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Pyramid complex of Khufu, Khafre and Menkaure
No full textPyramid of Khufu (largest and oldest, ca. 2551-ca. 2528 BCE), view looking northwest, showing east (right) and south (left) faces; Egyptian governorate just west of Cairo, site of a major royal necropolis of the Old Kingdom capital of Memphis. The necropolis, containing the 4th Dynasty (ac. 2575-ac. 2465 BCE) pyramid complexes of Cheops, Chephren and Mycerinus (Khufu, Khafre and Menkaure) and their associated satellite burials, is divided by a broad wadi into two areas: the higher plateau, with the pyramid complexes, Great Sphinx and mastaba fields, and other private tombs on an escarpment to the south-west. Although Giza's period of greatest importance was during the Old Kingdom (ca. 2575-ca. 2150 BCE), the site underwent revivals in the New Kingdom (ca. 1540-ca. 1075 BCE) and the Saite period (ca. 664-525 BCE). Most of the tombs were robbed in antiquity, and much of the original casing of the monuments has been quarried away, considerably altering their appearance. In the late 20th century the site has come under threat from rising ground water, which is slowly destroying the monuments. Source: Grove Art Online; http://www.groveart.com/ (accessed 1/15/2008
Pyramid complex of Khufu, Khafre and Menkaure
No full textContext view, looking northwest over an Islamic cemetery, showing the pyramids, Khafre (at left) and of Khufu (at right) with Boat Museum; Egyptian governorate just west of Cairo, site of a major royal necropolis of the Old Kingdom capital of Memphis. The necropolis, containing the 4th Dynasty (ac. 2575-ac. 2465 BCE) pyramid complexes of Cheops, Chephren and Mycerinus (Khufu, Khafre and Menkaure) and their associated satellite burials, is divided by a broad wadi into two areas: the higher plateau, with the pyramid complexes, Great Sphinx and mastaba fields, and other private tombs on an escarpment to the south-west. Although Giza's period of greatest importance was during the Old Kingdom (ca. 2575-ca. 2150 BCE), the site underwent revivals in the New Kingdom (ca. 1540-ca. 1075 BCE) and the Saite period (ca. 664-525 BCE). Most of the tombs were robbed in antiquity, and much of the original casing of the monuments has been quarried away, considerably altering their appearance. In the late 20th century the site has come under threat from rising ground water, which is slowly destroying the monuments. Source: Grove Art Online; http://www.groveart.com/ (accessed 1/15/2008
Necropolis of Giza; Mastaba and Rock-cut Tombs
No full textDetail at the entrance to a mastaba tomb, located southeast of the Pyramid of Khufu; Numerous burials of private individuals, many of whom had held office in the Giza necropolis during their lifetimes, are associated with the royal burials. These mastabas and rock-cut tombs were gifts from the king in return for loyal service and may have been constructed by royal craftsmen. The original mastaba fields lying to the west, south and east of the Great Pyramids were laid out in regular lines, but later cemeteries grew up more haphazardly. Most of the tombs conform to a standard plan comprising a storeroom, an offering room and a burial chamber; a chapel in the superstructure contained one or more offering stelae by means of which the deceased and members of his family could enjoy sustenance in the next world. Source: Grove Art Online; http://www.groveart.com/ (accessed 1/15/2008
Pyramid complex of Khufu, Khafre and Menkaure
No full textPyramid of Khufu (largest and oldest, ca. 2551-ca. 2528 BCE), the east face; Egyptian governorate just west of Cairo, site of a major royal necropolis of the Old Kingdom capital of Memphis. The necropolis, containing the 4th Dynasty (ac. 2575-ac. 2465 BCE) pyramid complexes of Cheops, Chephren and Mycerinus (Khufu, Khafre and Menkaure) and their associated satellite burials, is divided by a broad wadi into two areas: the higher plateau, with the pyramid complexes, Great Sphinx and mastaba fields, and other private tombs on an escarpment to the south-west. Although Giza's period of greatest importance was during the Old Kingdom (ca. 2575-ca. 2150 BCE), the site underwent revivals in the New Kingdom (ca. 1540-ca. 1075 BCE) and the Saite period (ca. 664-525 BCE). Most of the tombs were robbed in antiquity, and much of the original casing of the monuments has been quarried away, considerably altering their appearance. In the late 20th century the site has come under threat from rising ground water, which is slowly destroying the monuments. Source: Grove Art Online; http://www.groveart.com/ (accessed 1/15/2008
Necropolis of Giza; Mastaba and Rock-cut Tombs
No full textClose view of a mastaba tomb, depicting a portal; Numerous burials of private individuals, many of whom had held office in the Giza necropolis during their lifetimes, are associated with the royal burials. These mastabas and rock-cut tombs were gifts from the king in return for loyal service and may have been constructed by royal craftsmen. The original mastaba fields lying to the west, south and east of the Great Pyramids were laid out in regular lines, but later cemeteries grew up more haphazardly. Most of the tombs conform to a standard plan comprising a storeroom, an offering room and a burial chamber; a chapel in the superstructure contained one or more offering stelae by means of which the deceased and members of his family could enjoy sustenance in the next world. Source: Grove Art Online; http://www.groveart.com/ (accessed 1/15/2008
Necropolis of Giza; Mastaba and Rock-cut Tombs
