HAL-INERIS
Not a member yet
8807 research outputs found
Sort by
Analysis and determination of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) tracers (markers) in particulate matter standard reference material (SRM 1649b, urban dust)
No full textInternational audienc
La production d'huiles essentielles à action " bio-pesticide " comme filière de valorisation de la phytomasse produite sur des sols historiquement pollués par les éléments traces métalliques
No full textInternational audienc
Comportement de parois en bardage métallique sous sollicitation d’explosion : expériences et modélisation
No full textInternational audienceINERIS has been interested in the behavior of the corrugated metal panels to overpressure from accidental explosion. The development of models representative of the behavior of corrugated walls to overpressure was confronted with a lack of validation, resulting from the limited experimental data. In order to improve knowledge on these structures, INERIS conducted an experimental campaign on corrugated metal panels subjected to an external explosion. The objective of this article is to highlight the results obtained during this campaign on the development and validation of analytical and numerical mechanical models. A series of nine medium-scale tests were conducted on the INERIS explosion-structure platform on various sets of panels, boundaries and fixings subjected to various shock waves. The amplitude and duration of the positive phase of the shock waves, resulting from detonation, equal to several tens of milliseconds, is representative of industrial cases. The results of the tests helped to reinforce the knowledge about the fracture modes. An analytical model has been developed and numerical models have been implemented.L’INERIS s’est intéressé au comportement des parois métalliques face aux effets de surpression. Le développement de modèles représentatifs du comportement de parois métalliques face aux effets de surpression se heurtait à une base de validation, issue des données du retour d’expérience, trop limitée. Afin d’améliorer la connaissance de la réponse de ces structures, l’INERIS a mené une campagne expérimentale sur des bardages métalliques nervurés soumis à une explosion externe. Cet article a pour objectif de mettre en avant l’exploitation des résultats obtenus lors de cette campagne d’essais dans la mise au point et la validation de modèles mécaniques analytiques et numériques. Une série de neuf essais à moyenne échelle a été menée dans une galerie de la plateforme Explosion-Structure de l’INERIS sur divers ensembles constitués de bardages, lisses et fixations soumis aux effets d’ondes de souffle. L’amplitude et la durée de la phase positive des ondes de surpression, issues de détonation, égale à plusieurs dizaines de ms, est représentative de situations industrielles. Les résultats d’essais ont permis de conforter les connaissances sur les ruptures des fixations et de mettre en avant des modes de rupture privilégiés Un modèle analytique été mis au point et des modèles numériques ont été mis en oeuvre
Mechanical integrity testing of cavern wells in a salt solution mining in Portugal. First tests analysis and lessons learned
No full textInternational audienc
Nanocellulose explosions: influence of the agglomeration and turbulence on the combustion rate-limiting step and flame propagation
No full textInternational audienceDust explosion risk assessment is relatively well established for micron-sized particles and requires the determination of key safety parameters representing the ignition sensitivity and explosion severity of the dust. When considering nanoparticles, the particle size distribution (PSD) is more likely to vary during the injection process, due to both the agglomeration phenomenon inherent to strong interactions and the fragmentation phenomenon due to flow shear stresses. As a consequence, safety parameters and their determination methods can differ significantly from micro to nanopowders. A peculiar attention has then to be given to the cloud characteristics (PSD, turbulence), more precisely at the exact moment of ignition. This work focuses on nanocellulose and aims at evaluating the influence of the agglomeration phenomenon and flow turbulence on the dust combustion. Flame propagation tests were performed to evaluate the unstretched burning velocity and explosions tests were carried out to estimate the combustion mechanisms involved
6+-year source apportionment of fine carbonaceous aerosols at SIRTA (Paris region, France) using Aerosol Chemical Speciation Monitor (ACSM) and multi-wavelength Aethalometer (AE33)
No full textInternational audienceCarbonaceous aerosols account for a major fraction of fine atmospheric particles and play a significant role on air quality and climate forcing. Although various primary sources and secondary transformation processes have already been identified and quantified worldwide, their characterization over long-term time periods remains poorly documented due to challenging highly-time resolved continuous observations. We report here the first source apportionment of carbonaceous aerosols for a 6+-year period from on-line in situ measurements. This unique dataset has been obtained from November 2011 to March 2018 at the SIRTA facility, a research monitoring platform which is representative of background air quality in the Paris region (France)..
