HAL-Ecole des Ponts ParisTech
Not a member yet
42743 research outputs found
Sort by
A novel approach to feedback control with deep reinforcement learning
No full textInternational audienceWe present a novel approach to feedback control design by leveraging the power of deep reinforcement learning (RL). The goal is to blend the RL methodology with mathematical analysis to extract an explicit feedback control for systems where, because of constraints or limited measurements, the classical approaches of control theory (e.g. dynamical programming, optimal control-based feedback, backstepping, etc.) cannot be used.We study a dynamical system of mosquito populations for biological pest control using the Sterile InsectTechnique (SIT), a method traditionally applied in agriculture that involves releasing large numbers of sterile insects into the wild to reduce pest populations. Our goal is to derive a feedback control that globally stabilizes the system around the zero-mosquito equilibrium using only practical measurements, such as total male and female mosquito counts, rather than detailed counts of sterilized versus potent males or fecund versus unfecund females, which are often not accessible. This physical constraint presents challenges for classical methods control theory, as the full state cannot be measured. To address this, we apply deep reinforcement learning to suggest feedback laws for a discretized system that only rely on these accessible, real-world measurements, obtainable through methods like pheromone traps. Finally, we leverage the trained neural network to extract explicit feedback controls that stabilize the original continuous system over a wide range of initial conditions.Many other dynamical systems arising from practical applications are subject to measurement constraints, which render the stabilization problem complex from a mathematical perspective. We believe that this approach could help in finding new solutions to these problems
National Report on the Regulatory System of EEPs - ReHousIn: Contextualized pathways to Reduce Housing Inequalities in the green and digital transition
No full textThe reports examine the economic mechanisms, norms, and institutional and contextual factors that shape the Energy and Environmental Policies (EEPs) in nine selected countries from 1990: Austria, France, Hungary, Italy, Norway, Poland, Spain, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. The main objective is to provide a national assessment of EEPs regulatory systems in the nine countries, with a focus on housing retrofitting, nature-based solutions, and densification policies
Tax Design, Information, and Elasticities: Evidence From the French Wealth Tax
No full textUsing exhaustive administrative wealth and income tax data, we study a French wealth tax reform that scaled back information reporting requirements below a certain wealth threshold. We develop a dynamic bunching approach that permits estimating the average response to the reform, the share of compliers, and the LATE. Reported wealth declines sharply in response to the reform and annual wealth growth rates are on average 20% lower among affected taxpayers. This decline appears due to increased evasion facilitated by the lower reporting requirements, as suggested by the fall in self-reported wealth but the lack of response in third-party-reported labor and capital incomes. By contrast, the elasticities to tax rates estimated are very small and insignificant. This illustrates the critical role of information reporting policies in shaping taxpayers' behavior
Capacity investment decisions in equilibrium: a distributionally robust approach
No full textInternational audienc
Media Coverage of Immigration and the Polarization of Attitudes
No full textInternational audienceThis paper investigates the effect of media coverage on immigration attitudes. It combines data on immigration coverage in French television with individual panel data from 2013 to 2017 that records respondents' preferred television channel and attitudes toward immigration. The analysis focuses on within-individual variations over time, addressing ideological self-selection into channels. We find that increased coverage of immigration polarizes attitudes, with initially moderate individuals becoming more likely to report extremely positive and negative attitudes. This polarization is mainly driven by an increase in the salience of immigration, which reactivates pre-existing prejudices, rather than persuasion effects from biased news consumption
Free Trade Agreements and the movement of business people
No full textInternational audienceUsing provisions to ease the movement of business visitors in trade agreements, we show that removing barriers to the movement of business people promotes trade. We document the increasing complexity of Free Trade Agreements (FTAs) and develop an algorithm that combines machine learning and text analysis techniques to examine the content of FTAs. We use the algorithm to determine which FTAs include provisions to facilitate the movement of business people and whether these are included in dispute settlement mechanisms. We show that provisions facilitating business travel are effective in promoting them and eventually increase bilateral trade flows. The paper provides (indirect) evidence of the role of face-to-face interaction on aggregate bilateral trade flows
Observatoire Mondial des Plateformes Numériques de Mobilité Partagée (OMPMP)
No full textInternational audienc
Learning About Opportunity: Spillovers of Elite School Admissions in Peru
No full textInternational audienceLearning About Opportunity: Spillovers of Elite School Admissions in Per