over wider incidence angles, and CHC achieves the highest power density per reflector area but requires precise alignment or tracking, highlighting the trade-off between total power, angular tolerance, and area efficiency. CHC-based systems, particularly with SiC nanofluids, offer the most economically sustainable solution despite higher efficiency configurations increasing system costs. This work provides the first comprehensive comparative analysis of nanofluid-enhanced CPVT systems with non-imaging concentrators, demonstrating that nanofluid-geometry integration combined with genetic algorithm optimization can significantly improve efficiency while lowering costs. This constitutes the core scientific contribution of the study.IFS Collaborative Research Project [TUBITAK-2219, 1059B192203008]; [J25I016]This work was developed within research projects supported by TUBITAK-2219 (No: 1059B192203008) and the IFS Collaborative Research Project (No: J25I016) . Authors, thank you for all your support
Sarıkamış'ta Yetişen Sarıçam Odununun Fiziksel, Kimyasal ve Mekanik Özelliklerinin Diğer Çam Türleriyle Karşılaştırılması
No full textFive different pine species naturally grow in Turkey's native forests: Pinus brutia (Turkish red pine), Pinus nigra (black pine), Pinus sylvestris (Scots pine), Pinus pinea (stone pine), and Pinus halepensis (Aleppo pine). Among them, Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) is preferred for various applications due to its superior wood characteristics, such as narrower annual rings, straighter stems, and fewer wood defects compared to other pine species. Factors such as the tree's habitat, altitude, aspect, and soil properties significantly affect its wood properties. In this study, several chemical (extractives, hemicellulose, and alpha-cellulose), physical (density, tangential, radial, and longitudinal swelling), and mechanical (bending strength, modulus of elasticity, screw withdrawal resistance, and static hardness) properties of Scots pine wood, known for its advantageous technical qualities, were investigated. Chemical analysis revealed that the wood contains 4.42% extractive content, 27.72% hemicellulose, and 45.73% alpha-cellulose. According to physical tests, the oven-dry density was found to be 0.535 g/cm³; tangential, radial, longitudinal, and volumetric swelling ratios were 8.0%, 4.5%, 0.8%, and 13.3%, respectively. The fiber saturation point was determined to be 25%, and the water absorption capacity was 71%. Regarding mechanical properties, the average bending strength was recorded as 80.7 N/mm² on the tangential surface, 88.8 N/mm² on the radial surface, and 85.4 N/mm² at approximately 45° (diagonal direction). The highest value was observed on the radial surface, while the lowest occurred on the tangential surface. The average modulus of elasticity in bending was found to be 7525.5 N/mm² (tangential), 9030.6 N/mm² (radial), and 8853.4 N/mm² (diagonal direction).Türkiye'nin doğal ormanlarında beş farklı çam türü yetişmektedir. Bunlar; Kızılçam, Karaçam, Sarıçam, Fıstıkçamı ve Halep çamıdır. Sarıçam ağacının odunu, diğer çam türleri odunlarına göre daha dar yıllık halka, daha düzgün gövde, daha az odun kusuru bulundurması gibi nedenlerden dolayı birçok kullanım yeri için tercih edilmektedir. Ağaçların yetişme yeri, rakım, bakı, toprak özellikleri gibi etkenler odun özelliklerini etkilemektedir. Bu çalışmada, üstün odun özellikleri nedeniyle tercih edilen Sarıçam odununun bazı kimyasal (ekstraktif, hemiselüloz ve alfa selüloz), fiziksel (yoğunluk, teğet yönde genişleme radyal genişleme ve boyuna genişleme) ve mekanik özellikleri (eğilme direnci, elastikiyet modülü, vida tutma direnci, statik sertlik) araştırılmıştır. Kimyasal analiz sonuçlarına göre Sarıçam odununun %4,42 oranında ekstraktif madde, %27,72 oranında hemiselüloz ve %45,73 oranında alfa selüloz içerdiği tespit edilmiştir. Fiziksel özelliklerin belirlenmesi için yapılan testler sonunda; tam kuru yoğunluk 0,535 gr/cm3, teğet, radyal, boyuna ve hacimsel genişleme yüzdeleri sırasıyla %8,0-4,5-0,8-13,3, lif doygunluk noktası %25 ve su alma miktarı %71 olarak belirlenmiştir. Mekanik özelliklerden; eğilme direnci ortalama değerleri teğet yüzeyde 80,7 N/mm2, radyal yüzeyde 88,8 N/mm2 ve çapraz yönde (~45°) 85,4 N/mm2 olarak en yüksek değer radyal yüzeyde elde edilirken en düşük değer teğet yüzeyde elde edilmiştir. Eğilmede elastikiyet modülü ortalama değerleri teğet yüzeyde 7525,5 N/mm2, radyal yüzeyde 9030,6 N/mm2 ve çapraz yönde (~45°) 8853,4 N/mm2 olarak belirlenmiştir
Cholinesterase Inhibition and Anticancer Properties of [4-(Benzyloxy)phenyl]{Methylidene}hydrazinylidene]-1,3-dihydro-2H-Indol-2-ones Using Swiss Target-guided Prediction
