Portal of Cihan University-Erbil Scientific Journals
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Educational Data Mining To Improve The Academic Performance in Higher Education
No full textGlobalization and Innovation are mainly consider the great interest public sector and private business in the world especially in the higher education institutions. Educational Data Mining is mainly one of the business processes nowadays that attempt to bring the global innovation through improving and enhancing their processes and procedures to fulfill all the requirements and needs of the students as well as the institutions. The Educational Data Mining considered mostly concern with any research concerning the applications of the data mining and developing innovative techniques for data mining (DM) in the educational sector. This study mainly combined the use of the powerful online E-learning management system (Moodle) with data mining tools to improve the performance and effectiveness of the learning and teaching manners by using the innovative daily data that collected from the educational institutions
The Comparative Study of Biaxial Bending Analysis of Steel Sections Using AISC and Eurocode Approaches
No full textABSTRACT
This study investigates the capacity of the steel section using both AISC and Eurocode approaches by Robot Structure Analysis software. Three types of steel sections were subject to biaxial bending by applying loads to both main axes and examined by both approaches. The concept of Fisher was also adopted as an approach. The findings suggested that the Eurocode approach is more conservative in the design of steel sections subject to biaxial bending as it takes into account the level at which the load is applied, the type of the section whether rolled or welded and its height-to-width ratio (lateral buckling effect), the effects which are not considered in AISC approach. The AISC approach considers the shear center of the section as the level at which the loads are applied. The conservatism of the results was more pronounced when the section is close to H-section. Fisher`s concept of structural design of biaxial bending of structural steel is more conservative than both AISC and Eurocode approaches of analysis
The Role of Measurement and Custom to Complete the Missing Evidence in Criminal Evidence
No full textان المبدأ الاساسي التي تحكم الادلة في الاثبات الجنائي سواء الصعيد الداخلي منها الصعيد الدولي الجنائي هو مبدا الاقتناع القضائي في تكوين قناعته بالنسبة لأي دليل . وهذا المبدأ لا يتحقق الا بوسائل معينة وضمن ضوابط محددة ومن ضمن هذه الوسائل القياس و العرف في استنباط القرينة القضائية لاستكمال اي دليل يعتريه شائبة النقص فان للقاضي الجنائي الاستعانة بتلك الوسائل المذكورة تحقيقا للعدالة الجنائية. ومبدا احقاق الحق ووضع الامور في نصابها وعدم افلات المجرمين من العقاب و الا يدان بريء بجريرة غيره و حسم القضايا بالسرعة الممكنة و تحقيق مبدا القضاء النزيه و العادل مما ينشده القضاة على الصعيدين الداخلي و الدوليThe basic principle that governs evidence in International and Internal criminal evidence is the principle of judicial conviction relation to any evidence. This principle can only be achieved by certain means within specific controls, among these means is the measurement and customary in devising the judicial presumption to complete any evidence to complete deficiency. The criminal judge may use the aforementioned means to achieve criminal justice, the principle of achieving right, putting things in perspective, Criminals do not go unpunished, innocent is not condemned, resolving cases as soon as possible, and achieving the principle of fair and just judiciary, which the judges seek internally and internationall
Kakai and Their Origins and Beliefs
No full textتبحث هذه الدراسة عن الأقلية الكاكائية التي تسكن غالبها في كردستان العراق، وهي مأخوذة من كلمة كاكه الكردية للدلالة على وجود الاحترام والتقدير والأخوة فيما بينهم أو بينهم وبين شيخهم، ودراسة الموضوع هذا مهم لاسيما للكرد المسلمين الذين يعيشون بجانبهم ولهم احتكاك بهم، وتعد الغموض في أصول هذه الديانة من أهم مشاكل هذه الدراسة، وقد اعتمدنا في البحث على المنهج الاستنباطي في أخذ الموضوعات المدروسة، مع نقل الآراء وعزو الأقوال معتمداً على المصادر الأصلية، والدقة فيها، مع اتباع المنهج التحليلي لما ننقلها. وتطرقنا إليهم من حيث تسمياتهم وأسبابها، وتاريخ نشأتها، وبيان الآراء حول من أسسها، وأصول عقيدتها وشعائرها ومقدساتها، ومواطن تواجدها، وذلك بالرجوع إلى الكتب المؤلفة عنها والدراسات التي تطرقت إلى بيانها، دراسة موضوعية تاريخية وعلمية، وفي الخاتمة استعرضت أهم ما توصلت إليه من نتائجThis study searches for the kakai minority that mostly resides in Iraqi Kurdistan, which is taken from the Kurdish word Kakah to denote the existence of respect and appreciation and brotherhood among them or between them and their sheikh, and this topic study is important especially for the Kurdish Muslims who live next to them and have contact with them, and the ambiguity is in the origins This religion is one of the most important problems of this study, and we have relied in the research on the deductive approach in taking the topics studied, with the transmission of opinions and the attribution of words based on the original sources, and accuracy in it, while following the analytical approach to what we transfer. We touched on them in terms of their names and their causes, the history of their origins, and the expression of opinions about its foundations, the origins of its creed, its rituals and sanctities, and the places of its existence, by referring to the books written about it and the studies that touched on its statement, an objective historical and scientific study, and in the conclusion I reviewed the most important findings of i