No full textThe wall of a mastaba tomb, located southeast of the Pyramid of Khufu, depicting tight fitted stones and cantered wall; Numerous burials of private individuals, many of whom had held office in the Giza necropolis during their lifetimes, are associated with the royal burials. These mastabas and rock-cut tombs were gifts from the king in return for loyal service and may have been constructed by royal craftsmen. The original mastaba fields lying to the west, south and east of the Great Pyramids were laid out in regular lines, but later cemeteries grew up more haphazardly. Most of the tombs conform to a standard plan comprising a storeroom, an offering room and a burial chamber; a chapel in the superstructure contained one or more offering stelae by means of which the deceased and members of his family could enjoy sustenance in the next world. Source: Grove Art Online; http://www.groveart.com/ (accessed 1/15/2008
Pyramid complex of Khufu, Khafre and Menkaure
No full textPyramid of Khafre (second largest, ca. 2520-2494 BCE), detail at the apex, showing remains of the limestone finish; Egyptian governorate just west of Cairo, site of a major royal necropolis of the Old Kingdom capital of Memphis. The necropolis, containing the 4th Dynasty (ac. 2575-ac. 2465 BCE) pyramid complexes of Cheops, Chephren and Mycerinus (Khufu, Khafre and Menkaure) and their associated satellite burials, is divided by a broad wadi into two areas: the higher plateau, with the pyramid complexes, Great Sphinx and mastaba fields, and other private tombs on an escarpment to the south-west. Although Giza's period of greatest importance was during the Old Kingdom (ca. 2575-ca. 2150 BCE), the site underwent revivals in the New Kingdom (ca. 1540-ca. 1075 BCE) and the Saite period (ca. 664-525 BCE). Most of the tombs were robbed in antiquity, and much of the original casing of the monuments has been quarried away, considerably altering their appearance. In the late 20th century the site has come under threat from rising ground water, which is slowly destroying the monuments. Source: Grove Art Online; http://www.groveart.com/ (accessed 1/15/2008
Pyramid complex of Khufu, Khafre and Menkaure
No full textPyramid of Menkaure (smallest, built ca. 2490-2472 BCE), general view of queens' pyramids (to south) in foreground, pyramid of Khafre in background right; Egyptian governorate just west of Cairo, site of a major royal necropolis of the Old Kingdom capital of Memphis. The necropolis, containing the 4th Dynasty (ac. 2575-ac. 2465 BCE) pyramid complexes of Cheops, Chephren and Mycerinus (Khufu, Khafre and Menkaure) and their associated satellite burials, is divided by a broad wadi into two areas: the higher plateau, with the pyramid complexes, Great Sphinx and mastaba fields, and other private tombs on an escarpment to the south-west. Although Giza's period of greatest importance was during the Old Kingdom (ca. 2575-ca. 2150 BCE), the site underwent revivals in the New Kingdom (ca. 1540-ca. 1075 BCE) and the Saite period (ca. 664-525 BCE). Most of the tombs were robbed in antiquity, and much of the original casing of the monuments has been quarried away, considerably altering their appearance. In the late 20th century the site has come under threat from rising ground water, which is slowly destroying the monuments. Source: Grove Art Online; http://www.groveart.com/ (accessed 1/15/2008
Pyramid complex of Khufu, Khafre and Menkaure
No full textPyramid of Khafre (second largest, ca. 2520-2494 BCE), detail at the lower south face, depicting blocks of granite & limestone; Egyptian governorate just west of Cairo, site of a major royal necropolis of the Old Kingdom capital of Memphis. The necropolis, containing the 4th Dynasty (ac. 2575-ac. 2465 BCE) pyramid complexes of Cheops, Chephren and Mycerinus (Khufu, Khafre and Menkaure) and their associated satellite burials, is divided by a broad wadi into two areas: the higher plateau, with the pyramid complexes, Great Sphinx and mastaba fields, and other private tombs on an escarpment to the south-west. Although Giza's period of greatest importance was during the Old Kingdom (ca. 2575-ca. 2150 BCE), the site underwent revivals in the New Kingdom (ca. 1540-ca. 1075 BCE) and the Saite period (ca. 664-525 BCE). Most of the tombs were robbed in antiquity, and much of the original casing of the monuments has been quarried away, considerably altering their appearance. In the late 20th century the site has come under threat from rising ground water, which is slowly destroying the monuments. Source: Grove Art Online; http://www.groveart.com/ (accessed 1/15/2008
Pyramid complex of Khufu, Khafre and Menkaure
No full textPyramid of Khufu complex, showing remains of mortuary structure south of the queens' pyramids; Egyptian governorate just west of Cairo, site of a major royal necropolis of the Old Kingdom capital of Memphis. The necropolis, containing the 4th Dynasty (ac. 2575-ac. 2465 BCE) pyramid complexes of Cheops, Chephren and Mycerinus (Khufu, Khafre and Menkaure) and their associated satellite burials, is divided by a broad wadi into two areas: the higher plateau, with the pyramid complexes, Great Sphinx and mastaba fields, and other private tombs on an escarpment to the south-west. Although Giza's period of greatest importance was during the Old Kingdom (ca. 2575-ca. 2150 BCE), the site underwent revivals in the New Kingdom (ca. 1540-ca. 1075 BCE) and the Saite period (ca. 664-525 BCE). Most of the tombs were robbed in antiquity, and much of the original casing of the monuments has been quarried away, considerably altering their appearance. In the late 20th century the site has come under threat from rising ground water, which is slowly destroying the monuments. Source: Grove Art Online; http://www.groveart.com/ (accessed 1/15/2008