452 research outputs found
Sort by
Gereedschapskist Omgekeerd Ontwerpen Stedenbouw Verkeer Verblijven
Get PDFIn deze ‘Gereedschapskist van Bach’ is de methodiek van ‘Omgekeerd ontwerpen’ vanuit ruimtelijke gebruikspatronen (in plaats van mono-disciplinair vanuit de ontwerper) toegankelijk voor studenten en voor burgerinitiatieven die zich inzetten voor het verbeteren van de (leef)omgeving. Gelijktijdig wordt opnieuw de samenhang tussen het vakgebied ‘Stedenbouw’ en ‘Verkeerskunde’ gevisualiseerd en worden ideeí«n aangedragen voor een vakgebied ‘Verblijfskunde’. Want de toekomst van het vak ‘Verblijfskunde’ gaat de initiatiefgroep aan het hart.
Stede(n)bouw en verkeer zijn als mal í¨n contra-mal onlosmakelijk verbonden. De stedenbouwer í¨n de verkeerskundige kunnen - duurzaam vanuit ’t eigen specialisme- bereikbaarheid en doorstroming van (woon)gebieden zo regelen dat men er prettig verblijft. Bij het ontwerp en het beheer van zo’n ‘stede’ dient men leefbaar- heid, thuisgevoel en ruimtelijke kwaliteit - cyclisch - samen te brengen met verkeersveiligheid. En, als beloning, stijgt de waarde van ieders onroerend goed.
De disciplines die verantwoordelijk zijn voor bereikbaarheid en ontwerp en onder- houd van de publieke ruimte hebben veel tegenstrijdige (ontwerp)doelen. Die zijn niet vanuit de eigen beroepstraditie, kennisvelden of vaardigheden op te lossen. Daar is een veelomvattende interdisciplinaire (ontwerp)aanpak voor nodig. En, daar is ook communicatie voor nodig met de gebruikers van de ruimte.
De ‘tools’ in deze ‘Gereedschapskist’ geven handreikingen om ‘ontwerpend’ aan de slag te gaan. De auteurs hopen dat de lezer - door voortaan de volgorde van het ontwerp om te keren - een duurzame stad in een circulaire samenleving een stapje dichterbij brengt. Dit digitale werkstuk is vooral om met een zoekfunctie te doorlopen. Maar het nodigt ook uit om stukjes te lezen. Per hoofdstuk gidsen pictogrammen gerelateerde onderwerpen en verbinden de verkeersdiscipline met stede(n)bouw, architectuur, ‘Urban Design’ en landschapsarchitectuur. Productieve gereedschappen zijn de gelaagdheid van de stadsplattegrond, de profielen, de situering van activiteiten, het patroon van dichtheden, de daarin gevleide infrastructuur en de functiemix.
Ontwerpmethoden gebaseerd op menselijke gebruikspatronen krijgen ruim aandacht. Het milieu en de economische kanten komen aan bod door de kenmerkende (oer-)structuren van milieuvriendelijke vervoerswijzen te relateren aan verkavelingen en de ruimtelijk structuur. Met name wordt stede(n)bouw gerelateerd spelen, ontmoeten, lopen, fietsen, ‘Light Rail’ en halte- í¨n stationsgebieden.
Het begrip ‘ontwerp-contramal’ doemt op en vraagt om ‘verblijfskunde’ als discipline
The Matter of Future Heritage
Get PDFIn 2018, for the first time, the University of Bologna’s Board of PhD in Architecture and Design Culture assigned second-year PhD students the task of developing and managing an international conference and publishing its works. The organisers of the first edition of this initiative — Giacomo Corda, Pamela Lama, Viviana Lorenzo, Sara Maldina, Lia Marchi, Martina Massari and Giulia Custodi — have chosen to leverage the solid relationship between the Department of Architecture and the Municipality of Bologna to publish a call having to do with the European Year of Cultural Heritage 2018, in which the Municipality was involved.