Investigating the Inhibitory Effect of Silver Nanoparticles against Some Species of Candida and Pathogenic Bacteria
No full textSilver nanoparticles synthesized from aqueous extract of mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus exhibited inhibitory effect at the concentration of 12.5, 25, 50, and 100 mg/ml against some pathogenic bacteria and fungi such as Candida albicans, Candida guilliermondii, Candida krusei, Candida zeylanoides, Geotrichum klebahnii, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli. The maximum inhibition zone was observed against C. zeylanoides at the concentration of 100 mg/ml was 24.5 mm, while the minimum inhibition zone was observed against Geotrichum at the concentration of 25 mg/ml was 8 mm and the concentration of 12.5 mg/ml was not effective against some species
Radish Juice Promote Kidney Stone Deposition in Ethylene Glycol-induced Urolithiasis in Rats
No full textUrolithiasis is a well-known problem that stones could form in various parts of the urinary system and it is the most common disease of the urinary tract. The current study was planned to investigate the effect of radish juice on ethylene glycol (EG)-induced urolithiasis. Twenty-one rats randomly divided into three groups. The first group was the control group was received normal standard diet and drinking water and the second group represented the model group received 0.75% EG in drinking water ad libitum. The third group received radish juice (2 ml/kg of body weight) by gavage plus EG (0.75%) in drinking water ad libitum. The experiment was conducted for 28 days. The light microscope examination revealed a disturbed histological architecture of the kidney tissues, including dilated renal tubules, aggregation of infiltrated leukocytes inflammatory cells, and crystal deposition in the model group. The EG plus radish juice treated rats showed higher crystal density with improved renal tubule structure and alleviated inflammation. Both treated groups showed various biochemical alterations compared to control group, but the most interest biochemical result was the significant decrease of malondialdehyde, a lipid peroxidation marker, and in the radish plus EG group compared to the EG group. Scanning electron microscopy showed clear structural detail about calcium oxalate crystals in which radish-treated group showed higher crystal deposition and calcified tissue compared to EG group. The present study concluded that radish juice promotes stone deposition but exerted an antioxidant effect
Client's Satisfaction Regarding Family Planning in Some of Primary Health Care Centers in Erbil City
No full textToday mothers or the clients who attending to hospitals or Primary Health Care Centers prefer high-quality care services so they interact everybody from the reception, admission staff, doctors, nurses, ward staff, ambulance, personnel, so clients are satisfied with health services if the physicians and nurses worked properly and with good quality. If the performance is good and perfect mothers or clients are highly satisfied. The objectives of the study are to identify the client’s satisfaction with family planning. A descriptive, cross-sectional design. Anon-probability convenient methods were used. The sample was included one hundred women who attended to Primary Health Care Centers in Erbil City. The study conducted in main primary Health Care Centers in Erbil from September 2015 to September 2016. The data collection was collected by the interview technique with clients and women depending on the questionnaire. The questionnaire was used for data collection, including three parts; part one socio-demographic characteristics for sample study and; part two included questions related to client's satisfaction regarding practices about family planning methods and; part three questions related to their satisfaction regarding knowledge of family planning methods, so depending on scoring system for data collection as (1 for Yes, and 2 for No). The study revealed that three levels of client’s satisfaction (good 23%, fair 44%, 33% bad) regarding family planning and there was no significant association between most of the variables and their satisfaction except their level of education and age so there was highly significant association between age, education level and their satisfaction with family planning knowledge and practices. Majority of the sample study were from urban, and most of them were illiterate. The study revealed that there were three levels of satisfaction about family planning, and there was no significant association between most of the variables and client’s satisfaction regarding family planning except age and their educational level so there was the highly significant association between these two variables and client’s satisfaction. .  
