HAL-CEA
Not a member yet
145450 research outputs found
Sort by
Illusory self-location in virtual reality: The interplay of vestibular function, aging, and gaming experience
No full textInternational audienceThe vestibular system plays a crucial role in body and self perception, as evidenced by the effects of artificial vestibular stimulation in healthy individuals and the depersonalization-like symptoms observed in patients with otoneurological disorders. However, its role in the bodily self-an immediate and pre-reflective form of selfconsciousness-remains relatively unexplored. This study investigated the influence of bilateral vestibulopathy (BVP) on the bodily self using a full-body illusion (FBI) in virtual reality. We assessed illusory self-location and self-identification in 34 patients with partial or complete BVP, 34 age-matched healthy controls, and 34 younger controls. Our results showed that BVP did not significantly affect the bodily self as measured by the FBI. However, patients with total vestibular loss showed a larger drift in self-location, suggesting that otolithic signals play a key role in illusory self-location. Age emerged as an important factor, with younger participants exhibiting stronger susceptibility to the illusion. Importantly, age interacted with gaming experience to predict illusory selflocation, indicating that prior exposure to video games and virtual environments may influence bodily illusions, particularly in younger individualsa pattern that remained even after controlling for migraine and motion sickness susceptibility. While migraine had no significant effect, higher motion sickness susceptibility was associated to reduced drift in self-location. These findings emphasize the complex interplay between vestibular function, age, prior experience, and sensory integration in shaping the bodily self, and highlight the importance of considering age-and experience-related variables when studying bodily illusions in virtual environments
Frankia Root Nodulation Alters the Molecular Defence Responses Against Phytophthora alni Infection in Alnus glutinosa
No full textInternational audienceThe expression of mechanisms involved in plant stress responses has recently been described during the interactions between Frankia and Alnus glutinosa . In the present study, we sought to investigate the ability of A. glutinosa to activate its defence mechanisms when infected by the pathogen Phytophthora alni , specifically in relation to the presence of Frankia in the root tissues. We report that nodulated plants with Frankia exhibit distinct immune responses when exposed to P. alni infection. This study is based on a comprehensive multi‐omics approach, incorporating transcriptomic, proteomic and hormone analyses to better understand the molecular dynamics involved. Our findings reveal that A. glutinosa plants nodulated with Frankia trigger specific defence mechanisms within their roots in response to P. alni infection, compared to non‐nodulated plants. Additionally, these plants also initiate a more pronounced widespread defence reaction, highlighting the intricate interactions between the host plant, its symbiotic partner and the pathogen. Interestingly, the results suggest that the presence of Frankia in the root tissues influences how A. glutinosa regulates its immune system, especially in the context of P. alni infection. Furthermore, we propose that A. glutinosa plants may employ defence mechanisms not only to fight the pathogen but also to control the growth of their symbiont
Opinion on Hydroxypropyl p-phenylenediamine and its dihydrochloride salt (A165) (CAS/EC No. 73793-79-0/827-723-1 and 1928659-47-5/-)
No full textInternational audienceOpinion on Hydroxypropyl p-phenylenediamine and its dihydrochloride salt (A165) (CAS/EC No. 73793-79-0/827-723-1 and 1928659-47-5/-)SCCS/1659/23 - Final OpinionU. Bernauer, L. Bodin, Q. Chaudhry, P.J. Coenraads, M. Dusinska, J. Ezendam, E. Gaffet, C. L. Galli, E. Panteri, V. Rogiers, Ch. Rousselle, M. Stepnik, T. Vanhaecke, S. Wijnhoven, E. Benfentati, N. Cabaton, E. Corsini, A. Koutsodimou, H. Louro, W. Uter, N. von GoetzThe SCCS adopted this document by written procedure for adoption on 28 February 2024 (48 pages)Mise en ligne : June 2025Ed. Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg, LuxembourgISSN : 1831-4767ISBN : 978-92-68-28869-6doi:10.2875/9829351Catalog number : EW-01-25-084-EN-Nhttps://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/e8915860-5178-11f0-a9d0-01aa75ed71a1/language-enIn light of the data provided, the SCCS considers that hydroxypropyl p-phenylenediamine and its dihydrochloride salt are safe when used in oxidative hair colouring products up to a maximum on-head concentration of 2%.To be cited as : European Commission: Directorate-General for Health and Food Safety, Opinion on Hydroxypropyl p-phenylenediamine and its dihydrochloride salt (A165) (CAS/EC No. 73793-79-0/827-723-1 and 1928659-47-5/-), Publications Office of the European Union, 2025, https://data.europa.eu/doi/10.2875/982935
Potential for expanding sorghum production in Europe in the face of climate change