The theme chosen for the call, The Matter of Future Heritage, set itself the ambitious goal of questioning the future of a field of research — Cultural Heritage (CH) — that is constantly being redefined. A work that was made particularly complex in Europe by the development of the H2020 programme, where the topic entered, surprisingly, not as a protagonist but rather as an articulation of other subjects that in the vision of the programme seemed evidently more urgent and, one might say, dominant. The resulting tensions have been considerable and with both negative and positive implications, all the more evident if we refer to the issues that are closest to us namely the city and the landscape
Gentrification & Crime: New Configurations and Challenges for the City
No full textThis volume is the editorial product of the project “Gentrification and Crime. New Configurations and Challenges for the City” started by a public conference held on May 6, 2019 at the Municipal Historical Archive of Palermo. This event was organized by Locus and endorsed by private and public bodies. During the conference, four presentations were given by distinguished academics of main fields investigated: Giovanni Semi, Marco Picone, Adam Asmundo, Antonio La Spina. Journalist Elvira Terranova moderated the event. This publication was born from the desire to investigate gentrification and crime through a multidisciplinary approach. It draws inspiration from the urban sociologist Henri Lefebvre and his fundamental work The Production of Space on how the subject in its corporeality and in its interactions with the other integrates and produces spaces. The people involved in the project stem from different fields: geographers, urban sociologists and criminologists, architects and urban planners, historians, and other representatives of civil society. That being said, given this project’s cross-disciplinary nature, contributors are given some creative freedom to flesh-out their own conceptualizations. As such, it is appropriate to cultivate an understanding of the intellectual framework and foundation underpinning this work
Energy-Efficient Office Renovation: Developing design principles based on user-focused evaluation
Get PDFThis research aims to develop user-focused design principles for energy-efficient office renovations. The goal of this is to improve the quality and comfort of workspaces without compromising on energy-saving goals. Due to increasing sustainability requirements, new ways of working and changing office user preferences, there is a growing need for office renovations that not only deal with the energy performance and the replacement of building facilities, but also the occupants’ health and well-being. The renovation of office buildings can substantially reduce energy demand and improve building performance. For this reason, most studies regarding office renovations have focused on achieving better energy performance and indoor environmental quality. Also, several studies have investigated employee satisfaction in the work environment. However, the users are only considered after the buildings have been built and taken into use (e.g., postoccupancy evaluation), but not in the early stage of the design phase. Although there are building regulations and norms regarding indoor comfort, no clear design principles or guidelines considering users have been developed for office renovations. Therefore, it is necessary to explore how office users can be included in the early design stage of office renovations to improve their comfort and satisfaction. This led to the following main research question to be answered in this thesis:
How can design principles for energy efficient office renovation be developed, based on the evaluation of user satisfaction?
To answer to this question, field studies were conducted in 5 office buildings in the Netherlands. The cases consist of four renovated offices and one non-renovated office, originally built in 1960s to 70s. Before conducting empirical studies, a literature was conducted that is implemented in the theoretical framework. Ten parameters for satisfaction, such as thermal comfort, air quality, light, noise, personal control, privacy, concentration, communication, social contact, and territoriality, were defined and were classified based on the findings from 124 items of studies focussing on physical and psychological satisfaction in the work environment. Each chapter and several sub-research questions address these parameters. Based on the findings, a classification of user satisfaction parameters is proposed, including a discussion about an hierarchy of ten parameters. This hierarchy is structured based on theoretical definitions of parameters and its physical, functional, and psychological influences.
For the empirical studies, a multidisciplinary methodology was applied to prioritise the important aspects of office renovations. The various methods for data collection and analyses included examining energy use and the quality of indoor climate after renovation, and investigating the impact of design factors on user satisfaction with thermal, visual, and psychological comfort. The design factors in this research are influential design factors on user satisfaction. These are office layout, orientation, window-to-wall ratio, and desk location. The empirical studies are structured in four parts.
Energy consumption
As a preliminary study, architects and facility managers were interviewed to identify the building characteristics of renovated offices and energy consumption. Henceforth, the five case studies were conducted. A cross-case-analysis was used to compare the building characteristics of the five case studies. The energy consumption of renovated and non-renovated offices were compared by different energy matrix. In addition, the limitations that hinder the achievement of better energy performance, were described.
Indoor climate and users’ thermal comfort
Indoor temperature and humidity were measured by using data loggers to identify the condition of the indoor climate for users’ thermal comfort after renovation. A questionnaire, including thermal sensation, preference, and satisfaction, was distributed among the building users. The monitored climate data of the thermal conditions were evaluated based on the Dutch building norms and users’ responses.
