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Solution of the Capacity-Constrained Vehicle Routing Problem Considering Carbon Footprint Within the Scope of Sustainable Logistics with Genetic Algorithm
No full textOne of the important problems of sustainable logistics is routing vehicles in a sustainable manner, the green vehicle routing problem, or vehicle routing problems which aim to reduce CO2 emissions. In the literature research, it was seen that these problems were solved with heuristic, metaheuristic, or hyper-heuristic methods and hybrid approaches since they are in the NP-hard class. This work presents a parallel multi-process genetic algorithm that incorporates problem-specific genetic operators to minimize CO2 emissions in the capacity-constrained vehicle routing problem. Unlike previous research, the algorithm combines parallel computing with tailored genetic operators in order to enhance the diversity of solutions and speed up convergence. Genetic algorithm models were developed to minimize total distance, CO2 emissions, and both objectives simultaneously. Two genetic algorithm models were developed to minimize total distance and CO2 emissions. Experimental results using the reference CVRP examples such as A-n32-k5 and B-n44-k7 show that the proposed approach reduces CO2 emissions by 1.2% more than hybrid artificial bee colony optimization, 1.3% more than ant colony optimization, and 4% more than the traditional genetic algorithm. Experimental results using benchmark CVRP instances demonstrate that the proposed approach outperforms hybrid artificial bee colony optimization, ant colony optimization, and traditional genetic algorithms for most of the test cases. This is done by exploiting multi-core processors, and the parallel architecture has improved computational efficiency; the modules compare and update solutions against the global optimum. Results obtained show that prioritizing CO2 emissions as the only objective yields better results compared to multi-objective models. This study makes two significant contributions to the literature: (1) it introduces a novel parallel genetic algorithm framework optimized for CO2 emission reduction, and (2) it provides empirical evidence underscoring the advantages of emission-focused optimization in CVRP
Investigation of sport-specific achievement motivation of elite kick boxers according to some variables
No full textBu araştırmanın amacı elit kick boks sporcularının spora özgü başarı motivasyonlarının farklı değişkenlere göre incelenmesidir. Araştırma grubunun evrenini tüm elit kick boks sporcuları oluştururken, örneklemini 2024 yılında Büyükler Türkiye Şampiyonası'na katılan 46 kadın ve 86 erkek olmak üzere toplamda 132 elit sporcu oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmada veri toplama aracı olarak araştırmacı tarafından hazırlanın kişisel bilgi formu ve 40 maddeden oluşan "Spora Özgü Başarı Motivasyonu Ölçeği (SÖBMÖ)" kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde SPSS 25.0 paket programı kullanılmış olup hata payı 0.05 olarak belirlenmiştir. Verilerin analizinde tanımlayıcı istatistik yöntemleri uygulanmıştır. İki bağımsız grup karşılaştırılmasında bağımsız örneklem t-testi, ikiden fazla bağımsız grup karşılaştırılmasında tek yönlü ANOVA analizi kullanılmıştır. ANOVA testi sonucu gruplar arası farkın belirlenmesinde Bonferonni testi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın sonucunda elde edilen verilere göre katılımcıların eğitim durumu, spor özgeçmiş süresi ve güncel antrenörler çalışma süresi değişkenleri ile spora özgü başarı motivasyonları arasında anlamlı bir farklılık tespit edilmiştir (p0.05). Sonuç olarak elit kick boks sporcularının eğitim durumları arttıkça bireylerin hedef belirleme, planlama ve içsel motivasyonu düzenlemesine yardımcı olduğu gibi sahip oldukları deneyimler ve antrenörüyle geçirilen sürenin artmasıyla güvenin ve başarıya yaklaşma arzusunun artmasını sağlarken başarısızlıktan kaçınma güdülerinin artacağı söylenebilir.The aim of this study is to examine the sport-specific achievement motivation of elite kick boxers according to different variables. The population of the research group consists of all elite kick boxers, while the sample consists of a total of 132 elite athletes, 46 women and 86 men, who participated in the Senior Turkish Championship in 2024. The personal information form prepared by the researcher and "the Sport-Specific Achievement Motivation Scale (SSAMS)" consisting of 40 items were used as data collection tools in the study. SPSS 25.0 package program was used in the analysis of the data and the margin of error was determined as 0.05. Descriptive statistical methods were applied in the analysis of the data. The independent sample t-test was used to compare two independent groups and one way ANOVA analysis was used to compare more than two independent groups. Bonferonni test was used to determine the difference between groups as a result of anova test. According to the data obtained as a result of the research, a significant difference was found between the participants' education level, sports background duration and working time with current antennas and sport-specific achievement motivations (p0.05). As a result, it can be said that as the educational status of elite kick boxers increases, it helps individuals to regulate goal setting, planning and intrinsic motivation, as well as the experiences they have and the increase in the time spent with their coach will increase their confidence and desire to approach success, while their motives to avoid failure will increase
