International Journal of Advances in Pharmaceutics
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Preparation and evaluation of mucoadhesive microspheres of repaglinide for treatment of diabetes mellitus type II
Get PDFType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is the most common form of diabetes constituting 90% of the diabetic population. The number of patients with diabetes in India is currently around 40.9 million and is expected to rise to 101 million by 2030.Majority of the conventional formulations available have some drawbacks and less bioavailability, to overcome their deficiency an attempt was made to formulate mucoadhesive of Repaglinide for the treatment of Diabetes mellitus type II ,Prepared formulations were subjected for different evaluation parameters like Particle Size Analysis, Production Yield, Bulk Density, Tapped Density and Compressibility Index, Swelling Index, Mucoadhesivity study, Entrapment efficiency, Differential Scanning calorimeter and in vitro drug release study. Best formulation was chosen who passed all the evaluation parameters
Caracterization of the pulp of some crataegus Azarolus l.
Get PDFSome physical, chemical and biochemical properties of an extracted oil of pulp of Crataeus azarolus L are presented.. Extracted oil was obtained according to two extraction ways and parameters are of fat matter were characterized. As far as results are concerned,we can classify oil of crataegus azarous L among plant oils type oleo-linoleic with a low content of vitamine E, in the range of 6.6mg/100g
Phytochemical analysis of red alga Champia parvula (C. Agardh) collected from Mandapam coast of Tamil Nadu, India
Get PDFThe marine red alga Champia parvula showed the phytochemical constituents like sterols, glycosides, anthroquinones, phenols, alkaloids, triterpenoids, tannins, saponins, flavonoids, steroids. Flavonoid compounds have rutin, quercetin, kamferol and phenol compounds have gallic acid and cinnamic acid. Similarly, the fatty acids have palmitic acid, margaric acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linolenic acid, alpha linolenic acid, moroctic acid were also present. Among the phytochemical contents the triterpenoids and glycosides are present in high. Among the seven fatty acid, stearic acid (6.03 0.012%) and moroctic acid (5.58 0.004%) were identified. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the phytochemical constituents of the marine red alga Champia parvula
Short review on Convenient approach for the preparation of various organic compounds using microwave technology
No full textHeterocyclic compounds have been recognized as the prospective entities in the mostly rising chemical world of organic compounds having promising and almost all types pharmacologically, chemically as well as useful agrochemicals activities. These Heterocyclic organic compounds are synthesized by using different type of synthetic routes those permit differentextentsofdiversepharmacological activities. Theinformationofdifferent type ofsyntheticprocesses and the different physicochemical factorsfor synthesizingof various organic heterocycliccompoundsand drawsthe remarkable attention of chemists or researcher to produce combinatorial library and carry out comprehensive efforts in the explore ofnew and leadsmolecules. This reviewprovidedoutlook of the synthesis ofsome heterocyclic compounds using microwave technology and compared with conventional synthetic methods
Non-Pressurized Topical Spray of Diclofenac Diethylamine
Get PDFThe objective of research work was an attempt to develop non-pressurized topical spray formulation to improve diclofenac diethylaminepermeationthrough lipoidal membrane obstruction. A prototype formulation and thirty formulations were prepared (using different concentration of permeation enhancer, cooling, buffering, film forming agent, plasticizer and lecithin), their characterization and optimization was done (FTIR spectroscopy, drugrelease, skin-irritation, kinetics study performed by construct the plot of zero order/first order/Higuchi/KorsmeyerPeppas). A screw neck HDPE bottle procured with metered spray (200mcl) pump and actuator was selected as a dispensing system. The result demonstrated drug release of optimized formulation (F30) was found to be 93.3%3.1gcm -2 andits i n vitro study revealed significant plus immediate topical drug permeation. According ton>value of F30 showed super case (II) transport, erosion release mechanism, moreover no skin-irritation score
Preparation and evaluation of mucoadhasive microspheres of Propranolol HCl for nasal delivery
Get PDFIn the recent decades, the interest in intranasal route for drug delivery is increased as the nasal mucosa offers numerous benefits such as rapid systemic drug absorption and fast onset of action. Additionally, intranasal absorption avoids the hepatic presystemic metabolism and enhances drug bioavailability in comparison to that obtained after oral administration. Also, it offers patient ease being non invasive, offers favourable tolerability profile and it is also pharmaceutically economic as dont require sterilization. Propranolol HCl is the most commonly used ? blocker drug for the prophylaxis of migraine. The problem with the oral route is low bioavailability (26%) due to pre-systemic metabolism. So, the aim of the work is to formulate and evaluate mucoadhesive microsphere of Propranolol HCl to increase its bioavailability and reduce its dose. Mucoadhesive microspheres increase the residence time of the drug by gel formation mechanism and hence improve bioavailability as compared to powder and liquid formulations. The prepared formulation was evaluated for particle size, shape and morphology, mucoadhesive strength, micrometric properties, in vitro drug diffusion study, entrapment efficiency and stability studies
