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NARCISSISTIC FUNCTIONING IN DRUG ADDICTS: A PSYCHOPATHOLOGICAL STUDY USING THE RORSCHACH TEST
Get PDFThe fragility of narcissistic functioning observed in individuals with drug addiction was highlighted in a compulsive and urgent manner through a projective psychopathological study. The results were analyzed using a psychoanalytic framework focused on chronic addiction cases of various types. This analysis was based on three Rorschach test protocols and an examination of the "mental status" Data were gathered through a qualitative projective psychoanalytic method, which revealed a profoundly disturbed psychological state. This condition was marked by severe difficulties in self-representing and an inability to integrate the body image, largely due to intense anxiety linked to feelings of disintegration and annihilation. Furthermore, identity instability emerged as a core disturbance, significantly impairing the individual's capacity to maintain a stable narcissistic foundation
A SYSTEMS APPROACH TO SECURITY IS BECOMING THE FUNDAMENTAL BASIS FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Get PDFIn order to effectively address any issue, it is essential to have a strong and scientifically grounded conceptual foundation. This requirement is crucial not only for scientific advancements, but also for the development of security and development strategies that are rooted in fundamental principles and concepts. Therefore, this article seeks to explore the interplay between system security and development through a systems approach in conjunction with risk analysis, aiming to contribute to fostering mutual understanding and a cohesive approach to sustainable development. The article covers two main areas: firstly, the theory and methodology of security studies, the patterns associated with its evolution, and the global community's focus on this issue; and secondly, methodological recommendations for ensuring the sustainable development of systems
THE IMPACT OF ACTIVE OR PAST MATERNAL ANOREXIA NERVOSA ON FETAL GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT
Get PDFIntroduction: Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a psychiatric eating disorder that disrupts the hypothalamic–pituitary–ovarian axis, often causing amenorrhea and delaying conception. Although remission can restore fertility, both active and past AN are linked to obstetric and neonatal complications.
Aim of the Study: We aimed to systematically review the current knowledge about the effect of maternal anorexia nervosa on fetal growth and development.
Methodology: PubMed was searched (2005–2025) for original English clinical studies on maternal AN and fetal outcomes; reviews, case reports, and non‐clinical articles were excluded, resulting in 17 eligible full‐text studies.
Results: The most consistently reported finding was a significantly lower birth weight in infants born to mothers with a history of past or active AN. The main cause of low birth weight was low maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and insufficient weight gain during pregnancy. Other common adverse neonatal outcomes included small-for-gestational-age, preterm birth, and reduced head circumference, the latter being associated with potential neurocognitive developmental delays. The risk of complications was markedly higher for women with active AN during pregnancy.
Conclusions: Maternal AN increases the risk of adverse obstetric and neonatal outcomes. Multidisciplinary care with careful monitoring of maternal weight, nutritional status, and mental health is essential to minimize risks and optimize perinatal outcomes
CULTURAL AND BIOCLIMATIC INSIGHTS FROM THE VERNACULAR ARCHITECTURE OF THE CASBAH OF ALGIERS: A MODEL FOR SUSTAINABLE FUTURE
Get PDFThe Casbah of Algiers, a UNESCO World Heritage site, exemplifies the ingenuity of Mediterranean vernacular architecture and the enduring interplay between built form, climate, and culture. This study explores the bioclimatic principles inherent in the urban fabric and architectural typologies of the Casbah, emphasizing their relevance to sustainable design in Mediterranean climates. It examines how traditional construction techniques, spatial organization, and local materials optimize thermal comfort and energy efficiency while supporting vibrant cultural and social practices. Through on-site observations, photographic documentation, and an examination of socio-cultural dynamics, the research assesses the resilience of the architecture and community of the Casbah. The findings highlight the effectiveness of compact urban morphology, shaded courtyards, thick masonry walls, and community-centred spaces in providing passive cooling, fostering social cohesion, and conserving energy, thereby reducing dependence on mechanical systems. The study advocates integrating these bioclimatic and cultural strategies into contemporary urban design to create resilient and environmentally harmonious spaces that honour cultural heritage while addressing modern challenges. By bridging traditional knowledge, social practices, and modern approaches, this research contributes to the discourse on sustainable development, underscoring the enduring value of vernacular architecture for climate-responsive, socially inclusive, and culturally rooted design solutions
THE IMPACT OF ORAL HEALTH ON HUMAN SECURITY
Get PDFTo comply with the guidelines outlined in Article 3.4.1.1 of Mongolia's National Security Concept, which emphasizes "Human Security" and the promotion of public health, healthy lifestyles, and public health education, as well as Article 3.4.1.3, which focuses on proper nutrition, prevention of non-communicable diseases, and addressing micronutrient deficiencies, Mongolia has implemented two national programs aimed at oral health protection: the "Oral Health" program from 1999-2005 and 2006-2015, and the "Healthy Teeth - Healthy Children" program from 2019-2023. The World Health Organization (WHO) defines oral health as the overall well-being of the mouth, teeth, and gums, enabling individuals to perform essential functions like eating, breathing, and speaking. It also encompasses psychosocial aspects such as self-confidence and overall psychological well-being. Oral health is essential across all stages of life, from childhood to old age, and plays a crucial role in overall health, enabling individuals to fully engage in society and reach their potential. Oral diseases are largely preventable but pose a significant health burden in many countries, leading to illness, discomfort, and even mortality. These diseases share modifiable risk factors with other non-communicable diseases (NCDs), including sugar consumption, tobacco use, alcohol consumption, and poor hygiene, influenced by social and commercial factors. Common oral diseases include dental caries, periodontal disease, oral cancer, oral trauma, and cleft lip and palate, affecting approximately 3.5 billion people worldwide regardless of age or gender. Addressing oral hygiene at a systemic level is crucial, with developing countries facing higher prevalence due to factors like low household income, lack of oral hygiene knowledge, and inadequate national policies for prevention. Socio-economic disparities in oral health are pronounced among disadvantaged populations. The 2017 Mongolian National Oral Health Survey revealed high prevalence and severity of dental caries across different age groups, highlighting the need for comprehensive research in this area. Tooth decay can lead to infections in other organs, such as tonsillitis, cardiovascular disease, joint disease, kidney disease, diabetes, and allergies. It is considered both a lifestyle-related disease influenced by dental care and nutrition, as well as an infectious source that can be transmitted from an infected individual to a healthy person
ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESEARCH IN THE SOUTH CAUCASUS IN THE GEOPOLITICAL CONTEXT IN THE XIX CENTURY
Get PDFThe scientific interpretation of archaeological samples of material culture is not always organized objectively. Especially in the early period, archaeological excavations have sometimes been interpreted for various political-historical purposes. In our changing and developing world for the sake of objectivity, it is necessary to consider and analyze doubtful points. The formation of the ancient and medieval history of peoples and geography was part of the aggressive policy of the empire of the new era. The implemented studies were interpreted not from the point of view of objectivity, but against the background of geopolitical interests. These elements can be observed also in the historical-archaeological research organized by the Tsarist Russian Empire in the South Caucasus in the XlX century. The leading direction in the implementation of these studies was that culture and its principles of succession were associated with the resources of imperial forces. Although the Tsarist Empire collapsed after World War I, the research conducted in the region was influenced by the political interests of the other Russian Empire (the Soviet Union)
HOW DOES FINANCIAL INCLUSION AFFECT HUMAN DEVELOPMENT? EVIDENCE FROM ALGERIA
Get PDFThis study explores the relationship between financial inclusion and human development in Algeria from 2004 to 2021, using a composite index of financial inclusion and the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model. The research integrates two dimensions of financial inclusion: access to financial services and usage of financial services, using indicators such as ATMs, bank branches, bank deposits, and domestic credit. The results confirm a long-run cointegration between financial inclusion and human development. In the short run, financial inclusion significantly impacts human development, with a 38.9% adjustment rate towards equilibrium. The findings underscore the vital role of financial inclusion in enhancing human development, with implications for policy aimed at fostering economic growth and improving living standards. The study also emphasizes the importance of strengthening financial systems to maximize these effects
THE NEW WORLD ORDER AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR THE FUTURE OF NATIONS
Get PDFThe New World Order emerged as an inevitable consequence of the post-Cold War era, which ended with the collapse of the Eastern Bloc represented by the Soviet Union. In response, the United States sought an alternative focus—namely, the fight against terrorism. To achieve its strategic interests, the U.S. adopted the New World Order, officially declared by former President George H.W. Bush during his war on terrorism, which he initiated with the invasion of Iraq. The U.S. prioritized its national security above all else, often at the expense of state sovereignty, by imposing conditional protection under the pretext of democracy and human rights. This approach enabled the U.S. to dominate the world and its institutions, particularly with Israel situated at the heart of the Middle East, where America exerts global influence in the name of protecting peace and ensuring maritime security
FACTORS INFLUENCING BEHAVIOURAL INTENTION OF ACADEMICS IN USING MOODLE: AN APPLICATION OF THE UTAUT MODEL
No full textThe study examines factors influencing the behavioural intention and actual usage of Moodle among academics at the University of KwaZulu-Natal (UKZN), South Africa. The study is anchored on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model. The research design utilised in this study is quantitative in nature, guided by the survey method where data are collected from 89 academic staff. Data collected are analysed using the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) technique. The analysis reveals that performance expectancy and social influence are the most relevant determinants of behavioural intention, while facilitating conditions significantly determines actual use. Behavioural intention is also a significant predictor of actual use where higher intentions to use Moodle led to higher usage. Notably, effort expectancy does not impact behavioural intention to use Moodle. Neither gender, age, nor experience, when considered as moderating variables, shows a significant effect on the relationships between constructs. Consequently, the applicability remains consistent across different user groups. The results of this study indicate that interventions aimed at increasing Moodle usage at UKZN, and similar institutions should focus on increasing the perceived usefulness of Moodle, capitalising on positive peer influence, and providing strong support systems. The study also contributes to the validation of the UTAUT model in the South African higher education setting and offers leads that can inform the design and implementation of e-learning strategies for developing countries and the setting of Learning Management Systems (LMS) platforms to maximise educational results
THE ROLE OF DIET AND MICRONUTRIENTS IN MIGRAINE PREVENTION
No full textMigraine is a chronic neurological disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of throbbing headache, often unilateral, accompanied by symptoms such as nausea, photophobia, and phonophobia. Dietary factors and deficiencies in micronutrients, such as magnesium, riboflavin, coenzyme Q10, vitamin D, and omega-3 fatty acids, play a significant role in modulating the frequency and severity of migraine attacks.
This article analyzes the biological mechanisms linking diet to migraine, the effectiveness of supplementation with selected micronutrients, and the importance of eliminating potential trigger factors, such as tyramine, monosodium glutamate, or aspartame.
Based on a review of scientific literature, including Polish and English-language sources, it was demonstrated that a properly balanced diet, including the Mediterranean and ketogenic diets, and individually tailored supplementation can significantly reduce the risk of migraine attacks. The need for further research to optimize dietary strategies and personalize interventions to improve the quality of life of migraine patients was emphasized