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NUMBERS AND CHRONICLES OF MULTIPLE MYELOMA INCIDENCE MORTALITY AND PREVALENCE ACROSS REGIONS: REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE WITH SEER DATA ANALYSIS
No full textGlobal and regional data reveal a sustained rise in incident and prevalent multiple myeloma with crude deaths increasing through population ageing, while age standardized mortality has remained broadly stable. Men are affected more than women and ancestry strongly shapes risk, with the highest incidence and mortality in Black populations and the lowest in Asian and Pacific Islander groups. East Asia shows the fastest proportional growth, whereas the absolute burden is greatest in high income regions. Presentation remains dominated by organ damage and advanced stage in several Middle Eastern and African cohorts. Survival has improved across periods and age groups with wider use of proteasome inhibitors, immunomodulatory agents, autologous transplantation and anti CD38 antibodies, though early mortality persists in the oldest patients and outcomes vary by site and capacity of care. High body mass index is the only quantified modifiable contributor in global attribution analyses. Survivorship includes a measurable risk of second primary malignancies, enriched for hematologic cancers. Forecasts to mid century attribute most growth to demographics and anticipate increases in cases and deaths despite stable or falling age standardized rates in some settings. Treated epidemiology is shifting toward earlier use of lenalidomide and anti CD38 therapy, rising double refractoriness, and attrition between lines, highlighting the need for timely diagnosis, infection and renal management, equitable access, and planning for advanced immunotherapies
IMPACT OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY ON HEALTH AND AGING: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF BENEFITS FOR OLDER ADULTS
No full textIntroduction: The global aging trend poses major challenges for healthcare systems striving to preserve older adults’ health and well-being. Physical activity stands out as an accessible, low-cost preventive measure that supports both physical and cognitive vitality.
Aim of the study: This systematic review evaluates current research on the effects of physical activity on health and aging, focusing on its physiological, psychological, and social benefits for individuals aged 60 and older.
Methodology: Peer-reviewed studies indexed in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were analyzed. Eligible papers examined the health outcomes of various physical activity forms among older adults.
Results: Evidence consistently indicates that regular physical activity improves cardiovascular efficiency, muscle strength, and bone density, while reducing fall risk. It also enhances cognitive function and mitigates symptoms of depression and anxiety. Socially, active older adults report greater independence, life satisfaction, and community participation.
Conclusions: Consistent physical activity is an effective and essential component of healthy aging. Its inclusion in public health strategies should be prioritized to improve older adults’ quality of life. Future research should refine exercise guidelines and adapt interventions to diverse health and psychosocial conditions in aging populations
CAR-T IMMUNOTHERAPY IN VARIOUS LYMPHOMAS – AN OVERVIEW INCLUDING THE LATEST STUDIES FROM 2017–2025
No full textThe review presents the development and current applications of CAR-T (chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy) in the treatment of various forms of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma between 2017 and 2025. CAR-T cell immunotherapy, based on the genetic modification of the patient's autologous T cells to recognize the CD19 antigen, has revolutionized the treatment of lymphomas resistant to standard methods. Major clinical trials, such as, have confirmed the high efficacy of CAR-T therapy in patients with relapsed or refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). The complete remission (CR) rates achieved ranged from 40% to 54%, with an acceptable safety profile, mainly including cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and neurotoxicity.
In subsequent years, the use of CAR-T was extended to other subtypes of lymphoma. The data collected confirm that CAR-T therapies against CD19 provide high efficacy and durable remissions in numerous types of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, including in treatment-resistant patients. Despite the risks of CRS and neurotoxicity, modern supportive care regimens and improvements in CAR design have improved the safety of the therapy.
The conclusions indicate that CAR-T immunotherapy has become a key element in the treatment of lymphoproliferative malignancies, and ongoing research is focused on earlier use of this method, combination therapy with checkpoint inhibitors, and the development of CARs targeting new antigens (CD20, CD22, BCMA)
THE INFLUENCE OF CAREER CHOICE MOTIVATION ON STUDENT’S PROFESSIONAL ORIENTATION AND DEVELOPMENT
No full textSince the early 19th century, research on motivation has been extensive. American psychologists A. Maslow and V. Frankl explored motivation in relation to needs, leading to ongoing experimental research. From 1980 onwards, motivation became a distinct subject of experimental inquiry, reflecting human reality by guiding behaviors and actions.
