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Use of industrial pollution projection system (IPPS) to estimate pollution load by sector in two industrial estates in Ogun state, western Nigeria
Get PDFWe have used industrial projection pollution system (IPPS) to generate estimates of pollution load by industrial establishments in two industrial estates in Ogun state, Western Nigeria using employment data.
Results indicate that the most polluting sectors are chemical and pharmaceuticals (CPH), basic metal (BML) and food, beverage and tobacco (FBT), the three giving a cumulative contribution of 97.18% of pollution to all media. The least polluting sectors are Electrical and electronic sector (EES)(0.02%), Motor vehicle assembly (MVA)(0.04%) and Wood and wood products (WWP)(0.13%). The trend is consistent with results obtained in other developing economies although estimation parameters differ. They sectoral ranking of pollution intensity is similar to the findings of Oketola and Osibanjo10, 12 in a similar study for Lagos
Performance analysis of ANN based YCbCr skin detection algorithm
Get PDFSkin detection from acquired images has various areas of applications especially in automatic facial and human recognition system. The performance analysis of artificial neural network based –YcbCr skin recognition and three other techniques is evaluated in this work. Results obtained show that the use of YCbCr color model performs better than RGB colour model and the use of artificial neural network further improves the accuracy of the system
The Effects of the Activities of Militants in the Niger Abroad Delta Region on Nigeria's Image Abroad
No full textA lot of efforts have been made by various governments to launder Nigeria's image abroad, but most of these efforts have failed. This paper therefore looked at the effects of the activities of militants in the Niger Delta and other parts of Nigeria on the international image of the Country. The paper was basically based on library research. Information were sourced from the internet, _journalists, magazines, newspapers and other related sources. Findings discussed was based on this. It was found among other things that the activities of these militants have significantly affected the image of the country negatively. The paper therefore recommended that the Federal Government should look internally before trying to launder Nigerian's image abroa
Technological Analysis of Sustainable Biofuels Development in Nigeria
Get PDFNigeria’s biofuel policy calls for 10% bioethanol and 20% biodiesel substitution in domestic petrol and diesel consumptions of 35 million and 12 million litres per day respectively. Although the policy was approved in 2005, after six years, a vibrant biofuels industry has not taken off in the country. In this paper, using strategic analysis approach, we determined the key technological impediments to biofuel industry development in Nigeria to be inadequate knowledge on feedstock and landmass requirements, the “food vs fuel” debate, fuel subsidy implications, indifference and low market confidence by investors, limited S&T human capability, poor funding, weak institutional framework and poor infrastructure provision. We have established that Nigeria’s total biofuel production at highest demand by 2020 (11.64 Million Tons) would require 51.8 Million Tons of feedstock comprising 48.44 Million Tons of cassava for bioethanol and 3.36 Million Tons of Jatropha curcas for biodiesel. This production demand would require 57.5 Thousand Sq. Km of land. This is less than 8% and 20% of the arable land (726 Thousand Sq. Km) or cultivated land (340 Thousand Sq. Km) in Nigeria respectively. Hence the food vs fuel fears were deemed unnecessary. We argue that the N1. 2 trillion (US $8 billion) fuel subsidy claimed by the Federal Government of Nigeria in 2011 be converted as seed capital for the take-off of the biofuels industry in the country
Electricity Theft Prediction on Low Voltage Distribution System Using Autoregressive
Get PDFElectricity consumers tend to avoid the payment of electricity dues through various methods such as tampering with energy meter and illegal tapping via direct connection to the distribution feeder. This has led to huge revenue losses by the electricity supplying corporation and the related government or private agencies. A new approach of detecting electricity theft on low voltage distribution systems, either single or three phase, based on the advanced signal processing using linear prediction is presented in this paper. Consumer data were analyzed using Autoregressive (AR) model in order to predict the quantity of power consumed within the specified interval and consequently, compare the result obtained with the actual data recorded against the consumer under study. Thus the model developed was used to predict power consumption at 30minutes interval ahead, thereby facilitating the detection of electricity theft if there is a wide variation between the actual and the predicted data
A Dependable Model for Attaining Maximum Authentication Security Procedure in a Grid Based Environment
Get PDFGrid computing is an emergent computing innovation which offers endless access to computing infrastructure across various organizations (academia and industry). Since this technology allows aggregation of various computer systems for usage by different users to run applications, the information stored on it which may be sensitive and private, remains vulnerable. According to related research on the attribute based access control for grid computing there is no adequate and appropriate security mechanism to authorize and authenticate users before accessing information on a grid system. The issue of security in grid technology has not been fully addressed even though it is a precondition for optimizing grid usability. Having realized the paucity of security guarantees, this research work focuses on developing a model for securing data and applications deployed on a grid on the basis of double identity authentication and public key. The implementation of the model has undoubtedly guaranteed the security of sensitive information on a grid vis-a-vis strict adherence to security policies and protocols