No full textInternational audienceToday, sorghum is a minor crop in Europe cultivated on only ~0.1% of the cropland area. Nonetheless, sorghum is of growing interest due to its high heat tolerance compared to other crops and better adaptation to future hot and dry summers. In this study, we investigated the feasibility of expanding sorghum cultivation in Europe under current and future climatic conditions. We also explored the possibility of replacing maize with locally-produced sorghum for feeding livestock. To this end, we developed a machine-learning model that predicts sorghum yields from high-resolution climate data. The model was trained on historical sorghum yield data collected at the county level in France, Italy, Spain, and the USA. Then, we used the model to predict sorghum yields for current and future climate conditions, following different climate change scenarios. In almost all scenarios, sorghum yields decreased by up to -1.5 t ha-1 in the southern part of Europe but increased substantially by up to + 3 t ha-1 in the northern part of Europe by end-of-century. We found that at least 90% of maize currently used to feed livestock could be replaced by sorghum in Europe if grown in one out of three years. These results provide valuable information for improving feed security in Europe in the face of climate change
Synthetic-data-driven Plug-and-Play method for inverse problems on bivariate signals
No full textInternational audiencePlug-and-play (PnP) approaches currently achieve state-of-the-art quality in image restoration. These methods rely on a Gaussian denoiser, often parametrized by an artificial neural network (ANN) that learns the image key features. This work adapts the PnP approach to bivariate time series, with an emphasis on preserving the polarization, that is, the geometrical dependence between the two components of the signal. It designs an ANN denoiser in the time-frequency domain, using exclusively a synthetic dataset and data-augmentation operations. The interest of the approach is demonstrated with a non-trivial application to gravitational wave astronomy. Up to our knowledge, this work is one of the first applications of a PnP approach to inverse problems involving (multivariate) time series
Multi-proteomics investigation of the early response to X-rays and carbon ion irradiations of HeLa cells
No full textInternational audienceDespite the considerable decline of cervical cancer incidence in developed countries, the disease remains a public health problem in low-income and middle-income countries due to the low popularity of human papillomavirus vaccination and cervical cancer screening. Mainly treated with radiotherapy, the number of recurrences linked to radioresistance increases in women suffering from this disease and constitutes major obstacle. Here, we perform a combined proteomic and phosphoproteomic profiling of HeLa cervical cancer cells after in vitro treatment with X-rays and carbon ions. We observed differential and extensive alterations at the proteins and phosphoproteins levels. In total, we observed 96 and 102 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) after X-rays and C-ions irradiation, respectively. For phosphoproteins, our results revealed 21 and 41 DEPs in response to C-ions and X-rays ionizing radiation respectively. Furthermore, our study revealed several mechanisms significantly activated by cells in response to ionizing radiation, potentially related to cancer radioresistance, including sister chromatid segregation, rRNA processing, ribosomal large subunit biogenesis, positive regulation of phagocytosis, engulfment, peptidase regulatory activity and negative regulation of ERK1/2 cascade. We also identified three proteins IPM3, DUSP3 and COQ7, oppositely expressed across the C-ions and X-rays groups while MX2 phosphorylation was downregulated in both radiation qualities. Finally, our study revealed a specific kinase signature, associated with Hela cells radioresistance: CDK5, MTOR and CDK2 kinases were predicted in the group of X-rays irradiation while CDK1, PLK1 SRC and MAPK1 kinases were predicted in the group of C-ions irradiation. Taken together, these findings could help to define new potential pathways and biomarkers to be targeted in the treatment of cervical cancer. Insight Box Statement of Integration, Innovation and Insight In this study, a robust proteomic and phospho-proteomic strategy was developed in order to display HELA cells responses to radiations. Two time points were selected to highlight the early responses of cells, following irradiation with low and high LET. CDK1, SRC, MAPK1 kinases were predicted to be activated in response to carbon ions irradiation, while CDK5, MTOR, ATM kinases were predicted in response to X-rays. Several accessions, playing pivotal role in cell proliferation and resistance, were upregulated in X-rays irradiated cells and down regulated in carbon ions irradiated cells. This study gives an accurate picture of molecular events linked with HELA cells radioresistance and offer potential drug targets for optimization of cervical cancer radiotherapy
Can parameterizations reproduce the gravity waves momentum fluxes and drag simulated by a global high-resolution model?
