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The Photographic Portrait as a Field of Forces: Politics, Identity and Resistance in Contemporary Visual Culture
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The Transgenerational Demos
No full textAs individuals, we inherit debts and benefits from the past legally and morally too. The same is true for collectivities, whether families, corporations or nations. The aim of this interesting book is to defend an approach to the puzzles generated by this practice — and moral attitudes to it — based on Rawls’ political liberalism. It seeks to work out an account of constituent power implicit in Rawls’ work, and then to use it to explain how a demos can operate over time in such a way that sovereignty is secured, along with political identity, and equality amongst generations. In essence, the idea is that we should think of the demos as inherently transgenerational, stretching forward and back well beyond the lives of those living now and their immediate predecessors and descendants, and then conceive our constitutional order as establishing the rules of legitimacy for all of us, without distinction. The constitution, therefore, is not something which each generation is free to alter as it sees fit – or as its conceptions of justice or prudence dictate because ‘a constitution articulates a project for jointly living a political life over an open-ended time span’. (p. 260) Each generation is bound by norms of reciprocity to those that precede and succeed it and must therefore find ways of resolving disagreements about what the constitution means, and whether/how it should be changed, in ways that reflect the claims of the past as well as the future. Believing that present political majorities, however enlightened, are too transient and too self-interested to resolve conflicts of interest between the present, past and future, Ferrara argues for some form of constitutional court, whose job is to ensure that disputes about the constitution are resolved in ways that acknowledge and protect the transgenerational sovereignty of a people. (pp. 203-4
Intergenerational Reciprocity and Sequential Democratic Sovereignty: A Reply
No full textSovereignty Across Generations. Constituent Power and Political Liberalism (Ferrara 2023, hereafter SAG) takes on many battles. It aims to strengthen the paradigm of political liberalism by reconstructing and expanding Rawls’s concept of constituent power, which is very different and indeed at loggerheads with what today’s populists mean by this term. The book also aims to highlight the innovativeness of Rawls’s view of constituent power by bringing it into an intense dialogue with the paradigms of constitutionalism developed by Hans Kelsen and Carl Schmitt. Finally, Sovereignty Across Generations supplements Rawls’s liberal principle of legitimacy with two additional principles – designed to account for the legitimacy of constitution-making and of constitution-amending – and is designed to corroborate, by recourse to a principle of “vertical reciprocity”, Rawls’s case for the implicit unamendability of a constitution’s essential elements
Acidentes de teletrabalho no domicílio
No full textAccidents at work continue to be one of the phenomena that cause the most litigation, even with the imposition of mandatory labour insurance, as stated in article 79 of Law no. 98/2009 of 04 September. Since the beginning of the current year, and up until today (04-40-2025), there have already been three judgements on the matter from the Supreme Court of Justice alone. Notwithstanding the traditional difficulties on the subject, the aim of this short text is to discuss the possibility of accidents at work when the worker is teleworking at home and how this scenario fits in with the employer's duties of control and supervision, combining them with the worker's constitutionally guaranteed rights to privacy and inviolability of their home.A sinistralidade laboral continua a ser um dos fenómenos que maior litigância provoca, mesmo com a imposição de seguro de trabalho obrigatório, como resulta do art. 79.º da Lei n.º 98/2009, de 04 de Setembro. Desde o início do ano, e até ao dia de hoje (04-40-2025), existem já três Acórdãos, apenas do Supremo Tribunal de Justiça, sobre a matéria. Não obstante as dificuldades tradicionais sobre o tema, visamos com este pequeno texto trazer para discussão o tema da possibilidade de acidentes de trabalho quando o trabalhador se encontra em regime de teletrabalho no domicílio e como é que este cenário se coaduna com os deveres de controlo e fiscalização que impendem sobre a entidade empregadora, compaginando-os com os direitos constitucionalmente garantidos do trabalhador à reserva da vida privada e à inviolabilidade do domicílio
Pessoas ciganas e cidadania em Portugal: 50 anos de democracia e condições de vida
No full textA Constituição da República Portuguesa estabelece que as pessoas portuguesas têm acesso aos direitos de cidadania consagrados, nomeadamente ao direito de diversidade cultural, assim como acesso universal a educação, habitação, saúde e a condições de vida condignas. Não obstante, após 50 anos de democracia em Portugal, as pessoas ciganas continuam a ser vítimas de racismo, de anti-ciganismo e do sistema judicial, sendo ainda pouco escolarizadas e tendo dificuldades de acesso ao mercado de trabalho, bem como ao exercício efetivo dos direitos constitucionais. Neste texto discutimos algumas dimensões sobre condições de vida, racismo e discursos de ódio, tendo por base resultados de vários estudos realizados em Portugal.
