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Gereformeerde pietisme, neoplatonisme en pre-Romantieke teodisee in die Voortrekkervrou Susanna Smit (1799-1863) se godsdienstige dagboeke
Full text linkReformed Pietism, neo-Platonism and pre-Romantic Theodicy in the spiritual diaries of the Voortrekker woman Susanna Smit (1799-1863)
The first half of the eighteenth century witnessed a resurgence of Platonism in literature generally and in theology in Germany en Holland in particular, because of the appeal Plato’s ideas held for the distinction between immanent and transcendental reality, man’s quest for unity with the Good, and the human soul as the vehicle for uniting with God. Because most human beings are preoccupied with material things, Plato believed they need to have their thoughts turned to the immaterial reality behind the material world, and thus to be weaned away from the objects of their passions. To Plato the world is more than a world of appearances. Behind each particular thing is the idea or form of the thing. Moreover, the ideas or forms are all ultimately related to the Form of the Good. Plato believed that the soul is an immaterial entity, which in some ways is like the Forms. Particularly revealing to the emerging trend of Romanticism was Plato’s philosophical transcending of sceptical and materialistic views of reality, the notion that those who know what is good will love and desire it, and that moral virtue is of itself a prerequisite to knowing the good. The problem presented itself as to how sinful man and chaos in the world can be brought in accordance with God’s perfect and sinless nature. Because Plato’s view of human improvement by means of education and salvation through personal virtue is far removed from the Christian message of redemption by a loving, personal God, Pietists reverted to the neo-Platonism legacy of love mysticism to resolve the dualism inherent to the Romantic juxtaposition of the immanent and the transcendent. The Voortrekker woman Susanna Smit reflected these influences in her Reformed Pietistic spirituality and re-interpreted the Christian conviction of the love of God and man’s salvation by relying on neo-Platonism love spirituality in the works of James Hervey, Rutger Schutte, Hieronymus van Alphen, Rhijnvis Feith and other pietistically inclined authors. This research investigates the impact of the idea of experiential numinous love mediating between the Good and the human soul and neo-Platonism love sentimentality in Susanna Smit’s diaries and the effect of these influences in her Reformed Pietistic spirituality from 1843 to 1863.
https://doi.org/10.19108/KOERS.88.1.255
Die rapportering van beserings in Meganiese Tegnologie-skoolwerkswinkels met die oog op die skep van `n geborgenheidsruimte vir die leerders.
Full text linkArtikel 24 van die Wet op Beroepsgesondheid en -veiligheid (85 van 1993) bepaal dat alle beserings in werkwinkels gerapporteer moet word. Tegnologie-onderwysers het ook volgens die gemenereg ʼn regsplig om sulke beserings aan te meld. Sorgvuldige rekordhouding van ongelukke is een van die maniere wat gebruik kan word om ongelukke te voorkom en sodoende ʼn veilige werksomgewing te skep. Hierdie artikel doen verslag oor bevindings van ʼn ondersoek waartydens gebruik gemaak is van gemengde navorsingsmetodes by 220 tegniese skole in Suid-Afrika wat Meganiese Tegnologie as vak aanbied. Die doel van die studie was om die huidige stand van veiligheidsbestuur in werkswinkels in terme van die aanmelding van beserings en die rekordhouding daarvan kwantitatief en kwalitatief te bepaal. Die ondersoek het getoon dat daar nog ‘n aansienlike mate van onkunde by die deelnemende onderwysers bestaan oor die voorgeskrewe aanmeldingsprosedures van beserings en die rekordhouding daarvan. In die lig van hierdie bevinding word aanbeveel dat Meganiese Tegnologie-onderwysers groter kennis behoort te dra van hulle wetlike verpligtinge en verantwoordelikhede ten opsigte van die veiligheid van die leerders in die werkswinkels. Sodanige verdiepte kennis behoort hulle ook in staat te stel om hulle werkswinkels te omskep tot geborgenheidsruimtes vir hulle leerders.
