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Hybrid algorithm for NARX network parameters' determination using differential evolution and genetic algorithm
Get PDFA hybrid optimization algorithm using Differential Evolution (DE) and Genetic Algorithm (GA) is proposed in this study to address the problem of network parameters determination associated with the Nonlinear Autoregressive with eXogenous inputs Network (NARX-network). The proposed algorithm involves a two level optimization scheme to search for both optimal network architecture and weights. The DE at the upper level is formulated as combinatorial optimization to search for the network architecture while the associated network weights that minimize the prediction error is provided by the GA at the lower level. The performance of the algorithm is evaluated on identification of a laboratory rotary motion system. The system identification results show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm for nonparametric model development
New Method of LMS Variable Step-Size Formulation for Adaptive Noise Cancellation
Get PDFLeast mean square (LMS) is a widely used steepest descent algorithm known with efficient tracking ability of small mean square error (MSE) but with low convergence speed. In contract to the fixed step size, variable step size was introduced to improve the convergence speed while maintaining the minimal MSE. In this work, a new method was formulated to determine the variable step size of the LMS algorithm. Simulation results are presented to support the experimental analysis for the performance evaluation and comparison. Result reveals that the performance the of new formulated variable step size algorithm is better compare to the conventional LMS algorithm
Effective Service Delivery of Nigeria’s Public Primary Education: The Role of Non-State Actors
Get PDFThe study examines and analyses the role of Non-State Actors (NSAs) in public
provision of primary education in Nigeria using descriptive and econometric
techniques. The analysis demonstrates that the major source of funding of public
primary education in Nigeria flows from the Federal Government to the State
government and finally to the Local Government Education Authority (LGEA). The
study shows that NSAs’ activities are mainly the provision of school inputs with
little or no role monitoring and management of public primary schools. It was
found that the presence of private school inspectors has significant positive effect
on pupils’ performance. Parents occupation and household qualities especially
type of building were found to have positive impact on the pupils’ performance.
Based on these findings, the study recommends the need for adequate
involvement of NSAs in the management of public primary schools and improved
inspection of schools as ways of improving the quality of primary education in
Nigeria
Consumer Load Prediction and Theft Detection on Distribution Network Using Autoregressive Model
Get PDFLoad prediction is essential for the planning and management of electric power system and this has been an area of research interest recently. Various load forecasting techniques have been proposed to predict consumer load which represents the activities of the consumer on the distribution network. Commonly, these techniques use cumulative energy consumption data of various consumers connected to the power system to predict consumer load. However, this data fails to reveal the activities of individual consumers as related to energy consumption and stealing of electricity. A new approach of predicting consumer load and detecting electricity theft based on autoregressive model technique is proposed in this paper. The objective is to evaluate the relationship between the consumer load consumption vis-a-vis the model coefficients and model order selection. Such evaluation will facilitate effective monitoring of the individual consumer behaviour, which will be indicated in the changes in model parameters and invariably lead to detection of electricity theft on the part of the consumer. The study used the data acquired from consumer load prototype which represents a typical individual consumer connected to the distribution network. Average energy consumption obtained over 24 hours was used for the modelling and 5-minute step ahead load prediction based on model order 20 of minimum description length criterion technique was achieved. Electricity theft activities were detected whenever there are disparities in the model coefficients and consumer load data
Intelligent Technique for Grading Tropical Fruit using Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Get PDFRecent application of modern marketing techniques coupled with intelligent agricultural systems of production has transformed small scale farming into large scale, in most part of the world. Characteristically, most of the tropical fruits, such as orange, appeared edible physically but internally such fruits might be defective based on their tissue and juice. Eventually, these fruits, via the market and undetected, usually get to the consumers who encounter the unfavourable status of the fruits. Our purpose, in this study, is to develop a non-destructive method to predict the status of orange fruits, based on internal quality. Graph of histogram showing the levels of different four colour intensities were acquired and analysed. The features extracted from Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), using any of the two proposed methods, were applied as an input to train artificial neural network (ANN) in order to predict the orange fruit status. Different structures of multi-layer perceptron neural networks with feed-forward and back-propagation learning algorithms were developed usin
2013/12/1
No full textHuman hand recognition plays an important role in a wide range of applications ranging from sign language translators, gesture recognition, augmented reality, surveillance and medical image processing to various Human Computer Interaction (HCI) domains.
Human hand is a complex articulated object consisting of many connected parts and joints.