Personal control
This part aims to identify the relationship between the degree of personal control over indoor environmental conditions (e.g., temperature, ventilation, light) and user satisfaction with thermal and visual comfort. This study investigated the impact of personal control on user satisfaction through user surveys and statistical analyses. The results present that higher controllability leads to more satisfaction in terms of thermal and visual comfort. It also reveals the psychological impact of personal control on user satisfaction by showing differences in perceived satisfaction according to ‘no control’ and ‘do not have’. These findings provide support to workplace management and the design of personal environmental control systems.
User satisfaction with thermal, visual, and psychological comfort
Together with the indoor climate conditions of workspaces, 579 office users from the five cases were studied. The responses of the users were collected and analysed through statistical analyses. This study phase demonstrates the results of the impact of influential office design factors on user satisfaction with thermal, visual, and psychological comfort. It also contributes to predicting which design variables may bring better user satisfaction.
After the empirical studies, the conceptual study was conducted through energy simulation to evaluate the impact of the combination of design factors on the energy demand. Twenty-four office model variants were created based on the combination of design factors, which are consisted of 3 or 4 variables. The energy demand is predicted according to the office model variants. As a next step, the design principles were developed by incorporating the previous findings and various perspectives of energy-efficient office renovation. An overview of the predicted user satisfaction and energy demand is graphically provided in this research.
Based hereupon, a flow chart is created for applying the principles to the renovation process. First, the most influential design factors on thermal, visual, and psychological satisfaction are suggested in the design principles. Next, the values of predicted user satisfaction and energy demand can be evaluated by following the flow chart, to find the optimal renovation plan. In this step renovation alternatives are suggested in terms of office variants to create a balance between user satisfaction and energy efficiency. Last, if design limitations occur, the degree of personal control should be included to increase user satisfaction. The comprehensive design principles can help architects, designers, and facility managers to make design decisions in an early stage of office renovations.
To summarise, this research demonstrates the relationship between design factors, indoor climate and user satisfaction, without neglecting the fundamental goal of office renovation: reducing the energy demand, upgrading facilities, and improving building performance. It also contributes to developing design principles for office renovations with integrated user perspectives, that improve users’ satisfaction and comfort, as well as energy efficiency. Although users’ individual control over the indoor environment has a significant impact on satisfaction, it needs to be explored further. In addition, it is important to mention that other variables such as building elements and various façade configurations need to be included in further research. In conclusion, design principles considering both energy efficiency and user satisfaction will not only contribute to an increase in the value of a building, but also serve as a stepping stone for user-focused office designs or user-related aspects of the built environment
Smart Mobility & Urban Development in Haven-Stad, Amsterdam: 2019 Summer School
Get PDFCities are in transition. Most cities, like Amsterdam, are growing in terms of inhabitants, visitors, and jobs, which cause an increase in the movement of people and goods to, from, and around the city. Next to that, socio-economical factors, new insights, policies, and technology innovations change how we live and work in our cities. Mobility operates as the intersection between the city’s infrastructure and its inhabitants; it is the central link in the well-functioning of a city and a key element in the organization of multi-modal transport. We have seen a rise of, among others, Mobility as a Service (MaaS), ride-sharing, and micro-mobility, and even though not implemented yet, autonomous vehicles are one of the relevant technologies to consider when looking at our future cities. How does mobility in the future impact the way our cities are being developed?
Just like cities in general, the area of Haven-Stad is in transition as well. From being a harbor area at the edge of the city center, it will be developed into a mixed-use neighborhood and will be the biggest urban generator for future developments in Amsterdam. To gain insight and to better understand the interrelationships between urban development and urban mobility and to show perspectives on integration of future mobility scenarios in an actual urban environment, we asked each of the three groups to elaborate on a specific part of Haven-Stad. Each group came up with a perspective for their area, while looking at a wide variety of aspects: the role and function of smart urban mobility, including Mobility as a Service (MaaS) and emerging mobility options; the travel behavior of a growing number of users; the sustainability challenges and fairness in transport planning; the public and semipublic spaces (and social dynamics therein); the exploration of alternative, marginal and emerging social uses of urban developments as meeting places and culture; the urban integration in the overall mobility system; the interface between architecture and infrastructure within the urban fabric; the programming of future transport nodes and the access and egress to and from such transport hubs of all types of smart mobilities (e.g. conventional public transport, shared mobility, autonomous taxis, et cetera). As the development of Haven-Stad will take over 30 years, the factor time and phasing in the approaches and scenarios is key in each of the three proposals.