No full textIntroduction Our group previously reported isatin-based hydrazones (ISB1-ISB6) were further evaluated for their in vitro acetylcholine esterase, butylcholinestrase and cytotoxic effects on cancer cell lines. The compounds successfully suppressed AChE and BChE, with Ki values ranging from 1.06 +/- 0.07 to 23.57 +/- 1.64 nM for AChE and 15.31 +/- 1.28 to 84.41 +/- 8.04 nM for BChE. However, the IC50 values of these compounds for AChE and BChE were found to be in the ranges of 1.45-25.51 nM and 16.38-92.90 nM, respectively.Method Furthermore, to explore the anti-tumor potential of our newly synthesized compounds, we conducted a cytotoxic MTT assay to assess their impact on two different cancer cell lines: MCF7 and A2780.Results Our findings highlight diverse cytotoxic profiles among the compounds. Specifically, ISB2, ISB3, and ISB4 demonstrated potential cytotoxicity in the A2780 cell line, while ISB6 exhibited significant cytotoxicity in the MCF7 cell line. This suggests that these compounds have different effects on cancer cell types, indicating the need for further investigation into their potential applications in cancer therapy.Conclusion Finally, molecular docking and dynamic study revealed that lead molecule ISB3 provides stability in the AChE and BChE protein-ligand complex.Deanship of Research and Graduate Studies at King Khalid University [RGP2/473/45]The authors extend their appreciation to the Deanship of Research and Graduate Studies at King Khalid University for funding this work through Large Research Project under grant number RGP2/473/45
An investigation into the grammar of the listening sections in Istanbul: A Turkish Course for International Students
No full textBu tez yabancılara Türkçe öğretimi alanında kullanılan ders kitaplarındaki dinleme bölümlerinin o ünitede öğretilmesi hedeflenen dil bilgisi konularını ne derecede temsil ettiğini araştırmayı amaçlamaktadır. Bunun için alanda sıkça kullanılan kitaplardan biri olan Yeni İstanbul Yabancılar İçin Türkçe Ders Kitabındaki dinleme bölümleri incelenmiştir. Yeni İstanbul Yabancılar İçin Türkçe Ders Kitabı 5 seviyeden oluşmaktadır. Bunlar; A1, A2, B1, B2 ve C1 seviyeleridir. Her bir seviyenin çalışma kitabı bulunmaktadır. Ayrıca her bir ünite üç farklı alt konuya ayrılmış ve ünite başlarında öğretilmesi hedeflenen beceriler, dil bilgisi konuları ve kelime grupları sunulmuştur. Set içerik olarak Avrupa Diller İçin Ortak Başvuru metnine uygun bir şekilde okuma, dinleme, yazma ve konuşma becerilerini geliştirecek şekilde hazırlanmıştır. Araştırma dinleme bölümlerinin metinlerinin yazımında dil bilgisi öğretimini destekleyecek içerikler hazırlama amacı güdülüp güdülmediğini ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu sonuca ulaşmak için ise söz konusu metinlerde geçen dil bilgisi öğelerinin ünitede öğretilen dil bilgisi öğelerini ne kadar içerdiğine, metinlerdeki dil bilgisi öğelerinin ilgili o ünitede öğretilen işlevini taşıyıp taşımadığına ve bu iki özellik açısından ünitelerin birbirleriyle tutarlı olup olmadığına bakılmıştır. Yeni İstanbul Ders Kitabının tüm serileri (A1, A2, B1, B2, C1) incelenmiş olup serinin içinde bulunan 132 tane dinleme metnine (ünite sonu video metinleri dahil) bakılmıştır. Çıkan sonuçlara bakıldığında A1 seviyesinden C1 seviyesine doğru bir düşüş gözlemlenmektedir. A1 kitabında dinleme metinlerinin dil bilgisini barındırma oranı 0,51, A2 kitabında 0,41, B1 kitabında 0,14, B2 kitabında 0,08 ve C1 kitabında 0,04'tür. Bu durum bizlere temel seviyelerde dinleme metinlerinin dil bilgisini daha çok desteklediği orta ve ileri düzeyde ise bu oranın azaldığını göstermektedir.This thesis aims to find out to what extent the listening sections of books used in teaching Turkish as a second language represent the grammar topics taught in each unit. To this ends, it investigates the listening sections of a book frequently used in such environments, İstanbul: A Turkish Course for International Students. In particular, it tries to find out if the listening sections of the book were prepared with in intent to support grammar teaching. This was done by checking (i) the percentage of grammar topics of each unit as used in the listening sections (ii) whether each occurrence had the particular function taught in that unit and (iii) whether the listening sections throughout the books and the units in those books were consistent with respect to (i) and (ii). Ultimately, all books in the Yeni İstanbul Series (A1, A2, B1, B2, C1) were examined and 132 listening passages (including the videos at the end of the units) were transcribed. The results indicate that there is a continuous decline beginning from A1 up to C1. The representation ratios of grammatical items in the listening passages are as follows: 0.51 in A1, 0.41 in A2, 0.14 in B1, 0.89 in B2 and 0.42 in C1. This indicates that the listening passages support grammar teaching better in beginning levels that in intermediate and advanced levels