Portal of Cihan University-Erbil Scientific Journals
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Energy Management in Wireless Sensor Networks for Internet of Things Applications
No full textInternet of things (IoT) aims to develop a smart world based on sensing environment. The energy management of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is a big challenge in IoT since sensor nodes have limited energy and they need to have long life for collecting data and information. The aim of this paper is to propose an efficient energy routing algorithm in WSN and infrastructure based on construction an adaptive energy map of sensor nodes. The results show improvement in overall system performance and lifetime of WSN compared to traditional scenario
Performance Evaluation and Simulation of M-Ary Quadrature Amplitude Modulation Schemes with VisSim/Comm Software
No full textM-ary modulation schemes are considered one of widely used digital modulation in practice because of its high efficiency in power and bandwidth. Therefore, this necessity the need to study and evaluate the performance of M-ary schemes using simulation techniques. In this paper, the performance of M-ary modulations schemes M-ary quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) is considered. Because of its efficiency in power and bandwidth, M-ary QAM (M-QAM) is one of the widely used modulation techniques in practice. Therefore, a need for studying and evaluating the performance of QAM modulation schemes is an important task for designers. In this paper, M-QAM modulation schemes for even number of bits per symbol (16, 62, and 256-QAM) and an odd number of bits per symbol (32- and 128-QAM), over Additive White Gaussian Noise channel, are studied. A VisSim/Comm simulation[1] model for M-QAM is designed. Theoretical and simulation results for bit error ratio (BER) performance of QAM modulation schemes are obtained using VisSim/Comm software. The results are evaluated and compared
Design and Implementation a Non-uniform Helical Antenna in Frequency Range of 450–850 MHz for Ultra-high-frequency Television Application
No full textIn a domestic region, the people are living inside cities, they complaining from the weak of local TV broadcasting signals in frequency range of 450–850 MHz, in this paper try to get a solution by increase the gain antenna by design new antenna have a wideband and high gain compare with antennas are available in the local market. A non-uniform helical antenna designed using helical antenna calculator according to equations then implemented and measured the radiation pattern and gain of antenna, then compare with commercial loop antenna gain found increase in received power about 10–12 dB more than loop antenna gain. The results of measurement applied in Matlab program to draw the pattern of the antenna
Exploiting Wavelet Transform, Principal Component Analysis, Support Vector Machine, and K-Nearest Neighbors for Partial Face Recognition
No full textFacial analysis has evolved to be a process of considerable importance due to its consequence on the safety and security, either individually or generally on the society level, especially in personal identification. The paper in hand applies facial identification on a facial image dataset by examining partial facial images before allocating a set of distinctive characteristics to them. Extracting the desired features from the input image is achieved by means of wavelet transform. Principal component analysis is used for feature selection, which specifies several aspects in the input image; these features are fed to two stages of classification using a support vector machine and K-nearest neighborhood to classify the face. The images used to test the strength of the suggested method are taken from the well-known (Yale) database. Test results showed the eligibility of the system when it comes to identify images and assign the correct face and name
Improving the Level of Service of a Portion of 60-M Ring-Road in Erbil City
No full textThis study aims to implement the factors that can improve the level of service of 60-M Ring-Road in Erbil, Kurdistan Region of Iraq. These factors are minimizing the traffic volume, providing a higher quality pavement, widening the road carriageway, and constructing bridges. The main objective of this paper is to increase the LOS of a specific road known as 60-m ring road from New City Mall to PAR hospital in Erbil city. For this purpose, the data on speed and traffic flow are collected using video camera to collect data to be reasonably analyzed with respect to the speed of the vehicles and set the LOS for the proposed road. The result shows that average speed in this study is 19 km/h, and this confirms that the LOS in this particular road segment is at F category. In addition, the calculated peak hour factor is 0.97 which is more than a typical value in urban area. Finally, the study revealed that the traffic volume on this specified road is too high
In Vitro Screening of Seed Extracts of Medicinal Plants for Protease Inhibitory Activity
No full textProtease inhibitors (PIs) are deployed in the plant kingdom as storage proteins or peptides, regulators of endogenous proteases, and plant protection agents against insect pests and pathogen attack. In humans, they are identified as chemopreventive agents against a range of cancers and have potential as drug to treat an array of disease associated with aberrant activity of proteases. The present investigation reports PIs activity data from 30 medicinal plants. The screening for PIs activity was done by dot blot assay using X-ray film coated with gelatin. Among screened seed extracts, Albizia lebbeck, Raphanus sativus, Mucuna pruriens, Achyranthes aspera, and Coffea arabica showed high inhibitory activities with trypsin protease. Most of seed extracts exhibited moderate activity, whereas Ocimum sanctum showed moderate to low activity against trypsin. The presence of varied protein content is reported from all seed extracts with highest in A. lebbeck (50.0 ± 3.4 mg/ml). The data produced in the present investigation could be helpful for further exploration of PIs as therapeutic agent
Estimating Factors Affecting the Sustainable Environmental Development