La Constitution de la République portugaise stipule que les Portugais ont accès aux droits de citoyenneté consacrés, à savoir le droit à la diversité culturelle, ainsi que l’accès universel à l’éducation, au logement, à la santé et à des conditions de vie décentes. Néanmoins, après 50 ans de démocratie au Portugal, les Ciganos/Roms continuent d’être victimes de racisme, d’antitsiganisme, du système judiciaire, d’être peu scolarisés et d’avoir des difficultés à accéder au marché du travail et tous n’ayant pas accès à l’exercice effectif de leurs droits constitutionnels. Dans ce texte, nous abordons certaines dimensions des conditions de vie, du racisme et des discours de haine sur la base des résultats de différentes études menées au Portugal.The Constitution of the Portuguese Republic establishes that Portuguese people have access to established citizenship rights, namely the right to cultural diversity, as well as universal access to education, housing, health and decent living conditions. Nonetheless, after 50 years of democracy in Portugal, Ciganos/Roma people continue to be victims of racism, anti-Gypsyism, the judicial system, with little schooling and difficulties in accessing the labour market, and not all of them have access to the effective exercise of constitutional rights. In this text we discuss some dimensions of living conditions, racism and hate speech, based on the results of various studies carried out in Portugal
The paradoxical centrality of labour: Two challenges for a critical sociology
No full textCombattre la déproblématisation du travail et raviver l’attention intellectuelle ainsi que l’intérêt socio-théorique pour la (re)production de la vie sociale guident ce texte à l’occasion de l’édition commémorative « 20 ans, 20 questions sociales, 20 articles » de la revue Configurações. L’urgence d’une théorie sociale qui revitalise la centralité paradoxale du travail s’inscrit dans un débat qui dépasse les perspectives techno-déterministes, qu’elles soient optimistes ou pessimistes tant en vogue au cours des dernières décennies. Au sujet de la centralité paradoxale et du (futur du) travail, de plus en plus médiatisé par des plateformes numériques, des algorithmes et des subjectivités récursives, deux défis sont posés pour une sociologie critique du travail.Combating the de-problematisation of work and reclaiming the intellectual attention and socio-theoretical interest in the (re)production of social life guide this text on the occasion of the “20 years, 20 social issues, 20 articles” Commemorative Edition of the Configurações journal. The necessity for a social theory that updates the paradoxical centrality of work is part of a debate that extends beyond the techno-deterministic, optimistic or pessimistic perspectives that have been prevalent in recent decades. In light of the paradoxical centrality of work and its future in an increasingly mediated environment through digital platforms, algorithms and recursive subjectivities, two challenges are posed for a critical sociology of work.Combater a desproblematização do trabalho e resgatar a atenção intelectual e o interesse socio-teórico de (re)produção da vida social orientam o presente texto a propósito da Edição Comemorativa dos “20 anos, 20 questões sociais, 20 artigos”, da revista Configurações. A urgência de uma teoria social que reatualize a centralidade paradoxal do trabalho, inscreve-se num debate que vai além das perspetivas tecno-deterministas, de foro otimista ou pessimista, tão em voga nas últimas décadas. Sobre a centralidade paradoxal e o (futuro) do trabalho, cada vez mais mediado por plataformas digitais, algoritmos e subjetividades recursivas, deixam-se dois reptos para uma sociologia do trabalho crítica
The persistence of gender inequalities in the distribution of unpaid work: an explanatory contribution
No full textThis article analyses whether and to what extent gender inequalities persist in the distribution of unpaid domestic work among younger Europeans with higher education, segments of society where the ideals of gender equality are particularly present. Using data from the International Social Survey Programme, we show that this inequality persists to a significant degree, which leads us to draw up a set of hypotheses aimed at contributing to the effort to analyse this phenomenon. This framework of hypotheses draws attention to the importance of analytically considering the cultural survival, albeit in a mitigated, modified and diffuse form, of relevant aspects of the male breadwinner model.Este artigo analisa se, e em que medida, persistem desigualdades de género na distribuição do trabalho doméstico não pago entre os europeus mais jovens e com educação superior, segmentos da sociedade onde os ideais de igualdade de género estão particularmente presentes. Explorando dados do International Social Survey Program, mostramos que esta desigualdade persiste de forma significativa, o que nos conduz ao desenho de um conjunto de hipóteses que visam contribuir para o esforço da análise deste fenómeno. Este quadro de hipóteses chama a atenção para a importância de se considerar analiticamente a sobrevivência cultural, ainda que de