Source apportionment of oxidative potential of atmospheric particulate matter : method & application at 15 sites in France
No full textInternational audienceAtmospheric ambient PM has already been shown to be linked to diverse health outcome such as asthma, cardiovascular disease and increase cancer risk. However, epidemiological studies focus only on PM mass despite the fact that the PM present a wide span of size, shape, chemical composition and so reactivity. The oxidative potential (OP) of PM has been proposed as a new proxy for air quality in order to better estimate the the population exposition since it integrates the different PM characteristic and is a closely linked to the inflammatory response of the body to the oxidative stress induced by PM, and so to different health outcomes. However, long time series of OP measurement are still poorly documented in the literature and no standardized assays has emerged. Moreover, very scars source apportionment of OP has been conducted yet
Major influence of secondary organic aerosols on black carbon absorption enhancement in the region of Paris, France
No full textInternational audienceAtmospheric black carbon (BC) and lightabsorbing organic aerosol (also referred as brown carbon, BrC) have strong effects on the Earth’s climate by absorbing direct solar radiation. To better characterize and quantify these effects, it is still needed to improve the understanding of specific underlying mechanisms such as the influence of primary emissions and secondary processes on absorption properties over long-term periods. We report here results of a three-year continuous field observations of both optical and chemical aerosol properties from March 2014 to March 2017 at a suburban background station (SIRTA) in the Paris region (France)..
Automatic full waveform-based monitoring of induced microseismicity at Garpenberg mine, Sweden
No full textInternational audienceMultiple studies have demonstrated the efficiency of automatic full waveform-based detection and localization approaches. Application of these techniques has shown significant improvement in detection capacity compared to the triggered-based system. The increased number of detected events allows to perform detailed statistical analysis of seismicity in space and time (i.e. b-value of the Gutenberg Richter law, p-exponent of the Omori law and gamma value of the inter-event times). This may permit identification of potential nucleation phases of large events using dense space-time event clusters which can provide information about stress transfer and dynamic rupture characteristics. However, real-time automatic monitoring of microseismicity in mining application is non-trivial. The two main challenges to be considered here are: high sampling rate of recorded seismic data ( kHz) and a wide range of microseismic sources (i.e. machine noise, blasts, induced seismicity). In this study, we propose an automatic full waveform-based microseismic event detection and location workflow for near-real-time seismic monitoring. We implemented and test the method on a study case of deep metal mine ( > 1km in depth) at Lappberget district of the Garpenberg mine, Sweden. The proposed method consists of two steps: event extraction and preliminary location (step 1) and relocation (step 2). Step 1 is based on multiband frequency detection and first-order amplitude ratio location. Whereas, step 2 uses backprojection technique (BacktrackBB) estimating a better constrained space-time location of hypocenters. Step 1 targets reduction of transferred 8 kHz sampled seismic data ( 60GB per day) and provides an energy-ratio-based classification of events that allows to remove machinery noise detections. We estimated that detection capacity compared to conventional triggering-based monitoring system is improved by at least a factor of 50. This increased number of detected events permits to investigate migration pattern of microseismic activity in response to production blast. The method has been implemented in a local seismic monitoring system of Ineris (France) and is consistently improved to ensure a reliable real-time detection and location
Le stockage souterrain d'hydrogène dans le cadre de la transition énergétique : maîtrise des risques et impacts
No full textInternational audienceDans le contexte actuel de développement croissant des énergies renouvelables, dont certaines sont intermittentes (solaire, éolien), une part significative de l’énergie sera produite hors des périodes d’utilisation intensive. Sa gestion nécessitera donc de disposer d’importantes capacités de stockage. L’une des options étudiées est la conversion de l’électricité excédentaire en hydrogène par électrolyse. Cela implique le stockage de grandes quantités de ce gaz. A cet effet, le sous-sol offre des capacités de stockage massif tout en assurant une meilleure sécurité vis-à-vis des stockages de surface. Néanmoins, les caractéristiques de l’hydrogène (fugacité, inflammabilité, explosivité, réactivité) sont de nature à induire des risques qu’il convient d’analyser et de maîtriser afin de permettre le développement harmonieux de cette nouvelle technologie. On présente ici les diverses possibilités de stockage de l’hydrogène dans le sous-sol ainsi que les principaux risques associés