ABSTRACTSection 24 of the Occupational Health and Safety Act (85 of 1993) stipulates that all injuries in workshops must be reported. Technology teachers also have a legal duty under common law to report such injuries. Meticulous record keeping of accidents is one of the strategies that can be employed to prevent accidents, thereby creating a safe working environment. This article reports on the findings of an investigation using mixed research methods at 220 technical schools in South Africa that offer Mechanical Technology as a subject. The aim of the study was to quantitatively and qualitatively determine the current state of safety management in workshops in terms of the (lack of) reporting of injuries and of record keeping. The investigation showed that there is still a considerable degree of ignorance among the participating teachers about (adherence to) the prescribed reporting procedures of injuries and their record keeping. In light of this finding, it is recommended that Mechanical Technology teachers should become more aware of their legal obligations and responsibilities regarding the safety of the learners in the workshops. Such in-depth knowledge could also enable them to transform their workshops into safe spaces for their learners.
https://doi.org/10.19108/KOERS.88.1.254
Dooyeweerd, Modal Aspects and Dynamic Evangelism
Full text linkThe present work identifies the modal aspect theory as a tool capable of evaluating an evangelistic outreach event and an example of such an outreach event is analysed using this theory. The event considered involves the offer, in a public space, of hospitality in the form of refreshments to passers-by. Modal aspect theory is shown to be capable of dynamic and fruitful application. It provides valuable insights into the way in which a biblically faithful outreach event may be organised and executed in such a way as to avoid reductionist influences, including Platonic dualism, and instead facilitate the establishment of a visible instance of the community of God’s people gathered, under his kingdom reign, in a public space into which unbelievers are welcomed.
https://doi.org/10.19108/KOERS.88.1.252
Kuyperania 2022
Full text linkThis article looks at new works published in 2022 by or about the Dutch polymath Abraham Kuyper (1837-1920).
https://doi.org/10.19108/KOERS.88.1.255
Bridging the Divide in Cultural Capital? A Tale of Two Capitals
Full text linkMore critical approaches are required in understanding the dynamics of creative economy and the interplay between its social, political and economic dimensions. Among the key contributions to the economic analysis of the creative economy are economist David Throsby, including his concept of ‘cultural capital’. This concept provides new ways of thinking of culture and value, primarily within a defined economic discourse. We also consider the work of Pierre Bourdieu on cultural capital and suggest that some form of synthesis of the two approach opens up possibilities. For one, such an exercise opens up debates within the academic discipline of economics, and secondly it allows fruitful interaction between economics and other social science discourses both disciplinary and transdisciplinary. It also provides us with understanding of the workings of the global economy and at a more abstruse level, to the ways in which contemporary capitalism is structured within the global economy.
https://doi.org/10.19108/KOERS.87.1.253
A Critique of Ladd’s ‘Already but not Yet’ View of the Kingdom
Full text linkThe kingdom of God is an important subject for theology and for a Christian worldview. As one of the most influential theologians of the twentieth century, George Eldon Ladd is arguably the father of the widely held ‘already but not yet’ view of the kingdom. Ladd contends that the kingdom can be both present and future at the same. The key to Ladd’s theory is his definition of the kingdom. If the kingdom can be present and future at the same time, Ladd realises that logically it cannot also be so in the same sense. Therefore, he postulates that Jesus offered a new and unexpected form of the kingdom, arguing that the New Testament radically reinterprets the Old Testament and calling this the mystery of the kingdom. This article critiques Ladd’s definition of the kingdom. The kingdom cannot logically be present and future at the same time. Moreover, Jesus did not offer a new ‘form’ of the kingdom. Regarding the mediatorial kingdom of God, the missing key is the word ‘conditional’.