The eight-day program covered different didactical components. Firstly, participants were introduced to Amsterdam, the current status of the Haven-Stad project, mobility, and future developments. Through various presentations by city representatives, participants were informed on the history, general information and mobility policies on Amsterdam and Haven-Stad. Next to that, experts from TU Delft gave presentations on smart mobility, different modes of mobility, behavioral aspects, and the state of the art of mobility-related research. During an afternoon bike tour, participants had the chance to explore the area and get a better feeling for its size and current atmosphere of the project location. During intensive and interactive work sessions with the seven tutors, analyses were made and the perspectives, approaches, and scenarios were refined. The three groups presented the final results for a group of visiting critics.
With this publication, we want to show the richness of perspectives and insights on Haven-Stad, that were developed during this short but very intensive Summer School. We are proud to present the three different projects, each with their own focus. The invited experts provided the participants with background knowledge lectures and a workshop. Excerpts of these sessions are included in this publication. We thank all participants, tutors and involved stakeholders for their efforts that have made this Summer School a success
Reimagining Heerenstraat: Actief Erfgoed in de Historische Binnenstad van Paramaribo / Active Heritage in Paramaribo’s Historic Inner City
Get PDFIn 2016, the Government of Suriname, financed by a loan from the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB), launched the Paramaribo Urban Rehabilitation Program (PURP), which contributes to the socio-economic revitalisation of Paramaribo’s historic inner city. It aims to attract new residents and commercial activities to the centre of Paramaribo, to restore value to its cultural heritage, to reduce traffic congestion and to strengthen the institutional framework for managing its sustainable development. The program also aims for a climate-smart approach to infrastructural interventions.
From July 29 to August 2, 2019, Luiz de Carvalho Filho and Santiago del Hierro, from the Department of Urbanism of the Faculty of Architecture and the Built Environment at TU Delft, visited Paramaribo to explore the possible topics for a Workshop Program in support of PURP to be carried out in November 2019. This Technical Cooperation would take place in coordination with IDB and the Government of Suriname, particularly the Ministry of Education’s Directorate of Culture. The cooperation would be realised as part of the fall semester of the European Post-master in Urbanism (EMU), in parallel to a research and design studio for the Amsterdam Metropolitan Area.
In contrast to the approach to Amsterdam, students in the Paramaribo Workshop shifted in scale from a metropolitan understanding of the city, to a neighbourhood perspective where spatial justice was addressed through social participation and a local understanding of what makes urban space lively, inclusive and safe. Paramaribo and Amsterdam are cities that have a strong relationship due to a shared colonial history. Their relationship has continued to remain very active even since the independence of Suriname in 1975, when a high percentage of the population of Paramaribo emigrated to the Netherlands. In this sense, the workshop also included the perspective of Dutch-Surinamese citizens who experience both places as home. This helped us broaden our understanding of how urban liveliness is experienced in different Surinamese contexts. Input from The Black Archives, the Grote Surinam Exhibition and the Bijlmer Museum in Amsterdam was integrated into the workshop’s preliminary research.
Between 3 and 8 November, during the workshop week in Paramaribo, TU Delft students, together with local stakeholders, focused on the analysis of local conditions and possible strategies that can support a sustainable revitalisation of the Heerenstraat, a street with enormous potential to become one of the Historic Inner City’s most iconic destinations due to its inherent beauty and the public activities that the community is continuously organising.
By focusing on the interaction of various layers on an intervention at a smaller scale (the Heerenstraat and its adjacent buildings and public spaces), the workshop aimed at understanding and visualising a concrete roadmap towards a more lively, active and safe space in this specific case study within the Historic Inner City
The Urbanisation of the Sea: From Concepts and Analysis to Design
Get PDFThe book tells the story of the sea-land continuum based on the case of the North Sea – one of the world’s most industrialised seas, in which the Netherlands plays a central role. The space of the North Sea is almost fully planned and has been loaded with the task of increased economic production from new and traditional maritime sectors. At the same time, it has been emptied of cultural signi ficance.
Through diverse projects from academia, art, literature, and practice, from analysis to design, the book explores synergies for designing this new spatial realm. Port city expert Carola Hein, professor of the history of architecture & urban planning at Delft University of Technology, and Nancy Couling, associate professor at the Bergen School of Architecture and researcher of the urbanised sea, combine forces with interdisciplinary experts to guide the reader through this complex and fascinating topic
1951 Exhibition of Architecture - Guide to the Exhibition of Architecture, Town Planning and Building Research: Harding McGregor Dunnett
No full textThe Festival of Britain is perhaps best known for its South Bank Exhibition promoting British science and art to the post-war world, but one of the most important elements was the Architecture Exhibition, based in Poplar in East London. This exhibition was used to demonstrate the principles of modern town planning that had been laid out by Abercrombie, in particular in his County of London Plan.