Researchers have focused on motivation in connection with needs, emphasizing individuals' intrinsic readiness to engage actively in specific areas. Needs drive human activities and behavior, determining orientation and actions. Human motivation is diverse, influenced by factors like needs, desires, passions, and interests, with actions often driven by multiple motives.
Choosing a profession involves interests, talents, psychology, physical development, and social attitudes, determining one's role in society and life path. To make an informed decision, individuals must assess their talents, knowledge, and opportunities, selecting a profession that aligns with their personal characteristics and qualities for productive study and performance.
In today's society, young people often prioritize professions based on reputation and prestigious schools, influenced by the desire to please others. University enrollment typically includes individuals aged 16-20, navigating self-discovery as they solidify their self-image and focus on academic and professional pursuits for independent life.
Motivation is crucial in profession selection, requiring a deep understanding of the profession's attributes. Positive or intrinsic motivation drives students to engage creatively in learning tasks, work with determination, and maintain a favorable outlook, enhancing professional orientation and interest.
In modern social and economic development, the demand for specialists and expectations are constantly evolving. University training plays a vital role in shaping professional orientation, explored in disciplines like anthropology, philosophy, sociology, pedagogy, and psychology. Adolescence is a critical stage for choosing a career path, necessitating exploration of the psychological and social factors influencing decision-making
EFFECTS OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY ON CHILDREN’S DEVELOPMENT – A REVIEW
No full textIntroduction: Physical activity is vital for the holistic development of children, benefiting physical, cognitive, social, and emotional domains. Engaging in regular physical activities from an early age fosters a healthy body, emotional and social well-being, and cognitive development.
Aim: This study explores the diverse benefits of physical activity on childhood development, focusing on physical health, cognitive functions, social skills, and emotional well-being.
Materials and Methods: A comprehensive literature review was conducted, analyzing existing research on the impact of physical activity on various aspects of childhood development. Searches were performed across databases such as PubMed and Google Scholar using keywords like "childhood physical activity" and "childhood sport."
Results: Physical activity promotes healthy growth, enhances cardiovascular and musculoskeletal health, and helps maintain a healthy weight, reducing obesity risks. It improves memory, attention, and executive functions, contributing to better academic performance. Socially, it fosters peer relationships, enhances social skills, and cultivates leadership qualities. Emotionally, it aids in emotional regulation, boosts self-esteem, and reduces anxiety and depression.
Discussion: The findings highlight the multifaceted benefits of physical activity on children's development, corroborating existing literature. Despite robust evidence, limitations such as reliance on self-reported data and cross-sectional study designs constrain causal inferences. Future research should use objective measures and longitudinal approaches, considering interactions with diet, sleep, and lifestyle factors.
Conclusion: Physical activity significantly benefits childhood development across physical, cognitive, social, and emotional domains. Addressing limitations in existing research will enhance the understanding and application of physical activity in promoting holistic child development
THE CRUCIAL ROLE OF OIL SPILL ON THE ENVIRONMENT
Get PDFThe world's primary energy oil and gas integration into ecosystems poses a substantial risk to both public health and the environment. Protecting these resources over thousands of miles is a tough job, but the first step is knowing what is there to protect.
