Organizations and Markets in Emerging Economies
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Symbiotic Vs Commensal Networking: the Case of Textile SMEs in China and Russia
Get PDFThe purpose of this research is to contribute to the literature addressing the characteristics of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) based on the sample drawn from two emerging economies – China and Russia. The study investigates the intensity and typology of networking activities that SMEs are involved in. The research contributes to the field by empirically investigating, testing, and putting into a unified framework the measurement tools required for identifying symbiotic and commensal types of SMEs’ networking interactions. It also provides an insight into attitudinal, managerial, cultural, and environmental factors that condition these two types of networking and influence SMEs’ willingness to globalize their operations and thus make their networks international. The overriding framework of the study can be stated as developing, validating and testing the symbiotic networking concept relatively to the international business studies. In this way, the study contributes to overcoming the criticism that network theory is not predictive by nature and is not testable
Determinants of Sovereign Investment Protectionism: the Case of Bulgaria’s Nuclear Energy Sector
Get PDFForeign direct investment (FDI) by entities controlled by foreign governments (especially state-owned enterprises) is a new global phenomenon that is most often linked to the rise of emerging markets such as China and Russia. Host governments have struggled to properly react to this type of investment activity especially in key strategic sectors and critical infrastructure that ultimately raise questions of national security. Academic research on sovereign investment as a factor contributing to the new global protectionist trend is very limited, and predominantly focused on sovereign investors from China. This study explores the specifics of Russian sovereign investment in the former Soviet Bloc countries, now members of the European Union, especially in strategic sectors such as energy. We use the case of Bulgaria’s nuclear energy sector and the involvement of Russia’s state-owned company Rosatom in the halted Belene nuclear power plant project to analyze the dynamics of policy and politics, political-economic ideologies and historical legacies in the formation of national stances towards Russia as a sovereign investor. Our research contributes to the emerging literature on FDI protectionism and sovereign investment by emphasizing the significance of political-ideological divides and the heritage of the past as determinants of sovereign investment protectionism
Profile and Career Aspiration of Malaysian Returnees
Get PDFThis study examined profiles and predictors of career aspiration of Malaysian returnees from European and non-European countries. This study, involving 226 returnees, was carried out in the industrialized areas of the Klang Valley, Johore Bharu and Penang, and the state of Sabah. Based on the Social Cognitive Career Theory and the Chaos Theory of Careers the study derived personal and environmental factors within the major groups of push-pull factors that served as the predictors. Most returnees from Europe came back from the United Kingdom while Australia, Saudi Arabia, Japan, Korea and the United States were the host countries outside Europe. A regression analysis showed the explanatory power of career aspiration for returnees from European countries was higher (33.9%) than that of returnees from non-European countries (29.1%). Push political and pull social factors were significant for the former, whereas push social, pull personal and pull family factors were stronger for the latter ones. The implications of these findings for human resource practices and suggestions for future research are discussed
An Investigation of Chronological Versus Cognitive Age Impact in the Kuwait Coffee Shop Market
Get PDFGiven the growing body of research dedicated to self-perceived age and the cognitive age construct, it is widely believed that one’s self-perceived age may actually be a better predictor of age-related psychological states or attitudes than mere chronological age. Extending the research on cognitive age, the current study examines the impact of both cognitive age and traditional chronological age on the behaviors of coffee shop users in Kuwait. The study finds that chronological age and cognitive age are highly correlated, both in age levels and in terms of consumer behavior. Nevertheless, a large portion of the sample perceived themselves to be younger than their chronological age. This is especially true of consumers aged 55 and over. The main findings that differentiate chronological age from cognitive age are that as Kuwaiti consumers become chronologically older, coffee drinks become more important to them. Also, as cognitive age increases, consumers are less likely to drink coffee with friends
The Stages of International Growth of the Business Groups From Emerging Economies
Get PDFThe previous studies have focused on weak institutional environment in explaining the growth of business groups in emerging economies. The recent events, however, show that business groups continue to grow even when the institutions are getting better. This is evident both in the domestic and international growth stages. This paper addresses this by providing a group and a firm-level analytical framework as an alternative in examining the international growth of business groups. The focus is putting the institutional environment in the background and the business groups in the forefront. The paper builds on the endogenous growth of business groups and proposes that their persistence, regardless of institutions and level of economy, can be explained not only through their environment but also by the internal dynamics of their organizational structure and group-specific advantages. This proposition is based on the theory of the firm through the combined application of transaction cost economics, resource-based and dynamic capabilities views
Brand Avoidance: Relations Between Brand-related Stimuli and Negative Emotions
No full textThe article analyses one of the parts of anti-consumption phenomenon – brand avoidance. Most of the research on the topic of brand avoidance is usually qualitative, analysing only singular brand avoidance reasons, whereas this article employs a quantitative method to analyse brand avoidance, including different brand-related stimuli (unmet expectations, symbolic incongruence, unacceptable trade-off, ideological incompatibility) and the negative emotions (dislike, anger, worry, embarrassment) consumers feel towards brands. What is more, this research is the first to analyse brand avoidance in the context of emerging markets, as previous studies were carried out in Western countries. However, it was found that different brand-related stimuli have positive relations mainly with dislike emotion, which was the only one influencing brand avoidance
Assessment of Changes in the Quality of Life of Emerging Economies in the Context of Developed Economies of the European Union
Get PDFThe present article has focused on the theoretical and practical aspects of the measurement of quality of life by the quality of life index (IQOL). A special focus of the present article is placed on complexity of quality of life measurement. In the article, an integrated Quality of Life Measurement Model and IQOL are formulated on the basis of theoretical assumptions and synthesis of factors of external and internal environments of quality of life and indicators reflecting them. The Quality of Life Measurement Model presented in the article has been empirically tested assessing quality of life in 20 purposefully selected developed and emerging economies of the European Union during the period from 2005 till 2013. The newly created IQOL is one of the ambitions to promote the methodological background for business and political actors and improvement of the quality of life in emerging economies
The Relevance of Cboe Volatility Index to Stock Markets in Emerging Economies
Get PDFWe examine the capability of CBOE S&P500 Volatility index (VIX) to determine returns of emerging stock market indices as compared to local stock markets volatility indicators. Our study considers CBOE S&P500 VIX, local BRIC stock market volatility indices and BRIC stock market MSCI indices daily returns in the period from January 1, 2009 to September 30, 2014. Research is conducted in two steps. First, we perform Spearman correlation analysis between daily changes in CBOE S&P500 VIX, local BRIC stock market VIX and MSCI BRIC stock market indices returns. Second, we perform multiple regression analysis with ARCH effects to estimate the relevance of CBOE S&P500 VIX and local VIX in determining BRIC stock market returns. Research reports weak correlation between CBOE S&P500 VIX and local VIX (except for Brazil). Furthermore, results challenge the assumption of CBOE S&P500 VIX being an indicator of global risk aversion. We conclude that commonly documented trends of rising globalization and stock markets co-integration are not yet present in emerging economies, therefore the usage of CBOE S&P500 VIX alone in determining BRIC stock market returns should be considered cautiously, and local volatility indices should be accounted for in analysis. Furthermore, the data confirms the presence of safe haven properties in Chinese stock market index