Therefore, for applications that involve HCI one can find many challenges to establish a
system with high detection and recognition accuracy for hand posture and/or gesture. Hand
posture is defined as a static hand configuration without any movement involved. Meanwhile,
hand gesture is a sequence of hand postures connected by continuous motions. During the
past decades, many approaches have been presented for hand posture and/or gesture recognition. In this paper, we provide a survey on approaches which are based on Hidden Markov
Models (HMM) for hand posture and gesture recognition for HCI applications
Evaluation of beniseed extract and fermented liquor in treatment of diarrhoea in albino rats infected with Salmonella typhi
Get PDFThe efficacy of fermented beniseed liquor and the methanol extract in treating
diarrhoea caused by Salmonella typhi in albino rats orogastrically infected with the bacteria
was assessed. At the end of the experiment, haematological, biochemical and liver functioning
tests were performed on the blood from the animals. The results obtained from this analysis
showed that the selected organism have high infectivity dose, caused a significant reducing effect
on the weight of the albino rats and negative effect on the hematological and biochemical
parameters assessed. Treatment of infected animals with the fermented liquor and methanol
extract of beniseeds showed that both caused a significantly quick recovery of the infected
animals from diarrhoea within five days of treatment. However, the rate of recovery was faster
with the group of infected rats treated with the fermented beniseed liquor than the extract. Also,
treatment with methanol extract of beniseeds also caused a significant increase in the cholesterol
level of the blood from the animals. The results obtained from these analyses showed that
beniseed have therapeutic properties and that the fermented form is more effective and can be
used to treat diarrhoea caused by the selected bacteria used in this study in albino rats
Students satisfaction with academic library resources and services: the covenant university library experience
Get PDFThis study investigated student"s satisl~tetion with academic library resources and sen ices. the objectives of the study ''as to lind out \\ hether the students are satisfied with the library resources and sen i~:cs or not. 500 copies of a designed questionnaire was administered to the students that used the library during the period of the study. out of " \\hich 473 was returned and used t\1r anal~ sis. this represented 94.6% response rate. The finding revealed1 \ hat the students uses the library \Cry oticn. they are satisfied with the library resources and sen i~:cs. It is recommended that Cmcnant University Library should keep on 1maintaining the high k' l'l of librar~ rcsour<.:cs and services as it leads to students (users) satisfaction. there is need t\1r the librar~ to imprmc on its resources and scrYiccs to users as a world class l l ni\l·rsit~. It is thcret(xe concluded that management of Library and Information Centres slwuld pa~ more attention to quality and library resources and services for the benefits of lihran users and the image of the librar
A Comparative Study of Users’ Experiences with Microsoft Windows Vista and Windows XP: A Case Study of University of Ibadan
Get PDFThrough the past two decades, Human Computer Interactions emerged as a focal area of computer science research and development. Human Computer Interaction is about designing computer systems that support people so that they can carry out their activities productively and safely. And this has a role in playing in the design and development of all kinds of system. Although advances in technology tend to drive advances in field, technology needs to be usable as well as functional. According to Terry Winogard (1990)” Except for special things like computer games, people don’t use computer because they want to use computer, they use computer because they want to write papers, they want to communicate with people, and they want to design bridges and so on. Whatever they are doing, the computer is an enabling device that can help them to do it”. Designing interactive computer systems to be effective, efficient, easy and enjoyable to use is important, so that people and society may realize the benefit of computation-based devices
Occurrence of antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in some street-vended foods in Ogun State, Nigeria
Get PDFStaff PublicationFood borne illnesses of microbial origin are a major international health problem associated with food safety and an important cause of death in developing countries. This study was carried out to investigate the occurrence of antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in some street-vended foods in Ogun State, Southwerstern Nigeria. A total of 140 street-vended food samples which included 20 samples each of fish sausages, meat sausages, fried fish, fried meat, fried yam, moin-moin and jollof rice were purchased from vendors in three different communities (Sabo, Isale-Oko and Makun) in Sagamu, Ogun State, Nigeria. Demographic survey was carried out on the hygienic and safety attitudes cultivated by the vendors recruited for this study. Microbiological analyses were carried out on the food products to isolate typical S. aureus strains. The samples were serially diluted and dilution factors of up 10-6 were cultured on Mannitol salt agar medium employing the spread plate technique. The disc-diffusion method was employed to determine the antibiotic resistance patterns of the isolated S. aureus strains. Most vendors were aware of the heath risk associated with unhygienic practices. Percentage products contaminated ranged from 0%, as obtained from fried yam, to 40% obtained from fish sausages. Prevalence of S. aureus strains obtained from samples ranged from 0 (as in fried yam) to 5.20 + 1.2 cfu ml-1 (as obtained from jollof rice). The isolates were subjected to antibiotic susceptibility assay employing the disc diffusion technique. Results on the resistance patterns of the isolated S. aureus strains revealed that resistance was highest to gentamycin (45.8%) and lowest to cotrimoxazole (4.2%) and erythromycin (4.2%). In conclusion, street vended food samples are frequently contaminated with S. aureus and that these could serve as potential vehicle for the transmission of resistant strains of the pathogen. Increased resistance of S. aureus to certain broad spectrum antibiotics such as gentamicin and amoxicillin should stimulate the interest of researchers