Civil Society in Action: Examining CSOs' Influence on Higher Education Policy in Turkey
No full textThis study examines the role of civil society organizations (CSOs) in shaping higher education policies in Turkey, focusing on their strategies, challenges, and influence within a highly centralized governance framework. Using qualitative methods, including document analysis of 68 studies and semi-structured interviews with representatives from nine CSOs, the research spans the period from 2007 to 2020, encompassing significant reforms in Turkey's higher education system. Findings reveal that while CSOs exhibit strong institutional capacities and play critical roles in agenda-setting and policy evaluation, their influence is constrained by the statist reflex which limits participation in areas challenging state control, such as autonomy and governance reforms. Despite these barriers, CSOs have effectively shaped public discourse, introduced incremental policy changes, and demonstrated resilience in a challenging political environment. The findings underscore the dual potential of CSOs as both agents of change and symbols of constrained democratization in Turkey
Tribological Characterization of Surface-Engineered W350 Grade Tool Steel
No full textIn this study, surface treatments are applied to W350 grade hot work tool steel, including (i) nitrocarburizing and (ii) nitriding, followed by post-oxidation processes, and both tribological performance and wear-related failure of the surfaces against nominal loads (10 and 20 N) at room temperature and 350 degrees C are evaluated. As a result of nitrocarburizing process, a compound layer (similar to 8 mu m thick) and a diffusion layer (similar to 120 mu m depth) are formed on the surface of the steel having a tempered martensitic structure. By nitriding process, a diffusion depth of similar to 20 mu m is reached without forming a compound layer and an oxide film (similar to 2 mu m thick) is coated on this depth with the post-oxidation process. Tribological tests show that (i) material losses due to wear can be reduced due to thermomechanical processes since they provide higher surface hardness compared to the substrate material, (ii) the compound layer can provide higher wear resistance compared to the oxide layer, and (iii) diffusion layer with high load-carrying capacity plays a decisive role in wear performance. Investigations on the worn surfaces indicate that the tendency for abrasive wear can be reduced at room temperature due to the increase in surface hardness by thermochemical processes; however, there is a significant increase in the formation of an adhesive layer on the surface. The resistance of surfaces coated with harder ceramic/oxide components to plastic deformation at higher temperatures has led to a reduction in wear losses.University of Kocaeli; Voestalpine High Performance Metal Co. [FYL-2023-3228]; Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit of Kocaeli UniversityThe authors wish to acknowledge the process support given by Voestalpine High Performance Metal Co. and financial support given by Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit of Kocaeli University under the project number FYL-2023-3228
Synthesis, Anti-Alzheimer Evaluation and In Silico Study of 4-Methoxyphenyl)Sulfonyl Indole Hybrid Thiosemicarbazones
No full textAlzheimer's disease (AD) is a multifaceted neurological disorder linked to behavioral, psychological, and language abnormalities as well as memory loss. A series of 1-[(4-methoxyphenyl)sulfonyl]-1H-indole-3-carbaldehyde-based thiosemicarbazones 5(a-v) had been synthesized and screened for their potential against AD. The compounds were tested for their inhibitory effects against cholinesterases (AChE and BChE) and monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A). Compounds 5l, 5v, and 5r showed remarkable activity on AChE, BChE, and MAO-A enzymes, having IC50 values ranging between 1.57 and 4.56 nM (K-i = 1.43 +/- 0.44 to 3.43 +/- 0.21 nM), between 25.68 and 35.06 nM (K-i = 22.53 +/- 7.70 to 34.82 +/- 2.32 nM), and between 22.98 and 27.23 nM, respectively. Compound 5l with trifluoromethyl substitution at the 3 and 5 positions was the most effective derivative of AChE and BChE, having