Research proposes strategies for reducing oil pollution and its impact to ecological footprint. Effective emergency cleaning procedures and well-established cleanup efforts, along with financial compensation for affected areas, is of vital importance because of the societal, economic, and environmental impacts of oil spills
THE MODERATING INFLUENCE OF MANAGERIAL COMMITMENT ON ECO-EFFICIENCY PRACTICES AND COST MANAGEMENT: INSIGHTS FROM WEST AFRICAN ENTERPRISES
Get PDFThis study investigates the interrelationships among eco-efficiency initiatives, managerial commitment, and cost control within organizational contexts. Utilizing structural equation modeling, the research examines the direct influence of eco-efficiency initiatives on cost control, as well as the moderating effect of managerial commitment on this relationship. The findings reveal that eco-efficiency initiatives exert a substantial positive impact on cost control (path coefficient = 0.507, p = 0.000). Furthermore, managerial commitment not only directly strengthens cost control (path coefficient = 0.259, p = 0.016) but also amplifies the link between eco-efficiency initiatives and cost control (path coefficient = 0.105, p = 0.047). These results underscore the importance of synergizing eco-efficiency strategies with robust managerial engagement to optimize cost management and advance sustainable organizational outcomes. The study provides actionable insights into how environmental stewardship and leadership dedication can enhance cost efficiency, offering practical recommendations for businesses pursuing sustainability and long-term competitiveness
A BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF CYBER SECURITY RISK DISCLOSURE
Get PDFAlong with experiencing significant financial losses due to data breaches in the company. To attract stakeholders' attention, companies need to disclose the cyber risks they face. This study aims to explain the progress and patterns in cyber risk disclosure and the variables that are often associated with the practice. The research used a systematic literature review of 155 research articles from Scopus (2020-2024) using the keywords cybersecurity disclosure in the fields of computer science, social science, business management, accounting, economics, and finance. Data was limited to English journal articles and analysed using bibliometric analysis with the VOS viewer application. The results show that research on cyber risk disclosure in Scopus.com is still limited, but shows an increasing trend in various countries' companies. The cited articles are identified as references for future research. On accounting conceptualisations regarding the voluntary disclosure of such corporate social responsibility information related to cyber risk threats.
ENERGY EFFICIENCY PREDICTION BASED ON THE INTEGRATION OF PHOTOVOLTAIC SOLAR PANELS AS A DOUBLE SKIN FACADE IN EXISTING OFFICE BUILDINGS
Get PDFThe objective of this research is to address issues related to the energy efficiency of administrative buildings. The energy renovation of buildings using photovoltaic systems as a second skin offers several advantages, including: The integration of solar PV systems into the building’s exterior envelope appears effective and promising for the future facades of existing administrative buildings, where these systems offer renewable energy production and improving the building’s interior comfort. To adjust the energy efficiency of office buildings, this study provides a step-by-step process for predicting the energy efficiency of integrating these PV systems. The main steps of the approach are: (1) studying the environment and thermal potential of buildings using a "Testo 865" thermal camera and a "Testo 830-T2" infrared thermometer; (2) proposing the double-skin facade (DSF) system; (3) calculating the efficiency of these PV systems by applying a calculation formula for PV system production. The results demonstrated that the maximum efficiency of the PV systems, depending on the cases of the studied buildings, can reach up to 32% of the total annual electrical consumption. The PV system can become a second skin for the existing facade, helping to minimize energy consumption while improving the thermal performance and appearance of existing administrative buildings
SOCIAL PERCEPTIONS AND ATTITUDES TOWARDS WASTE MANAGEMENT
Get PDFAs the global population grows, an abundance of products are being produced to fulfill endless demands, leading to a corresponding rise in waste and associated challenges. Waste sorting is the most efficient method to decrease waste volume, and addressing waste-related issues requires universal recognition of the significance of waste sorting and its integration into daily routines - recycling waste and repurposing items that may be unwanted by some but valuable to others. Waste education is crucial in raising awareness about the importance of reducing, reusing, and recycling waste.
This study explores public perceptions and attitudes toward waste management in Mongolia, focusing on Ulaanbaatar. The increase in waste generation due to population growth, urbanization, and industrialization has made effective waste management a crucial issue.
The research examines citizen’s awareness, knowledge, and practices related to waste sorting and recycling using survey data. Results show that majority of respondents sometimes sort their waste, while some of them do not sort at all, indicating limited awareness and infrastructure challenges. A majority of participants rated Ulaanbaatar's waste management as poor, but most of them acknowledged recycling as an effective waste processing method.
The study highlights gaps in education and information dissemination, with more than sixty present of citizens reporting minimal exposure to waste separation education. The study underscores the need for early childhood education on waste management, ongoing training for citizens and producers, targeted information campaigns, and increased public involvement to establish sustainable waste management practices.
Recommendations include improving waste collection infrastructure, implementing educational programs, and promoting community participation in waste management planning