Preparation of sodium alginate nanoparticles by desolvation technique using iso propyl alcohol as desolvating agent
Get PDFObjective : The present study was undertaken to prepare and characterize drug loaded Sodium Alginate nanoparticles using Desolvation technique. The model drug chosen was Ibuprofen. Method : These nanoparticles were prepared by two methods i.e; Continuous addition method and intermittent addition methods in which the addition of desolvating agent was done at the rate of 1ml per minute and 1 ml per 5 minutes respectively. The optimized formulation developed using these two methods were characterized for particle size and stability. Results : The best method among two was determined by comparing the particle size and stability of the formulation using Particle Size analyzer and Zeta Sizer. Mean particle diameter and Zeta Potential was found to be 289.8 nm, -44.5 mV and 289.2 nm, -49.9 mV for the particles prepared by Continuous addition method and Intermittent addition method respectively. Conclusion: Intermittent addition method was concluded as the best method for the preparation of Ibuprofen loaded sodium alginate nanoparticles because of their smaller particle size and greater stability
Delivery practices in a rural area of North Karnataka A cross sectional study
Get PDFBackground and aims: InIndia, various programs have been launched to provide primary health care to women and children, particularly in the rural areas. Most life threatening obstetric complications require hospital management to prevent maternal mortality. InIndia, most of the rural deliveries are conducted at home. Since Factors affecting non utilization of primary health centre for deliveries are not completely understood hence the present study was undertaken to study the delivery practices in the village and also to know the various reasons for non utilization of primary health centre for deliveries. Methods and Material: This community based cross-sectional study was done during the period of October 1st 2004 to October 1st 2005 among all the women (n=63) who had delivered during this period residing in Vantamuri village which is a rural field practice area of Primary Health Centre (PHC) attached to a Medical College in South India of Belagavi District. Data was collected using predesigned and pretested questionnaire. Statistical analysis was done by using percentages and chi square test. Results: Most of the study participants (53.96%) delivered at home followed by private hospitals (25.39%). In this study among the home deliveries only 23.53% were conducted by trained dais where as remaining 76.47% were conducted by others. When we enquired about reasons for not utilizing Primary Health Centre, Vantamuri for deliveries most (33.33%) of study participants told that they delivered at their mother place, some (22.80%) told that there was no proper facility at Primary Health Centre. A significant association (p 0.001) was found between place of delivery and early initiation of breast feeding. Conclusion: There needs to have an end for home deliveries which can be achieved by Strengthening the information, education and communication (IEC) activities. The facilities in the Primary Health Centre should be improved both in terms of manpower and infrastructur
Drug Dosing in Obese Patients: A Dilemma
Get PDFPrevalence of obesity has increased over the past few years and is still growing. Usually obesity is accompanied by co-morbid conditions which may be caused because of it too. Due to this it is not unusual for a physician to have a lot of obese patients. Now, the dosing of the drug is a major issue. The dose given for normal patients may not be accurate for obese patients and it is highly likely to worsen the condition of the patient on account of the fact that pharmacokinetic parameters of an obese individual differs from a normal person. During clinical trials, the dose is calculated for normal weight patients, but the scenario changes in obese. Due to the lack of sufficient evidence, the dose modification poses to be a threat to patients especially the ones who are on drugs with a narrow therapeutic index. Various scales have been formulated to help but more research needs to be done to get precise doses
Development of validated RP-HPLC method for the simultaneous estimation of atenolol and chlorthalidone in combine tablet dosage form
Get PDFA RP-HPLC method for the estimation of ATN (Atenolol) and CTN (chlorthalidone) in combined dosage form was developed using Comosil RP-C18 (4.6 x 250mm, 5m) in an gradient mode with mobile phase comprising of Methanol: Water (pH 3 using OPA) The flow rate was 1 mL/ min and effluent was monitored at 226.0 nm. The retention times were found to be 2.2 min for ATN and 3.36 min for CTN. The assay exhibited a linear dynamic range of 40- 200 g/mL for ATN and 10- 50 g/mL for CTN. The calibration curves were linear (r 2 = 0.999 for ATN and r 2 = 0.999 for CTN) over the entire linear range. Mean % recovery was found to be 99.78 % for ATN and 99.30 % for CTN with % RSD was NMT 2 for both estimations which fully agrees with system suitability which is in good agreement with labeled amount of formulation. The % RSD for Intra- Day and Inter-Day Precision was NMT than 2 for both the drugs. The developed method was validated as per ICH guideline