No full textAn issue of Sustainable Environmental Development has occupied a wide range of interests of researchers and economists in some developing countries. The environmental issues are tightly linked to the development policies and the environmental grasp is no longer a matter of social welfare, but rather is a matter of economical; social and human dimensions. The research displays a concept of sustainable development, then estimating the impact of two variables: the economic development and the bio-ecological system on the sustainable development of some countries, including Iraq according to the fact that “increasing demand for foods and products in these countries has led them towards the intensive usage of natural resources which has, eventually, impairs the rates of development and contributes in the deterioration of bio-ecological system and impairs the sustainable development. The results of the analysis showed that the environmental ecosystem variable has a greater impact on sustainable environmental development than the economic development variable, which means that the environmental situation of some countries, especially the developing countries, continue to deteriorate, requiring all specialists and governments to make efforts to preserve the ecosystem for future generations
The Role of ISO 26000 in Achieving Organizational Citizenship: Analytical Study of Sample Managers from Industrial Companies in Erbil
No full textتتضح المشكلة الرئيسة لهذا البحث في التعرف على المدى الذي تقترب أو تبتعد به الشركات المبحوثة من تبني مباديء المسؤولية الإجتماعية للمواصفة الدولية ISO 26000، وتشخيص طبيعة العلاقة والأثر بين كل من تلك المبادىء وأبعاد سلوك المواطنة المنظمية.أعتمد البحث إسلوباً ومنهجاً تكاملياً جمع بين المنهج التأريخي، في إستيفاء متطلبات الجانب النظري للبحث ومنهج دراسة الحالة متمثلاً بالزيارات الميدانية لمنظمات عينة البحث وإجراء المقابلات الشخصية والإطلاع على الوثائق والبيانات والملفات ذات الصلة بموضوع البحث. إلى جانب توزيع إستمارة الإستبانة المعتمدة ضمن هذا البحث بغية إستيفاء متطلبات الجانب العملي للبحث.وقد توصل هذا البحث إلى جملة من الإستنتاجات أبرزها تطابق أنشطة الشركات عينة البحث مع مباديء المسؤولية الإجتماعية على وفق المواصفة الدولية أيزو 26000وبمستوى فوق الجيد. وإن هناك علاقة طردية ومعنوية، وذات تأثير معنوي ذو دلالة إحصائية، بين كل مبدأ من مباديء المسؤولية الإجتماعية على حده (القابلية للمسائلة، والشفافية، والسلوك الأخلاقي, واحترام مصالح الأطراف المعنية, واحترام سيادة القانون, واحترام المعايير الدولية للسلوك, واحترام حقوق الأنسان) وسلوك المواطنة المنظمية. وإن علاقة الإرتباط بين احترام المعايير الدولية للسلوك وسلوك المواطنة المنظمية هي أقوى العلاقات بين المتغيرينThe main problem of this research is to identify the extent to which studied companies approach or move away from adopting the principles of social responsibility of ISO 26000, and to identify the nature of relationship and impact between each of these principles and the dimensions of organizational citizenship behavior. The research adopted an integrated method and methodology that combines the historical approach in meeting the requirements of the theoretical side of the research and the methodology of the case study represented by the field visits of the organizations of the research sample, conducting personal interviews and viewing the documents, data and files related to the research subject. In addition,to distributing the questionnaire approved in this research in order to meet the requirements of the practical aspect of the research. This study reached a number of conclusions, most notably the focus of attention on the principles of social responsibility in accordance with ISO 26000, and making it a working method at the level of organizations operating in the industrial sector in the region in general and studied companies in particular. In a manner that increases the levels of conformity between the activities of these companies and the principles of social responsibility in accordance with ISO 26000 and contributes to the achievement of the objectives of these companies. In addition to the necessity of working to strengthen the relationship between the principles of social responsibility and the behavior of organized citizenship, the results of this research have indicated a positive and moral relationship between the two variables, which positively reflects the work of these organizations and achieve their objective
Social Network Privacy Models: A Systematic Literature Review and Directions for Further Research
No full textPrivacy is a vital research field for social network (SN) sites (SNS), such as Facebook, Twitter, and Google+, where both the number of users and the number of SN applications are sharply growing. Recently, there has been an exponential increase in user-generated text content, mainly in terms of posts, tweets, reviews, and messages on SN. This increase in textual information introduces many problems related to privacy. Privacy is susceptible to personal behavior due to the shared online data structure of SNS. Therefore, this study will conduct a systematic literature review to identify and discuss the main privacy issues associated with SN, existing privacy models and the limitations and gaps in current research into SN privacy
Proposed Statistical model for Scoring and Ranking Sport Tournaments: Racquetball, Squash and Badminton
No full textA class of modification is proposed for calculating a score for each Player/team in Unbalanced Incomplete paired Comparisons Sports Tournaments. Many papers dealing with Balanced Incomplete Paired Comparison Sports Tournaments with at most one comparison per pair have appeared since 1950. However, little has been written about unbalanced situations in which the player /the team (object) ( j ) plays unequal number of games against the player/the team( m ) in a tournament, and the results of all games can be summarized in a Win-Lose matrix Y = { Yjm } , where Yjm = 1,0,1/2, respectively, according to as the player or the team ( j ) wins, losses or draws against the player or the team (m ). Published papers by Ramanujacharyulu (1964), Cowden, D.J. (1975), and David, H. A.(1988) have concentrated on the problem of converting the results of unbalanced incomplete paired comparison tournaments into rank with little consideration of the main relative ability on each player or team. We suggest (modification) another way of quantifying the outcomes of the games/tournaments, in particular, ratings on a scales, 0 to 5, 1 to 10 .ect. It is important to consider not only the vector Vj(d) or the vectors Sj, in scoring and ranking the k teams in such tournaments, but also the vector Zj, where Zj = Sj + SjRj, to take into account the ratio of the relative ability of each team ( Rj ). The proposed modification helps to introduce these methods for use in comparisons/games (tournaments), where the player/team are quantified on a special scale. e.g. 0-5, 1-10, ..etc. We conclude the following:- The scores stabilized to three decimal places at iteration 2 in Cowden’s method Vj(d) .see table(1.4). The scores stabilized to three decimal places at iteration 2 in David’s method Sj , and it’s modification Zj. The proposed modification (Zj) has the advantage of removing ties from David’s method (Sj), and hence it is the best method