K-i values of 1.43 +/- 0.44 nM and 22.53 +/- 7.70 nM, respectively. Compound 5v with chloro substitution at the 2 and 6 positions of the phenyl ring was the most potent inhibitor of MAO-A, with IC50 values of 22.98 nM. Structure-activity analysis exhibited that the electron-withdrawing substituents and di-substitution on the phenyl ring play a significant role in the inhibition potential of synthesized compounds. The most effective inhibitors' binding interactions with the active sites of AChE, BChE, and MAO-A were described via molecular docking studies. In silico ADME, pharmacokinetics, and drug-likeness studies were conducted and compared with the standard drugs galantamine and clorgyline.King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia [RSP2025R388]This study was funded by the Researchers Supporting Project Number (RSP2025R388), King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Tarım alt sektörlerinin finansal performanslarının DuPont analiz tekniği ile değerlendirilmesi
No full textPurpose: The agricultural sector is a sector with different sub-sectors and a wide range of products and is of critical importance for every country. Considering the structures of agricultural sub-sectors, each of them has different characteristics. The aim of this study is to evaluate the financial status of the enterprises operating in the agricultural sub-sectors in Türkiye between 2009 and 2023 and to compare the profitability of the sub-sectors. Design/Methodology/Approach: Using the sector balance sheet data prepared by the Central Bank of the Republic of Türkiye (CBRT), the financial performances of agricultural sub-sectors between 2009 and 2023 were calculated by DuPont analysis technique and various evaluations were made. In addition, variance analysis and Post-Hoc tests were conducted to test whether there is a significant difference in the profitability ratios of the sub-sectors between 2009-2023. Findings: As a result of DuPont analyses, when the average profitability ratios for the period 2009-2023 are examined; A02-Forestry sub-sector showed the highest performance in all three profitability ratios (return on sales, return on assets and return on equity). The lowest profitability averages for the relevant period were observed in the A01-Crop and animal production sub-sector. In addition, it was determined that the return on sales, return on assets and return on equity ratios of the A02-Forestry sub-sector differed significantly from the other sub-sectors for the 2009-2023 period. Originality/Value: Analysing the financial situation of the agricultural sector in detail is very important for enterprises, investors, entrepreneurs, economic management and other related groups operating in this sector. In this study, the agricultural sector has been analysed in depth by considering sub-sectors with different characteristics and comparisons have been made between sub-sectors. The results of the study provide important indicators for all information users who will make decisions about agricultural sub-sectors. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved
Proteomic characterization of venom from Scorpio fuscus (Scorpiones: Scorpionidae) with perspectives for therapeutic applications
No full textScorpion venom, renowned for its complexity and bioactivity, presents a fascinating landscape of molecules with diverse functionalities. This study delves into the intricate world of Scorpio fuscus venom proteins involving 1D gel-based proteomics followed by de novo protein identification employing LC-MS/MS. A total of 84 proteins were identified, unveiling a multifaceted composition with distinct functional categories. Notable entities include heteroscorpine-1, venom peptides (HtLKTx1-6, maurocalcin, opiscorpine-1 to 4), and phospholipase A2 hemilipin. These proteins exhibit potential applications in ion channel modulation and antimicrobial activity. Although some toxins show in vitro cytotoxicity, further in vivo investigations are needed to assess their true anticancer potential. The investigation highlights 16 potential antimicrobial peptides/proteins, including Con22 and opiscorpine-1. Additionally, 13 proteins related to lipid metabolism, such as phospholipase A2 heteromtoxin, were identified, suggesting potential effects in angiogenesis and cellular processes. The study identified the alpha KTx6.2 channel toxin peptide, maurotoxin, a potent inhibitor of voltage-dependent potassium channels. The presence of hemocyanin, a respiratory pigment, adds complexity to our insight into scorpion physiology, suggesting potential roles in immune responses and resistance to ionizing irradiations, beyond oxygen transport. Furthermore, the identification of proteins unknown or uncharacterized for their functions, including La1-like protein 13 and CAPUro-1, extends the intricacy of the venom composition, warranting further investigations into their functional significance. This comprehensive analysis provides a nuanced perspective on the Scorpio fuscus venom, shedding light on potential therapeutic avenues, antimicrobial applications, and the evolutionary adaptations that have shaped scorpion venoms.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUBITAK) [120Z942]; Selcuk University Research Foundation, Turkiye [21401070]This study was supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUBITAK; Grant No. 120Z942) and Selcuk University Research Foundation, Turkiye (BAP, Grant No. 21401070)