forma mitigada, modificada e difusa, de aspectos relevantes do modelo do male breadwinner.Cet article analyse si, et dans quelle mesure, les inégalités de genre persistent dans la répartition du travail domestique non rémunéré parmi les jeunes Européens ayant un niveau d’éducation supérieur, segments de la société où les idéaux d’égalité de genre sont particulièrement présents. En exploitant les données de l’International Social Survey Programme, nous montrons que cette inégalité persiste significativement, ce qui nous amène à formuler un ensemble d’hypothèses visant à contribuer à l’effort d’analyse de ce phénomène. Ce cadre d’hypothèses attire l’attention sur l’importance de considérer analytiquement la survie culturelle, bien que sous une forme atténuée, modifiée et diffuse, des aspects pertinents du modèle du male breadwinner
The erasing head of Álvaro Cunqueiro: Imagination, subversion and parody
No full textEste artigo analiza a obra de Álvaro Cunqueiro poñendo o foco na singularidade da súa concepción do realismo máxico. Así, observamos como a súa poética de escritura baséase na constante ruptura da lóxica causal e espazo-temporal a traves da acumulación de imaxes que provocan una forte desintegración textual e narrativa. Concibida como unha especie de heteroxénea Arca de Noé, a literatura deste autor semella, pois, querer salvar un mundo de desaparece.
O soño, a imaxe configuran unha realidade alternativa de carácter fundamentalmente lingüístico. A análise dos recursos que colaboran na creación do efecto fantástico en Cunqueiro apuntan, por exemplo cara a importancia das mise en abyme e as metalepses metáforicas como medios fundamentais para creación dun fantástico non da percepción senón da linguaxe.
This article analyzes the work of Álvaro Cunqueiro, focusing on the uniqueness of his conception of magical realism. It shows how his poetics are based on a constant disruption of causal and spatial-temporal logic through the accumulation of images that provoke a strong textual and narrative disintegration. Conceived as a kind of heterogeneous Noah’s Ark, Cunqueiro’s literature seems to strive to preserve a world that is vanishing.
Dream and image construct an alternative reality of a fundamentally linguistic nature. The analysis of the devices contributing to the fantastic effect in Cunqueiro’s work highlights, for instance, the importance of mise en abyme and metaphorical metalepses as key means for creating a type of fantastic rooted not in perception but in language.
How can creative writing and reading aloud transform the stories told by people in fertility treatment?
No full textCette étude explore le potentiel thérapeutique de l'écriture créative facilitée pour les personnes suivant un traitement contre l'infertilité. Sur fond de crise de fertilité au Danemark et dans le monde occidental, la recherche examine comment les pratiques narratives peuvent alléger le fardeau psychologique souvent ressenti durant le traitement. S’appuyant sur des théories issues des études littéraires, de la philosophie et de la psychologie, l’étude analyse un atelier d’écriture en six séances réunissant 12 participants. Grâce à l’écriture créative, les participants ont développé une compréhension plus profonde de leurs expériences émotionnelles. Les lectures en groupe des textes écrits ont favorisé des pratiques de lecture transformatrices, classées en quatre types : cocréation, exploration, réflexion et expansion. L’écriture créative et la lecture en groupe ont permis aux participants de remodeler leur identité narrative et d’améliorer ainsi la communication avec leurs proches. Les résultats suggèrent que l’écriture créative, bien que n’étant pas une thérapie en soi, peut avoir des effets thérapeutiques ; cependant, des recherches supplémentaires sont nécessaires pour le confirmer. L’étude souligne la valeur de l’herméneutique narrative dans les contextes de santé et appelle à une intégration plus large de l’écriture créative dans les soins aux patients.This study explores the therapeutic potential of facilitated creative writing for people undergoing fertility treatment. Against the backdrop of a fertility crisis in Denmark and the Western world, the research investigates how narrative practices can alleviate the psychological burden often experienced during fertility treatment. Drawing on theories from literary studies, philosophy and psychology, the study analyses a six-session writing workshop involving 12 participants. Through creative writing, participants developed a deeper understanding of their emotional experiences. Group readings of the written texts fostered transformative reading practices, categorized into four types: co-creation, exploration, reflection, and expansion. Writing and reading aloud enabled participants to reshape their narrative identities and thereby improve communication with their relatives. The findings suggest that creative writing, while not a therapy per se, can have therapeutic effects; however, further research is needed to substantiate this. The study highlights the value of narrative hermeneutics in health contexts and calls for broader integration of creative writing into patient care