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Modeling & Control of the offshore wind energy using PMSG & Batteries to Grid
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Stilbenoids as Promising Natural Product-Based Solutions in a Race against Mycotoxigenic Fungi: A Comprehensive Review
No full textInternational audienceExposure to mycotoxins can pose a variety of adverse health effects to mammals. Despite dozens of mycotoxin decontamination strategies applied from pre- to postharvest stages, it is always challenging to guarantee a safe level of these natural toxic compounds in food and feedstuffs. In the context of the increased occurrence of drug-resistance strains of mycotoxin-producing fungi driven by the overuse of fungicides, the search for new natural-product-based solutions is a top priority. This review aims to shed a light on the promising potential of stilbenoids extracted from renewable agricultural wastes (e.g., grape canes and forestry byproducts) as antimycotoxin agents. Deeper insights into the mode of actions underlying the bioactivity of stilbenoid molecules against fungal pathogens, together with their roles in plant defense responses, are provided. Safety aspects of these natural compounds on humans and ecology are discussed. Perspectives on the development of stilbenoid-based formulations using encapsulation technology, which allows the bypassing of the limitations related to stilbenoids, particularly low aqueous solubility, are addressed. Optimistically, the knowledge gathered in the present review supports the use of currently underrated agricultural byproducts to produce stilbenoid-abundant extracts with a high efficiency in the mitigation of mycotoxins in food and feedstuffs
Un état d’exception colonial dans la gestion des carrières ? Enseignements des enquêtes de police sur les fonctionnaires affectés dans les départements d’outre-mer français au cours des années 1960
No full textInternational audienceIl s'agit à travers cette communication de présenter les premiers enseignements tirés du dépouillement d'un fonds constitué par les rapports d'enquête effectués sur les fonctionnaires susceptibles d'être affectés dans les départements d'outre-mer (DOM) au cours des années 1960. Quelles étaient les activités qui faisaient l'objet d'une attention particulière du ministère en charge des DOM en vue de nourrir l'avis délivré sur ces affectations ? Après avoir resitué le contexte historique du tournant des années 1950 et 1960, les mesures juridiques d'exception dans la gestion des affectations auxquelles il a donné lieu, et la manière dont il a pu permettre au tout jeune ministère en charge des DOM de s'imposer dans certains arbitrages interministériels et gouvernementaux, la communication évoque les éléments les plus saillants mis en exergue dans les dossiers, en les reliant à ce contexte. On observe une attention principale au militantisme autonomiste et communiste des candidats à une affectation dans ces départements, qui pourrait tendre à se durcir à la fin de la décennie, mais également le recueil d'informations sur leur moralité et leur honorabilité, qui apparaissent faire l'objet d'une régulation des conduites, témoignant de formes de persistance de l'attention portée auparavant aux conduites socialement déviantes des agents coloniaux. L'ensemble de ces éléments montrent en tout cas la mise en oeuvre dans les DOM d'un régime d'exception dans l'affectation des fonctionnaires dans des départements français. Laquelle participe aussi de la normalisation, au cours de ces premières années d'existence, d'une centralité du ministère en charge des DOM dans le paysage administratif pour ce qui concerne les dossiers en lien avec les territoires concernés
Le règlement (CE) n° 864/2007 du 11 juillet 2007 sur la loi applicable aux obligations non contractuelles (Rome II)
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D’une possible culture partagée au renforcement des frontières institutionnelles. Le cas des élèves allophones en situation de handicap
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La participation sociale des usagers : une injonction au risque de la reconnaissance et de la stigmatisation
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La mise en œuvre du paradigme inclusif à partir des relations inter-institutionnelles
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Comparison between shadow imaging and in-line holography for measuring droplet size distributions
No full textInternational audienceAbstract A direct comparison of the droplet size and number measurements using in-line holography and shadow imaging is presented in three dynamically evolving laboratory scale experiments. The two experimental techniques and image processing algorithms used to measure droplet number and radii are described in detail. Droplet radii as low as r = 14 µm are measured using in-line holography and r = 50 µm using shadow imaging. The droplet radius measurement error is estimated using a calibration target (reticle) and it was found that the holographic technique is able to measure droplet radii more accurately than shadow imaging for droplets with r ≤ 625 µm. Using the measurements of droplet number and size we quantitatively cross-validate and assess the accuracy of the two measurement techniques. The droplet size distributions, N ( r ), are measured in all three experiments and are found to agree well between the two measurement techniques. In one of the laboratory experiments, simultaneous measurements of droplets ( r ≥ 14 µm, using holography) and dry aerosols ( 0.07 ⪅ r ⪅ 2 µm, using an scanning mobility particle sizer and 0.15 ⪅ r ⪅ 5 µm using an optical particle sizer) are reported, one of the first such comparison to the best of our knowledge. The total number and volume of droplets is found to agree well between both techniques in the three experiments. We demonstrate that a relatively simple shadow imaging technique can be just as reliable when compared to a more sophisticated holographic measurement technique over their common droplet radius measurement range. The agreement in results is shown to be valid over a large range of droplet concentrations, which include experiments with relatively sparse droplet concentrations as low as 0.02 droplets per image. Advantages and disadvantages for the two techniques are discussed in the context of our results. The main advantages to in-line holography are the greater accuracy in droplet radius measurement, greater spatial resolution, larger depth of field, and the high repetition rate and short pulse duration of the laser light source. In comparison, the main advantages to shadow imaging are the simpler experimental setup, image processing algorithm, and fewer computer resources necessary for image processing. Droplet statistics like number and size are found to be very reliable between the two methods for large range of droplet densities, P r > 50 , ranging from 10 - 4 ≤ P r > 50 ≤ 10 - 1 cm - 3 , when the two techniques are implemented as shown in this paper
A Circularly Polarized Parallel Plate Waveguide Lens-Like Multiple-Beam Linear Array Antenna for Satcom Applications
No full textInternational audienceThis work presents a full metal circularly-polarized lens-like antenna for Satcom applications at Ka-band. The antenna is composed of two continuous parallel plate waveguide (PPW) quasi-optical beamformers (QOBF), feeding an array of septum polarizers to generate circular polarization. The QOBFs operate over a wide band and provide a multi-beam coverage over a large field of view in the azimuthal plane, while maintaining a relatively simple mechanical design. The array of septum polarizers is based on a stepped profile to generate circular polarization with a good polarization purity in the uplink of Ka-band (27 - 31 GHz). The antenna is fully realized in aluminium. The antenna system provides 14 beams with alternating right/left handed circular polarization (RHCP/LHCP) with an axial ratio (AR) below 3 Db over an angular range of +/- 19 degrees in the uplink of Ka-Band. The maximum gain in the azimuthal plane at 30 GHz is about 21 dB over the whole angular range, with a scan loss lower than 1.5 dB. The antenna efficiency is better than 78% for all beams in the operative band