No full textInternational audienceWe compare the gravity wave (GW) parameterizations used in the IPSLCM6 climate model with the GWs resolved in the ICON global model with 5 km horizontal resolution. The parameterizations are run offline using ICON fields coarse-grained to a 100 km grid and compared to the GWs with smaller scales that are resolved in ICON. Overall, the drags are comparable, the momentum fluxes align well, and each GW parameterization (fronts, convection, and mountains) plays a role at geographical locations consistent with ICON. Among the differences, we find that in ICON, GWs are substantially attenuated aloft the subtropical jets; this is underestimated by the parameterizations. It could be corrected by tuning the characteristic phase speeds or the breaking criteria in the parameterizations. It also seems that ICON underestimates frontal waves in the mid-latitudes, that the parameterizations underestimate the convective waves in the tropics, and that the mountain waves are more alike
Results from the T2K experiment on neutrino mixing including a new far detector -like sample
No full textInternational audienceT2K has made improved measurements of three-flavor neutrino mixing with 19.7(16.3) protons on target in (anti-)neutrino-enhanced beam modes. A new sample of muon-neutrino events with tagged pions has been added at the far detector, increasing the neutrino-enhanced muon-neutrino sample size by 42.5%. In addition, new samples have been added at the near detector, and significant improvements have been made to the flux and neutrino interaction modeling. T2K data continues to prefer the normal mass ordering and upper octant of with a near-maximal value of the charge-parity violating phase with best-fit values in the normal ordering of , and eV
Life-cycle-related gene expression patterns in the brown algae
No full textBrown algae are important primary constituents of marine coastal ecosystems, characterised by complex life cycles and various levels of complex multicellular development. However, the molecular processes that underlie development and life cycle progression in the brown algae remain poorly understood. In this study, pairwise comparisons of gametophyte and sporophyte transcriptomes across ten diverse brown algal species showed that the total number of genes exhibiting generation-biased or generation-specific expression in each species was correlated with the degree of dimorphism between life cycle generations. However, analysis of gene ontology terms assigned to the generation-biased/generation-specific genes indicated that each generation (i.e. the sporophyte and the gametophyte) also has characteristic broad life-cycle-related features that have been conserved during evolution. A more detailed analysis of Ectocarpus species 7, identified progressive transcriptome changes over its entire life cycle with a particularly marked change in transcriptome composition during the first day of sporophyte development, characterised by downregulation of flagellar and transcription factor genes and upregulation of a subset of translation genes. Comparison with a similar transcriptomic time series for the evolutionarily-distant (about 250 My) brown alga Dictyota dichotoma indicated considerable conservation of co-expressed gene modules between the two species, particularly for modules that were enriched in genes assigned to evolutionarily-conserved functional categories. This study therefore identified broad life-cycle- and development-related patterns of gene expression that are conserved across the brown algae
Euclid preparation. The impact of redshift interlopers on the two-point correlation function analysis
No full textInternational audienceThe Euclid survey aims to measure the spectroscopic redshift of emission-line galaxies by identifying the H line in their slitless spectra. This method is sensitive to the signal-to-noise ratio of the line, as noise fluctuations or other strong emission lines can be misidentified as H, depending on redshift. These effects lead to catastrophic redshift errors and the inclusion of interlopers in the sample. We forecast the impact of such redshift errors on galaxy clustering measurements. In particular, we study the effect of interloper contamination on the two-point correlation function (2PCF), the growth rate of structures, and the Alcock-Paczynski (AP) parameters. We analyze 1000 synthetic spectroscopic catalogues, the EuclidLargeMocks, designed to match the area and selection function of the Data Release 1 (DR1) sample. We estimate the 2PCF of the contaminated catalogues, isolating contributions from correctly identified galaxies and from interlopers. We explore different models with increasing complexity to describe the measured 2PCF at fixed cosmology. Finally, we perform a cosmological inference and evaluate the systematic error on the inferred , and values associated with different models. Our results demonstrate that a minimal modelling approach, which only accounts for an attenuation of the clustering signal regardless of the type of contaminants, is sufficient to recover the correct values of , , and at DR1. The accuracy and precision of the estimated AP parameters are largely insensitive to the presence of interlopers. The adoption of a minimal model induces a 1%-3% systematic error on the growth rate of structure estimation, depending on the redshift. However, this error remains smaller than the statistical error expected for the Euclid DR1 analysis