International Mechanisms for Protecting Human Rights Throughout United Nations
No full textتعتمد الامم المتحدة في سبيل أداء وظائفها على مجموعة من الاليات و الاجهزة و المنظمات و الهيئات التابعة لها و كل منها مناط بها مجموعة من الوظائف و المهمات الاقتصادية و الاجتماعية و السياسية و الانسانية في سبيل تعزيز التعاون الدولي في المجالات الاقتصادية والاجتماعية والثقافية والتعليمية والصحية والمساعدة في تعزيز حقوق الإنسان والحريات الأساسية و حمايتها، و على الرغم من إن حماية حقوق الانسان في الاصل هي من صلب أعمال السلطة التنفيذية و القضائية في الدولة ، و لكن ما هو الحال عندما تكون الدولة هي الجهة التي تنتهك مبادئ حقوق الانسان و بمسميات مختلفة و تحت ذريعة إستتباب الامن و الاستقرار و فرض النظام و خاصةً عندما تكون من التصرفات المتوقعة و النمطية للسلطة في دولة ما، و الذي ينبغي معهُ التدخل من الامم المتحدة و المنظمات الدولية سواء بطلب المنظمات المعنية بحقوق الانسان أو من قبل ذوي الضحايا، على الرغم من إن هذهِ التدخلات قد لا تصيب هدفها المنشود منها و الغرض الذي تم لإجلهِ التدخل و خاصةً في حال إستخدام القوة لدرع دولة ما عن تصرفاتها ، لما يشوب هذهِ التدخلات من معوقات و صعوبات تتنوع إلى سياسية أو إقتصادية، أو قانونية إو تمويلية.In order to perform its functions, the United Nations depends on a group of mechanisms, organs, organizations, and bodies affiliated to it, each of them is linked to it a set of economic, social, political and humanitarian functions and tasks in order to enhance international cooperation in the economic, social, cultural, educational, health and assistance fields. In the promotion and protection of human rights and fundamental freedoms, although the protection of human rights originally is at the core of the actions of the executive and judicial authorities in the state, but what is to be done when the state is the party that violates the principles of human rights? Under the pretext of establishing security, stability and imposing order, especially when it is one of the expected and typical behavior of power in a country, which the United Nations and international organizations, should intervene from either at the request of human rights organizations or by the families of the victims, Although these interventions may not achieve their desired goal and the purpose for which the intervention was taken , especially in the event that force is used to deter a country from its actions the obstacles and difficulties that accompany these interventions vary according to political, economic, legal, or financing
Significance of Hepatitis B Virus Diagnosis by Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction over Serological Markers in Hepatitis B Virus Patients
No full textHepatitis B virus (HBV) is the leading cause of viral hepatitis, as currently over 2 billion people have HBV infection worldwide. Nucleic acid assay and quantitative hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) have been developed for diagnostic and therapeutic monitoring of patients with HBV infection. These tests might also show correlation between HBV DNA and HBs serostatus. The study aimed to find and analyze the frequency and impact of HBsAg seropositivity among patients revealed HBV DNA negative level through quantitative estimation of both seromarkers. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Elecsys assays were used for quantitative estimation of HBV DNA and HBs antigen, respectively. A total of 256 blood samples were used from patients referred for either diagnostic purpose and/or HBV viral load monitoring after antiviral therapy. Blood profile analysis showed 12.26% HBs antigen seropositivity among patients revealed negative for nucleic acid assay for HBV DNA. Positive HBs antigen titers ranged from 1000–50,000 COI, with seronegative anti-HBs antibody test for all samples tested positive for HBs antigen. This study delineated that negative or undetectable quantitation of HBV DNA level does not exclude HBV infection; as the level might fluctuate in different phases of HBV replication. This gives an impression and raising a question about significance of replacing test for HBsAg with quantitation of HBV DNA PCR assay. Thus, the study refers to a special HBV profile outside the classical pattern
Study the Prevalence, Characteristics of Mothers and Associated Risk Factors of Pica Eating among Pregnant Women: A Cross Sectional Study
No full textEating disorder is a common phenomenon accompanying pregnancy including ingestioning non-nutrtitve substances. Causes of pica are uncertain. The purpose of this study therofre is to assesse prevalnce, characteretics and risk factos of pica among Kurdish pregnant women. A cross sectioal study was conducted in Iraqi Kurdistan and the information regarding sociodemographic infromation, prevalence and characterestics of and risk facros were collected. Four hundred woment were registered and interviewed for this study. The resuslts: data showed that prevalence of pica was 60.5% (242), and the most frequenct forms of pica eaten were pagophagia and geaphagia and amylophagia by 29.7% (119), 25.3% (101) and 12.5% (50) respectively. Data showed that pica is related to mother education (P=0.011), mother occupation (P=0.002), living place( P=0.011), health complication duering pregnancy ( P=0.018) and affects bread feeding (P=0.040). Baby gender, mother age, Iron suppelemtation, hisotry of child abortion and economic satisfacton weren not signicantly associated to pica eating. The results also showed that psychlogical factors for pica eating was reduce nausia, amilearate stress and axiety and very fewer pregnant used to control hunger. Conclusion: Mother should check for any health complication before pregnancy and receive enough and regualr check as well as edcuate themselves regarding consequence of pica. Also psychological consultation is important throughout pregnancy period