The project was named after George Lansbury, the Labour MP, London County Council (LCC) member and Poplar councillor. It was an effective demonstration of planning ideas adopted since the 1930s by influential planners, taking the village as a model and retaining the terraced house as a housing option among medium rise flats. Small squares and open spaces were favoured, with paved pedestrian spaces, all at lower than pre-war densities.
The guide is revealing of the broader thinking in English planning in the mid century. It provides an opportunity for looking at conflicts among advocates of different planning ideas in the period of reconstruction and the move by architects to regain control of LCC housing from the Valuer’s Department. It offers the model of integrated professional specialisms that was seen as central to Modernism’s mission. It is also an opportunity to describe in more detail the interaction of different professions, including, for example, a sociologist, employed by the LCC in the creation of a model for reconstruction
aE Journal 2019/2020: aE Chair / Innovating Architecture
Get PDFWith a little help from my friends
What would you think if I designed a new world, would you stand up and join me? Lend me your knowledge and I’ll design you a place that can help to make a better world.
In 1967 the Beatles made a song in which they asked each other questions: ‘with a little help from my friends’. They helped each other to find out topics about life and love.
In 1966 the architect Cedric Price made the provocative statement often used by aE: ‘technology is the answer, but what is the question?’ It is intended to invite everybody to search, question and reconsider the impact of technological progress on architecture. Now more than 50 years on, this question is as relevant as ever.
We as teachers of Architectural Engineering ask our students to think about which question they want to address. We work from the technical fascination of the student. How do you make something, what is it made of, where does the material come from, why do I want to apply it, what can be improved, does it contribute to a better climate, can it be circular and what added value do you create with the design?
We want to integrate technology optimally in architecture and the built environment.
In our aE graduation studio this philosophy works in different contexts and with different techniques and resources. We are extremely interested in how we can use robotic and CNC milling techniques to make better architecture. We focus on current environments that require innovation. These are areas where shrinkage or the high building density is the challenge. We choose areas in Amsterdam such as the Marineterrein or the renovation of the ZuidoostZuid district. On the border between the Netherlands, Germany and Belgium, we work together with the Landscape Architecture department on Harvest. Or we look at what happens in Bandung in Indonesia or on the island of Sint Maarten. We work through all scales, from component to structure, from object to the entire environment. In this way we work on designing for a new world. For this we are looking for friends who can help us to give the right answer to the design questions that we ask. In this ninth edition of aE journal, we would like to show you the results we have achieved in the recent year with our students and the goals we envisage in the coming period.
Are you a friend of Intecture
SPACERGY: Space-Energy Patterns for Smart Energy Infrastructures, Community Reciprocities and Related Governance
Get PDFSPACERGY builds upon the need for planning authorities to develop new models to implement energy transition strategies in the urban environment, departing from the exploitation or reciprocity between space and energy systems. Several policies have been made by each EU nation, but effective and practical tools to guide the urban transformations towards a carbon-neutral future present several challenges. The first challenge is to confront long term changes in envisioning how a specific socio-cultural context can respond to the application of solutions for energy efficiency. Secondly, the engagement of communities in bottom-up approaches mainly includes the sphere of urban planning that underestimates the importance of relating spatial transformations with the energy performances generated in the urban environment. The third challenge regards the tools used for the assessment of the energy performance and the necessity of enlarging the scale in which energy demand is analyzed, from the scale of the building to that of the district. In this context, the project explores the role of mobility, spatial morphologies, infrastructural elements and local community participation in regards to the smart use of local resources. The project addresses a knowledge gap in relation to interactions and synergies between spatial programming, energy and mobility systems planning and stakeholder involvement necessary to improve models of development and governance of urban transformations.
Based on detailed spatial morphology and energy use modeling, SPACERGY develops new toolsets and guidelines necessary to advance the implementation of energy-efficient urban districts. New toolsets are tested in three urban areas under development in the cities of Zurich, Almere, and Bergen, acting as living laboratories for real-time research and action in collaboration with local stakeholders. The results of this research project support planners and decision-makers to facilitate the transition of their communities to more efficient, livable and thus prosperous urban environments