Participatory Democracy in the Digital Age: Thematic Content Analysis of CIMER Applications as a Public Opinion Communication Platform
No full textGovernmental public relations are a fundamental requirement for institutions to communicate transparently and openly with the public. As a public communication platform, CIMER enhances transparency and accountability in public administration by providing citizens with direct access to authorities regarding public services. In a digital age where the importance of communication becomes more prominent, CIMER acts as a bridge between the state and citizens and strengthens participatory democracy. In this study, the statistics of applications made to CIMER between 2018 and 2023 were analysed. Afterwards, intensive applications made to CIMER on prominent issues in Turkiye's 2023 agenda were subjected to content analysis. The study aims to reveal citizens' “acknowledgement, access to information, opinion/suggestion, request and complaints” regarding public services, enabling public institutions to better understand citizens' needs and provide improved services. Thematic content analysis revealed that CIMER applications are primarily demand-oriented, with most complaints also incorporating requests. The lower frequency of other application types (opinions/suggestions, access to information, and acknowledgement) suggests that CIMER's full potential remains untapped by citizens. In this context, awareness-raising activities to reach wider segments of society about the versatile usage possibilities of CIMER and the different services it offers will further increase the functionality of the platform
An Investigation of the Relationship between Spousal Support and Perceived Stress on Breastfeeding Attitudes in the Early Postpartum Period through Path Analysis
No full textAraştırmada erken postpartum dönemde eş desteği ve algılanan stresin, emzirme tutumu ile ilişkisini path analizi ile belirlemek amaçlandı. Tanımlayıcı ve ilişki arayıcı tipteki araştırmanın evrenini Türkiye’de yaşayan lohuslar oluşturdu. Araştırma örneklem seçimine gidilmeyip dahil etme kriterlerine uyan 233 lohusa ile tamamlanmıştır. Araştırmanın verilerinin toplanmasında Tanıtıcı Bilgi Formu, Erken Lohusalık Sürecinde Kadınların Algıladıkları Eş Desteği Ölçeği, Algılanan Stres Ölçeği ve Emzirme Tutumunu Değerlendirme Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Lohusaların yaş ortalaması 29.67±7.11’dir. Path modeline göre erken postpartum dönemde algılanan eş desteğinin emzirme tutumu üzerinde pozitif etkisi (pThis study aimed to determine the relationship between spousal support and perceived stress on breastfeeding attitudes during the early postpartum period using path analysis. The population of this descriptive and correlational study consisted of postpartum women living in Turkey. The research was completed with 233 postpartum women who met the inclusion criteria, without employing a sampling method. The Demographic Information Form, the Perceived Spousal Support Among Women in Early Postpartum Period Scale, the Perceived Stress Scale and the Breastfeeding Attitude Evaluation Scale were used to collect data. The mean age of the postpartum women in the study was 29.67±7.11. According to the path model, there is a positive effect of perceived spousal support in the early postpartum period on breastfeeding attitude (
The moderating role of aerobic exercise in the relationship between stress and cognitive functions
No full textThis study examines the effect of stress on cognitive failures and the potential moderating role of aerobic exercise. A total of 290 university students participated, and moderation analysis was conducted using Hayes' PROCESS Model 1 (Version 4.2). Results showed that stress alone did not significantly predict cognitive failures. However, aerobic exercise appeared to play a potential moderating role in this relationship. Specifically, a significant association between stress and cognitive failures was observed among moderate- and high-intensity exercisers, while no such effect was found in low-intensity exercisers. Additionally, sleep duration was negatively associated with cognitive failures. These findings suggest that aerobic exercise may influence the relationship between stress and cognitive failures, although further investigation is needed to establish this effect more conclusively