An Analysis of Youths' Responses to Media Messages Promoting Family Planning Services in Abraka Community of Delta State
No full textThis study evaluates the degree of awareness, misconceptions, and attitudes to media messages on family planning methods in Abraka community in Ughelli South Local Government Area of Delta State. It employed the survey method of research, using a sample of one hundred and twenty (120) respondents who were purposively chosen from different parts of Abraka community in Delta State. The research also involved an examination of secondary data to generate data and assumptions for the study. Data generated were analysed using simple percentage and presented with the aid of tables. Findings revealed that the youths in Abraka are aware of family planning, and believe that family planning should be encouraged. They also agee that the mass media do give the messages concerning family planning. Findings also reveal that the majority of the respondents are of the view that they get their family planning messages from radio, television and newspapers mainly. However, the majority of the respondents believe that Radio is the most effective source for media messages on family planning. The study therefore recommends that the mass media should focus also on enlightening the youths on the dangers of unwanted pregnancies as illiteracy is found to be a major factor which still sustains it in the community under study and that health organisations and reproductive health partners in Delta State should partner with the mass media on advocacy efforts with a view to promoting family planning more at the grassroots level
Determination of Hydroxyl Radical in Seto Inland Sea and its Potential to Degrade Irgarol
Get PDFPhoto-production rates and overall scavenging rate constants of the highly reactive hydroxyl
radicals (•OH) were measured by irradiation of surface seawater samples collected from the Seto Inland Sea,
Japan. Photo-production rates of •OH ranged from 7.2 × 10-12 M s-1 to 424 × 1012 M s-1
and scavenging rate
constants were 1.3 – 4.1×106
s
-1
. The steady state concentrations of •OH in seawater, which were calculated
from the photo-production rates and scavenging rate constants were in the range 2.6 –189 × 10-18 M.
Estimation from the scavenging rate constant showed that the lifetime of •OH in seawater ranged from 0.29
×10-6
s to 0.55 ×10-6
s. Nitrates and hydrogen peroxide contributions to OH radical formation rates were
negligible in the samples studied. However, direct photolysis of NO2
-
accounted for up to 73% of the observed
•OH formation rates. The rate constant for the reaction •OH with irgarol was found to be (9.7 ± 0.52) × 109 M
-
1
s
-1. Based on the steady state concentration of •OH, the calculated half-lives for Irgarol due to the reaction
with hydroxyl radicals in the Seto Inland Sea were in the range 4.3-318 day
Haematological and histopathological effects of oil from castor seeds (Ricinus communis Linn.) on albino-rats
Get PDFThe effects of soxhlet extraction of oil from castor seeds (Ricinus communis Linn) using n-hexane as
solvent on hematological and histopathological properties of albino rats was investigated using
standard method. The haematological analysis of the animals’ blood showed that the extract caused a
reduction in the packed cell volume (PCV) from 49.3 to 46.7%. Histopathological analysis of the organs
of the animals showed that the extract caused dilation of the sinusoid with less prominent nucleus of
the liver, homogeneity of the muscle fibres of the heart with inflammatory cell infiltration, infiltration of
kidney cells with increased hyaline casts, while the small intestine showed acute erosion of superficial
and middle parts of the intestinal villi. Since the oil has deleterious effects on the organs of the animals
used and also reduced the PCV, it is conceivable that when the oil is consumed by humans, it will have
the same effect. Therefore, it is advocated that the oil should not be consumed until further work is
done on it
Iron status in HIV-1 infection: implications in disease pathology
Get PDFThere had been conflicting reports with levels of markers of iron metabolism in HIV infection. This study was therefore aimed at investigating iron status and its possible mediation of severity of HIV- 1 infection and pathogenesis. Eighty (80) anti-retroviral naive HIV-1 positive and 50 sero-negative controls were recruited for the study. Concentrations of serum total iron, transferrin, total iron binding capacity (TIBC), CD4 + T -lymphocytes, vitamin C, zinc, selenium and transferrin saturation were estimated. The mean CD4 + T-lymphocyte cell counts, serum iron, TIBC, transferrin saturation for the tests and controls were 319 ± 22, 952 ± 57 cells/μl (P < 0.001), 35 ± 0.8, 11.8 ± 0.9 μmol/l (P < 0.001), 58.5 ± 2.2, 45.2 ± 2.4 μmol/l (P < 0.005) and 68.8 ± 3.3, 27.7 ± 2.2%, (P <0.001), respectively, while mean concentrations of vitamin C, zinc and selenium were 0.03 ± 0.01, 0.3 ± 0.04 (P < 0.001), 0.6 ± 0.05, 11.9 ± 0.26 μmol/l (P < 0.001) and 0.1 ± 0.01, 1.2 ± 0.12 μmol/l (P < 0.001) respectively. Furthermore, CD4 + T-lymphocyte cell count had a positive correlation with levels of vitamin C (r = 0.497, P < 0.001), zinc (r = 0.737, P < 0.001), selenium (r = 0.639, P < 0.001) and a negative correlation with serum iron levels (r = −0.572, P < 0.001). It could be inferred that derangement in iron metabolism, in addition to oxidative stress, might have contributed to the depletion of CD4 + T cell population in our subjects and this may result in poor prognosis of the disease