https://doi.org/10.19108/KOERS.87.1.253
The Role of Ethnopedagogy in Shaping Positive Attitudes towards Traditional Values of Kazakh People among Future Teachers in Kazakhstan
Full text linkThe aim of the research is to establish whether the attitudes held by master’s students majoring in Education towards the traditional values of the Kazakh people change as a result of studying an elective course in Ethnopedagogy. Based on an analysis of works by Kazakh researchers, a classification of the traditional values of the Kazakh people was made. On the basis of this classification, the authors developed a questionnaire to identify attitudes towards these values. A survey was conducted among master\u27s degree students majoring in Education at S. Toraighyrov Pavlodar State University and L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University. The sample of the study was 119 people: 59 students formed the experimental group (the one where the elective course was taught), the remaining 60 were in the control group (that did not study the course). The survey was conducted twice: before the beginning and after the end of the course. The results of the first survey showed no statistically significant differences between the experimental and control groups. The second survey clearly showed positive changes in the attitudes towards the traditional values of the Kazakh people in the experimental group, while in the control group the results remained approximately at the level of the first survey. The authors came to the conclusion that it is necessary to strengthen the national and cultural components in the content of pedagogical education in the Republic of Kazakhstan.
https://doi.org/10.19108/KOERS.87.1.243
Workplace spirituality: The fifth gospel for the modern workplace?
Full text linkIn this article, the argument is developed that workplace spirituality can be used within practical theology to understand developments within the workplace. This can enable the church to give effective guidance to the congregation on finding meaning and purpose within the workplace. The value of workplace spirituality for both practical theology (as science) and the church (as organisation) will be debated in this article. In this article, it is accepted that workplace spirituality is not the same as religion even though the two concepts are not disjoint. This article first attends to workplace spirituality and then to the role of practical theology in workplace spirituality.
Based on the discussion of the difference between religion and spirituality, and what spirituality is, including the dimensions of spirituality, the working definition used in this article is that workplace spirituality engenders spiritual growth and development of employees which creates purpose, meaning, and community within the organisational context.
In the part on practical theology, it is argued that practical theology has three domains, namely the church, society, and academia (or science). The study presents the perspective that the workplace is a study focus for practical theology. The practice of workplace spirituality should be studied in practical theology thereafter practical theology can develop a faith-based approach to spirituality. This can be useful to understand the construct and practice of faith-based workplace spirituality without the one faith tradition dominating over the other.
https://doi.org/10.19108/KOERS.87.1.253
Generaal JH De La Rey in Mei 1902: : ’n Bittereinder vir Vrede
Full text linkGeneral J.H. de la Rey in May 1902: a die-hard Boer opting for peaceGeneral J.H. (Koos) de la Rey was, according to historians, a Christian Afrikaner and a Boer aristocrat. Not only did he play a leading role in the Boer community of the old Transvaal – in the 1890s he was a well-known member of the Volksraad or highest governing authority in the South African Republic – but in the Anglo-Boer War of 1899–1902 he became a Boer general who distinguished himself by leading his burgers in attacks on British military structures and skirmishes on horseback. De la Rey became known as a military strategist of the first rank. In the run-up to the Anglo-Boer War, which started on 11 October 1899, De la Rey tried to avoid this war with Britain as long as he could. After the war became a reality, he gave himself for his country as a die-hard fighter or “bittereinder”: somebody who fights till the bitter end. Apart from his natural military abilities, General De la Rey had a soft spot and a feeling for stressed people. He helped badly wounded enemies and in May 1902, in Boer talks about peace, he listened with compassion to those Boers who had suffered much and pleaded for peace, convincing him that they had reached the end of their tether – literally the end of the bitter end.De la Rey did not speak much at meetings, but during the peace talks at Vereeniging from 15–31 May 1902, he urged and influenced his people to accept Britain’s peace proposals. In the end, De la Rey and the die-hard fighters among the Boers who had fought for their political independence against British imperialism fought for self-rule under British rule as soon as possible.De la Rey wanted the Afrikaner people to maintain their identity as a nation in new circumstances and not to be wiped out as a nation through the Anglo-Boer War. He died as a leader and a hero of his people in 1914.
https://doi.org/10.19108/KOERS.87.1.2537
Abraham Kuyper and evolution
Full text linkThis paper explores Kuyper’s approach to evolution and evolutionism. He was opposed to evolutionism as it has roots in monism and pantheism; it promotes atheism. However, he did leave the way open to support some form of evolution that was guided by God and not random chance.
https://doi.org/10.19108/KOERS.87.1.251